均质粘性土坝漫顶溃决过程数值模拟研究

大坝一旦失事溃决,对下游造成的生命和财产损失无法估计。溃坝的模拟计算能够为预估溃坝洪水带来的影响,建立下游预警系统,提前制定应急预案提供有效的科学依据,从而能够将洪水灾害造成的影响减少到最小程度。本文在已有溃坝数学模型基础上建立了针对粘性土均质土坝漫顶溃决的计算模型,可对大坝溃决过程、溃坝洪水下泄过程及上游水库水位下降过程进行水力学模拟,在论述其溃坝机理后,结合现场试验实测资料验证了此模型的实用性,对于防灾减灾及大坝失事后果的评价具有重要意义。并为今后溃坝模型的发展提出了建议。     

信息时代高校图书馆的发展困境与突破口

在我国的高等院校中,图书馆由于其自身资源优势而承担着重要的职能。发展我国高等教育和繁荣社会文化事业缺少不了高校图书馆建设。但信息时代,我国高校图书馆面临诸多困境,分析了信息时代我国高校图书馆的发展困境,并提出了走出这些困境的突破口。     

我对这起行政诉讼案件有话要说

《中华人民共和国行政强制法》已于2012年1月1日起施行,对规范行政强制措施有了明确的规定,行政执法人员在实施行政强制措施时必须严格遵循的法定的程序。本文介绍了某行政处罚案件中因执法人员实施行政强制扣押过程中因程序违法,被当事人提起行政诉讼,一审法院不支持其诉求,其已上诉至上级法院,目前尚无有最新情况;阐述了对该行政处罚案中违法实施行政强制措施和对该行政诉讼案的一些分析和看法,并对当前依法行政提出建议。     

电力系统脆性源辨识初探

电力系统的脆性源是电力系统脆性激发的源头,基于直流潮流和分布因子法相结合,提出了快速找到系统脆性源的方法和步骤,并以三母线电力系统脆性源辨识为例,证明了此方法的有效性。     

两种测高器的改良使用

对勃鲁莱测高器不改变仪器本身,只改观测高度值为角度值,变换计算公式,即可避免复杂林地阻碍仪器使用的缺陷,可以任选测点测得树高。对克里斯登测高器只作简易变更,用法不变,即可使观测值精度提高100倍,观测值增加231个,且具有校核作用。经检验,两种测高器精度均达98％以上。     

The role of time preferences in contract breach: Evidence from Chinese poultry farmers participating in contract farming

Farmers’ contract breach behavior is cited as one of the major stumbling blocks in the sustainable expansion of contract farming in many developing countries. This paper examines farmers’ contract breach decisions from the perspective of time preferences. The empirical analysis is based on a household survey and economic field experiments of poultry households participating in contract farming conducted in Jiangsu Province, China. A discounted utility model and a maximum likelihood technique are applied to estimate farmers’ time preferences and the effect of time preferences on contract breach in the production and sales phases are explored with a bivariate probit model. The results show that, on average, the poultry farmers in the sample are generally present biased and impatient regarding future utility. The regression results show that farmers with a higher preference for the present and a higher discount rate are more likely to breach contracts, and time preferences play a greater role in the production phase than in the sales phase. When considering heterogeneity, specific investments and transaction costs promote contract stability only for farmers with a low degree of impatience. Moreover, compared with large-scale farmers, small-scale farmers’ contract breach decisions are more significantly affected by their time preferences. These results have implications for contract stability policies and other issues that are impacted by the linking of behavioral preferences to agricultural decisions.     

Effective working areas of the electro hydraulic power impulse

In order to ascertain the numbers of the electrodes (treatment for the sewage) and forecast the grain size property of the cracked mineral, based on the hypothesis of the equivalent effective volumes of one discharge of electro hydraulic power impulse technology, the formulas are worked out for computing the effective working areas of the two common working modes. The theoretic analysis and the results of the experiments of the treatment of bacillus coil liquid and crushing of quartz ceramic show that the results conform to the formulas relatively, and the precision of the calculated data has relations with the polluted degree of the sewage, the intensity, elasticity and dimension of the solid material, and the formulas for computing the effective working areas are feasible.     

效率违约论

效率违约理论是英美法系合同法关于违约的一个基本理论。该理论体现了违约责任的补偿功能, 不违背道德基础, 并且有助于实现社会财富最大化, 维护个别公平正义。虽然具有个人理性基础的狭隘性和价值目标的单一性等局限, 但效率违约理论的合理性大于其局限性, 适应我国建设社会主义市场经济的需要。我国有必要借鉴该理论的效率原则和经济分析方法来克服我国《合同法》的局限性和改进违约责任理论。     

论侵权责任和违约责任

违约责任和侵权责任是自罗马法以来就已经形成的两类不同性质的民事责任。两种责任的构成要件不同，并有不同的区分标准，二者在特定的情况下会产生责任竞合的问题。传统的法律理论认为，侵权责任中的精神损害赔偿不能扩展到违约责任中，随着经济的发展，为了更好地保护受害方的利益，法学界和法院在一定程度上打破了这一传统原则，允许受害方在某些情况下可以要求违约中的精神损害赔偿。     

昆阳磷矿停采矿区生态重建

介绍世界各国对矿物、石、沙等采区裸露山体缺口生态重建情况以及当前我国对停采矿区生态恢复的要求和昆明市昆阳磷矿采矿区基本情况．论述了昆阳磷矿停采矿区生态重建原则、技术措施．