Idiopathic eosinophilic colitis lesions of the equine small (descending) colon

Five horses with a primary surgical lesion of the small (descending) colon were diagnosed with eosinophilic colitis based on visual and histopathological examination. These were evident as visibly striking, hyperaemic, focal lesions of the small colon, with serosal petechiation, oedema and marked thickening of the intestinal wall at the site. Areas of focal necrosis were also evident. The gross appearance of the lesions were considered to be sufficiently severe in all cases to merit resection, due to concerns about intestinal necrosis and septic peritonitis. An inability to fully exteriorise the affected portion of intestine to perform a resection and anastomosis necessitated intraoperative euthanasia of one horse. A total of three horses survived to hospital discharge. Eosinophilic colitis lesions are a rare cause of severe small colon disease, but should be considered in cases with similar visual characteristics.     

芽孢杆菌微生态制剂对京红1号蛋鸡产蛋性能和蛋品质的影响

试验旨在研究芽孢杆菌微生态制剂对京红1号蛋鸡产蛋性能和蛋品质的影响。选择健康、体况良好的404日龄京红1号蛋鸡960只,随机分为4组,每组6个重复,每个重复40只。对照组饲喂基础日粮,试验Ⅰ组饲喂基础日粮+益倍佳(凝结芽孢杆菌),试验Ⅱ组饲喂基础日粮+赐尔健(纳豆芽孢杆菌),试验Ⅲ组饲喂添加地衣芽孢杆菌+枯草芽孢杆菌(1∶1)混合制剂的日粮,试验组微生态制剂的添加量均为300 mg/kg。试验期25 d,其中预饲期5 d。结果显示,与对照组相比,试验组蛋鸡产蛋率均显著提高(P<0.05),破、软蛋率均显著降低(P<0.05),试验Ⅰ、Ⅱ组料蛋比显著降低(P<0.05)。与对照组相比,Ⅱ组鸡蛋平均蛋重显著提高了2.25%(P<0.05);试验组Ⅰ、Ⅱ的蛋黄相对重、蛋壳相对重、哈氏单位均无显著影响(P>0.05);试验Ⅲ组蛋壳颜色为1~3级的鸡蛋比例明显增多,差异显著(P<0.05)。综上所述,添加微生态制剂赐尔健(纳豆芽孢杆菌)可显著提高京红1号产蛋率和平均蛋重,显著降低料蛋比和破、软蛋率;添加枯草芽孢杆菌+地衣芽孢杆菌(1∶1)混合制剂可使蛋壳颜色加深的鸡蛋比例显著增多。     

Effects of Bacillus amylolyticus on Rumen Dry Matter Digestibility,Fermentation Parameters and Metabolites of Dairy Cows北大核心CSCD

This experiment was conducted to study the effects of Bacillus amylolyticus on rumen dry matter digestibility, fermentation parameters and metabolites of dairy cows. Experiment 1: six dairy cows with permanent fistula and had the similar parity (2 to 3 fetuses), body weight [(662 ±57) kg], lactation days [(160 ± 22) d] and milk yield [(36.1 ±3.8) kg / d], were randomly divided into 3 groups with 2 cows per group. Using 3 ×3 Latin square design, each group was extra fed 0 (control group), 5 ×109 and 5 ×1010 CFU / d Bacillus amylolyticus, the trial period was 3 periods, 13 days for each period, including 10 days for the pre-trial period and 3 days for the trial period. At the beginning of the trial period, the rumen dry matter digestibility of cows was measured by nylon bag method. Experiment 2: thirty dairy cows with similar parity [(2.5 ±0.3) fetuses], initial body weight [(559.2 ± 7. 4) kg], milk yield [(35. 2 ± 1. 5) kg / d] and lactation days [(99 ± 22) d] were randomly divided into three groups with 10 cows in each group. Cows in the 3 groups were extra fed with 0 (control group), 5 ×109 and 5 ×1010 CFU / d Bacillus amylolyticus, respectively. The pre-trial period was 10 days and the trial period was 42 days. The rumen fluid was collected on the last day of the trial period, and the rumen fermentation parameters and metabolites were determined. The results showed as follows: compared with the control group, 1) supplementary feeding of 5 × 1010 CFU / d Bacillus amylolyticus could significantly improve the rumen dry matter digestibility of dairy cows at 12, 24, 36, 48 and 72 h (P <0.05), supplementary feeding of 5 ×109 CFU / d Bacillus amylolyticus could significantly improve the rumen dry matter digestibility of dairy cows at 36 and 48 h (P <0.05); 2) supplementary feeding of 5 ×109 CFU / d Bacillus amylolyticus could significantly increase the contents of isobutyric acid, butyric acid, isovaleric acid, valeric acid, total volatile fatty acid and microbial protein in the rumen of dairy cows (P < 0. 05), supplementary feeding of 5 × 1010 CFU / d Bacillus amylolyticus could significantly increase the contents of isobutyric acid and isovaleric acid in the rumen of dairy cows and significantly reduce the rumen acetic acid / propionic acid (P < 0. 05), supplementary feeding of 5 ×109 and 5 ×1010 Bacillus amylolyticus had no effects on rumen pH and ammonia nitrogen content (P >0.05); 3) eleven metabolic pathways related to differential metabolites were detected, and ascorbic acid and alginate metabolism were significantly enriched (P < 0. 05) . In conclusion, Bacillus amylolyticus can increase the rumen dry matter digestibility, and improve the rumen fermentation function of dairy cows by affecting the content of rumen metabolites. By comprehensive analysis, supplementary feeding of 5 × 109 CFU / d Bacillus amylolyticus can achieve better effect. © 2023 Authors. All rights reserved.     

