近年来我国城市化进程中失地农民问题研究综述

近年来,随着我国工业化与城镇化进程的加快,城市周边越来越多的农地被征用为建设用地。但在征地和农民的补偿、安置中,既存在着土地滥征、滥用现象,又使农民的利益受损,从而引起了学者们的广泛关注。综观学者们的研究,他们大多集中在对失地农民的补偿安置、社会保障等问题的研究上。虽然其研究成果颇丰,但也有不足之处。对此类研究进行总结分析,有利于推动此类问题的解决。     

Shifting subjects of health-care: placing "medical tourism" in the context of Malaysian domestic health-care reform

"Medical tourism" has frequently been held to unsettle naturalised relationships between the state and its citizenry. Yet in casting "medical tourism" as either an outside "innovation" or "invasion," scholars have often ignored the role that the neoliberal retrenchment of social welfare structures has played in shaping the domestic health-care systems of the "developing" countries recognised as international medical travel destinations. While there is little doubt that "medical tourism" impacts destinations' health-care systems, it remains essential to contextualise them. This paper offers a reading of the emergence of "medical tourism" from within the context of ongoing health-care privatisation reform in one of today's most prominent destinations: Malaysia. It argues that "medical tourism" to Malaysia has been mobilised politically both to advance domestic health-care reform and to cast off the country's "underdeveloped" image not only among foreign patient-consumers but also among its own nationals, who are themselves increasingly envisioned by the Malaysian state as prospective health-care consumers.     

Responsibility and agency within alternative food networks: assembling the “citizen consumer”

With “consumer demand” credited with driving major changes in the food industry related to food quality, safety, environmental, and social concerns, the contemporary politics of food has become characterized by a variety of attempts to redefine food consumption as an expression of citizenship that speaks of collective rights and responsibilities. Neoliberal political orthodoxy constructs such citizenship in terms of the ability of individuals to monitor and regulate their own behavior as entrepreneurs and as consumers. By contrast, many proponents of alternative food networks promote the idea that food citizenship is expressed through participation in social arrangements based on solidarity and coordinated action rather than on contractual and commoditized relationships between so-called “producers” and “consumers.” This paper thus focuses its analysis on the strategies used to mobilize people as consumers of particular products and the ways, in turn, in which people use their consumption choices as expressions of social agency or citizenship. In particular, the paper examines how the marketing, pricing, and distribution of foods interact with food standards to enable and constrain specific expressions of food citizenship. It is argued that narrow and stereotypical constructions of the “ethical consumer” help to limit the access of particular people and environmental values, such as biodiversity, to the ethical marketplace.

出版行业职业道德建设的主要手段和方式

出版行业职业道德建设是一项十分重要的工作。文章论述了加强出版行业职业道德建设的主要手段和方式,包括将职业道德建设纳入企业文化建设的内容之中,以企业制度建设规范职业道德行为,将职业道德建设与公民道德建设结合起来,营造良性互动的和谐氛围为职业道德建设创造良好环境,开设职业道德教育课程等。     

The long-term prospects of citizens managing urban green space: From place making to place-keeping?

This paper discusses the long-term management or ‘place-keeping’ of urban green space by citizens and highlights enabling and constraining factors that play a crucial role in this continuity. While authorities have historically been in charge of managing public green spaces, there is an increased involvement of citizens in green space management. It is therefore relevant to study how citizens can contribute towards place-keeping and realize a continuity in managing and conserving the qualities of urban green spaces.We contribute to these debates by looking at three European cases characterized by long-term involvement of citizens in place-keeping. We conducted document analysis and interviewing of key informants to study green space management over time. Our analysis highlights what factors have contributed towards the continuity of this management, but also shows challenges and difficulties which citizens have experienced. Based on our fieldwork, we identify three factors of particular relevance for the continuity of place-keeping involving citizens.We found that long-term continuity is supported by a degree of formalization: established rules and procedures within groups provide stability to citizens. We also highlight the importance of adaptive capacity: citizens need to be able to adapt to contextual changes in order to cope with external political, socio-economic and cultural developments over time. The supporting role of authorities was also key in legitimizing and supporting place-keeping by citizens. Authorities can support place-keeping by citizens by providing security via stable policies, formally protecting the involved spaces, allowing long-term management contracts and contributing resources.     

The peri‐urban Pacific: From exclusive to inclusive cities

Abstract: As the Pacific Islands continue to urbanise, existing models of governance and planning are coming under greater pressure and scrutiny. Both the city council approach and the ‘good’ urban governance agenda of donors have weaknesses in the region, especially in dealing with peri‐urban settlements where the most rapid urban population growth is occurring. This is resulting in increased social discontent and conflict. This paper critiques the ways in which Pacific Island towns and cities are governed and calls for an approach which is more inclusive (and less hierarchical) and informed by concepts of citizenship and social justice. Indeed, policy makers will need to broaden their concepts and practices of governance if many Pacific cities are to be socially, politically, and envir‐onmentally sustainable. However, the political‐economy of urban development in the region is not proving conducive to consensus, with conflict a more likely outcome in the foreseeable future.     

西藏农牧民自治知识发育现状分析——以M村的调查为基础

西藏M村的村民自治在特殊生产生活方式的强力规制下,农牧民的自治知识发育缓慢,参与度很低,自身的感受不明显,这必将深刻地影响到村民自治的有效运作与政策目标的达成,进而影响到西藏经济社会持续健康发展和长治久安战略目标的实现。以M村为代表的农牧民自治知识的发育和公民性成长,需要当地县、乡政府认真贯彻落实依法治藏方略,加强基层党组织建设,发挥好政权组织的引导和服务功能,创新社会管理方式,推进基层社会的转型发展,逐步将农牧民培养成为维护稳定的主体和促进发展的主体。     

Agrifood systems for competent, ordinary people. Presidential address: Joint Meetings of the Agricultural, Food and Human Values Society and the Association for the Study of Food and Society, Madison, Wisconsin, June 5–8, 1997

Focusing on the notion of competencies, the address explores important dimensions of human infrastructure for negotiating alternative agrifood systems. The analytical competencies emphasized are those of making connections and evaluating contradictions. Farm structure and food system connections with human health and consumer culture are chosen as examples. Examined in the context of social change strategies, relational competencies focus on new forms of food citizenship involving alternative organizational relationships between farmers, retailers, and customers. Ethical competencies are framed in relationship to the entire food system, to the valuing of non-market goods, and to linkages between ethics and emotions. Finally, aesthetic and spiritual competencies are considered as human capacities to connect agriculture and food with beauty and with sacramental living.     

公民权视角下宅基地退出中农民权益保障研究

从公民权这一视角出发,运用综合分析法、文献资料法与实证研究法,探讨了宅基地退出过程中农民权益受损现状,在分析其受损原因的基础上提出了保障农民权益的对策。结果表明,现行宅基地退出的主要途径是政府主导,退出过程中农民的私人权益、社会权益、政治权益受到侵犯,其原因主要是现行土地制度为政府侵犯农民权益留下空间、地方政府权力受约束不力以及农民自身权利意识淡薄。由此提出了保障农民权益需要重构宅基地制度、优化宅基地利用对策、规范地方政府权力运行以及培育农民权利意识的建议。     

美国公民教育对我国农林高校思想政治教育社会化的启示

介绍了美国公民教育实为客观存在的思想政治教育,分析了美国公民教育的社会化取向及其对我国农林高校思想政治教育社会化的启示。