柚木(Tectona grandis)无性系繁育及造林技术

柚木为马鞭草科柚木属植物,是世界上最珍贵的用材树种之一。文章介绍了柚木的生物学特性、无性繁殖即组培技术要点以及造林技术,论述了柚木在我省的推广前景。     

柑橘园产量等级界定模式的建立

由专家群体对不同品种、种植密度、树龄、产量进行柑橘园产量等级经验评估,应用回归方法筛选出柑橘园产量等级的统一量化模式,为相关应用研究提供可比参考指标.     

靠接换砧矫治枳砧甜橙缺铁黄化研究

靠接红桔、酸桔和枸头橙砧,矫治枳砧甜橙缺铁黄化有明显效果。其中,以枸头橙效果最好,以下依次为酸桔和红桔,靠接砧苗后树势逐年恢复,产量成倍增加,靠接红桔、酸桔和枸头橙分别比对照增产3.3、1.4和1.5倍;对提高果实含糖量、果汁率和降低含酸量亦有良好效果。     

放牧条件下大针茅种群的形态变异

以草原生态系统顶级群落羊草样地(1979年围封)为对照,研究了同一生境下长期放牧后围封2年的新羊草样地的大针茅种群生殖器官和营养器官的变异。结果表明:新羊草样地大针茅植株变矮,丛幅显著减小,营养枝和生殖枝减少,且生殖枝减少更为显著,说明大针茅放牧后个体小型化,有性繁殖降低,新枝条形成时间提前,但也提前结束。此外,其种子长变短,芒柱变短、变细,芒针变弱但长度基本没有变。     

巨桉纸浆原料林土壤养分与林木生长研究

通过相关分析及回归分析，探讨了巨桉人工林土壤养分与林木生长的关系，结果表明：土壤速效N、速效P、土壤有机质的浓度与林木胸径、树高、材积极显著正相关，土壤全N、全P与林木胸径树高、材积显著正相关。建立了胸径、树高、材积与土壤养分的线形回归方程，最佳数学表达式说明速效N、速效P是影响巨桉林生长的关键土壤养分。     

Growth- and leaf-temperature effects on photosynthesis of sweet orange seedlings infected with Xylella fastidiosa

The effects of growth and leaf temperature on photosynthesis were evaluated in sweet orange seedlings ( Citrus sinensis cv. Pera) infected with Xylella fastidiosa (the bacterium that causes citrus variegated chlorosis, CVC). Measurements of leaf gas exchange and chlorophyll  a fluorescence were taken at leaf temperatures of 25, 30, 35 and 40°C in healthy and infected (without visible symptoms) seedlings submitted to two temperature regimes (25/20 or 35/20°C, day/night), not simultaneously. The CO₂ assimilation rates ( A ) and stomatal conductance ( g _s) were higher in healthy plants in both temperature regimes. Values for A and g _s of infected and healthy plants were higher in the 35/20°C regime, decreasing with leaf temperature increase. In addition, differences between healthy and infected plants were higher at 35/20°C, while no differences in chlorophyll  a fluorescence parameters were observed except for potential quantum efficiency of photosystem II, which was higher in infected plants. Low A values in infected plants were caused by low g _s and probably by biochemical damage to photosynthesis. The high alternative electron sink of infected plants was another effect of reduced A . Both high growth and high leaf temperatures increased differences in A between healthy and infected plants. Therefore this feature may be partially responsible for lower growth and/or productivity of CVC-affected plants in regions with high air temperature.     

Diversity in the carotenoid profiles and the expression of genes related to carotenoid accumulation among citrus genotypes

Carotenoids are not only important to the plants themselves but also are beneficial to human health. Since citrus fruit is a good source of carotenoids for the human diet, it is important to study carotenoid profiles and the accumulation mechanism in citrus fruit. Thus, in the present paper, we describe the diversity in the carotenoid profiles of fruit among citrus genotypes. In regard to carotenoids, such as β-cryptoxanthin, violaxanthin, lycopene, and β-citraurin, the relationship between the carotenoid profile and the expression of carotenoid-biosynthetic genes is discussed. Finally, recent results of quantitative trait locus (QTL) analyses of carotenoid contents and expression levels of carotenoid-biosynthetic genes in citrus fruit are shown.     

柑橘CHS基因序列多态性及表达水平对类黄酮生物合成的影响

查尔酮的合成是类黄酮生物合成途径中的一个关键节点。从10个柑橘种质中克隆了查尔酮合成酶(chalcone synthase,CHS)基因,并对其不同时期的果实和叶片中的类黄酮含量进行了测定,分析了CHS基因的序列多态性与类黄酮含量之间的关系;同时通过qRT-PCR检测了CHS基因在不同种质之间以及同一种质的不同组织间的表达差异。结果表明,柑橘CHS基因的核苷酸序列高度保守,相似度达98%以上。聚类分析表明,CHS氨基酸序列的多态性有物种特异性,而且与类黄酮含量有一定的相关性。CHS基因的表达水平在不同种质、部位及生长发育时期有显著差异,这些差异与类黄酮的含量有显著的相关性,说明CHS基因对类黄酮的生物合成有明显影响。     

气相色谱-串联质谱法测定柑橘中5种杀螨剂残留

建立了气相色谱-串联质谱法(GC-MS/MS)检测柑橘中5种杀螨剂残留分析方法。样品经乙腈提取、氯化钠盐析后,取有机相用Qu EChERS方法净化,利用GC-MS/MS在多反应监测(MRM)模式下进行测定,外标法定量。5种杀螨剂在0.005~0.5mg/L浓度范围内呈现良好的线性关系,相关系数r^2均>0.996,方法定量限为0.005 mg/kg。在0.005、0.01和0.1mg/kg 3种添加水平下,加标回收率为70.6%~111.3%,相对标准偏差(RSD)为1.07%~14.64%。本方法简便、重现性良好,可用于柑橘类水果样品中杀螨剂的日常检测。     

有机柑橘生产加工质量追溯的技术指标标准研究

根据农产品供应链理论和全面质量管理理论,采用文献检索、实地调研和比较分析的方法,建立有机柑桔的生产加工质量追溯体系的技术指标标准,包括产品来源追踪的产品批号和质量安全问题原因追踪的诸多因素,确保有机柑橘质量安全。