03-19-程旺大-密穗型水稻的研究现状及展望

水稻密穗型品种通过“扩库”使产量水平有了较大提高，其育成和推广在近20a来浙江省晚粳稻品种改良及增产中起了重要作用。分析了密穗型品种的形态学特征及其生理生态特性，从群体小气候环境、物质的生产和分配、产量结构、稻曲病的发生及稻米品质和灌浆特性等方面进行了讨论。在此基础上，对密穗型水稻的研究作了展望，认为应继续加大形态类型创新和育种基础材料的创新，开展不同类型品种源库关系的研究，以及不同类型品种品质差异及其形成机理的研究。     

刺槐光合生理生态特性日变化研究

为了解刺槐光合生理生态特性及生长的适宜生态条件,培育出优质高产的林木,采用LI-6400光合测定系统对刺槐的光合生理特性日变化及其与气象因子关系进行了研究。结果表：（1）刺槐的Pn日变化呈“双峰型”曲线,有明显的“午休”现象,第一个峰出现在9：00左右,第二个峰出现在15：00左右,第一个峰值明显高于第二个峰值。（2）Tr在很大程度上决定于气孔的活动状态,Ci因为Gs的降低而减少,刺槐的光合速率控制因子为气孔限制。（3）Pn与Gs成极显著正相关,与Tr成显著性正相关。环境因子主要是影响叶片的Tr、Vpdl和Tl来影响Pn,PAR对Pn的影响较大,但可能不是导致刺槐光合“午休”的直接因素。     

黔苦2号苦荞新品种春播高产综合农艺措施研究

运用二次回归正交旋转组合设计,在春播条件下研究黔苦2号苦荞籽粒产量与其播种量及N、P、K肥施用量间的关系。通过试验,建立了黔苦2号籽粒产量与主要农艺措施的数学模型,通过对模型的解析和模拟寻优分析。结果表明：黔苦2号籽粒产量高于2800kg/hm2的优化栽培技术方案：播种量67.14~74.93 kg/hm2,施N量28.88~40.12 kg/hm²,施P₂O₅量179.11~210.89 kg/hm²,施K₂O量43.94~61.06 kg/hm²;试验4因子对籽粒产量影响的程度大小为播种量>施K2O量>施P₂O₅量>施N量。     

有机磷农药降解菌—阴沟肠杆菌的生物学特性

【研究目的】对有机磷农药降解菌阴沟肠杆菌的生物学特性进行研究,为研究其降解特性机理及应用提供理论依据。【方法】测定阴沟肠杆菌生长曲线、生理生化特征,筛选出最适生长培养基,测定不同温度、pH值、摇床振数、装液量下的生长状况,确定最适生长条件,测定对乐果、甲胺磷、敌敌畏、敌百虫的耐受力和利用情况。【结果】阴沟肠杆菌培养3h后进入对数生长期,可以利用分解大部分含碳化合物,在营养贫瘠的条件上生长,生长温度范围为10~43℃,生长pH值范围为6~12,对乐果、甲胺磷、敌敌畏、敌百虫的降解利用必须建立在一定的营养物质的基础上。【结论】该菌的繁殖速度快,在营养条件较贫瘠的条件下就可以生存,是一株生存能力很强的菌株,适合应用于土壤、水体环境中的有机磷农药的降解。     

抗旱复合肥的节水节肥效果研究

将保水剂,有机、无机材料和复合肥通过特殊工艺制成抗旱复合肥。通过玉米盆栽试验,在控制水分条件下,对抗旱复合肥的保水保肥性能进行研究。结果表明抗旱复合肥能显著提高盆栽玉米生物量,水分利用率和肥料利用率。与普通复合肥相比玉米干重增幅为14.8-27.2%,WUE增幅为39.6%-61.3%,氮素利用率增幅24.5%-45.2%。     

灌溉方式对草莓光合特性和根系生长的影响

以草莓丰香为材料,探讨三种灌溉方式（沟灌、滴灌、滴灌+半基质）对粘性土壤条件下草莓产量、光合生理指标和根系生长的影响。结果表明：与沟灌相比,滴灌+半基质方式和滴灌方式均能促进草莓的生长和增加其产量,单株产量分别增加36.89%和29.30%,在开花期草莓叶片光合速率提高了41.56%和34.46%;在结果期,水分利用率提高了28.69%和24.65%,根冠比提高了51.78%和29.28%;滴灌+半基质方式和滴灌方式更有利于根系生长,在开花期根体积提高了164.25%和78.72%、根鲜重提高了117.18%和84.07%、在结果期根系活力提高了70.98%和48.38%;滴灌+半基质栽培灌溉方式是一种适宜粘性土壤草莓的灌溉方式。     

微生物发酵制备香蕉抗性淀粉研究

研究了微生物发酵法制备香蕉抗性淀粉,通过单因素的底物浓度、pH值、发酵温度和时间预试验范围,采用均匀设计优化试验,经Uniform Design3.0进行数据处理与分析,得到高纯度抗性淀粉的最佳组合参数为:芽孢杆菌接种量为体积分数3.69%,最适发酵pH值为4.83,发酵温度为36℃,发酵时间为12h,得到的抗性淀粉纯度最高为98.5%。