阀用超磁致伸缩致动器弓张结构静、动态建模与优化

为满足大流量超磁致伸缩电液伺服阀的驱动需要,设计了一种结构紧凑的弓张放大式超磁致伸缩致动器;基于力学基本原理和振动理论知识建立了弓张结构的静、动态模型;分析了弓张结构尺寸参数对其静、动态性能的影响;结合弓张放大式超磁致伸缩致动器应用于电液伺服阀的要求,利用多目标优化法确定了其结构尺寸最佳参数值,并利用有限元法对其静、动态模型进行了验证;设计了弓张放大式超磁致伸缩致动器样机,搭建了实验系统,并进行了静、动态实验。实验结果表明,弓张结构的放大倍数在8.13~8.72间波动,输出端最大位移可达107.9μm,固有频率约为168 Hz,测试所得结果与其静、动态模型计算值基本吻合;通过与优化前的性能相比,弓张结构的静态放大倍数在满足要求的条件下,其动态固有频率提高了55.6%;所设计的弓张放大式超磁致伸缩致动器基本上能够满足伺服阀的驱动要求,证明了该优化设计方法的有效性。     

高效弓箭捕杀鼢鼠技术

采用古代兵器弓箭、弩弓的射杀原理，改造自制成高效弓箭(GXGJ)，结合鼢鼠的生活习性和危害规律捕杀鼢鼠，简单、易行，捕杀准确率在95％以上。     

构造柱施工质量的几项控制措施的一点体会

本文作者介绍了构造柱的设置、施工程序等 ,并且对其施工质量常出现的问题提出了几项控制措施。     

词汇衔接手段与大学英语六级写作

衔接手段是一个语篇连贯的重要条件，在语篇衔接和连贯理论的指导下，分析词汇衔接手段及其在大学英语六级写作中的运用，指出词汇衔接手段的熟练运用是非英语专业考生在大学英语六级考试写作中获得高分的重要条件，因此，在英语写作教学中，教师应注重对词汇衔接手段的介绍及其运用。     

钢管混凝土刚架系杆拱桥的合理形式

通过钢管混凝土刚架系杆拱桥受力性能的研究,为实践工程提供有利指导。主要从以下几个方面进行研究:考察钢管混凝土刚架系杆拱桥结构的受力性能,分析其在恒载、活载作用下的结构内力分布;对钢管混凝土刚架系杆拱桥结构参数,即,拱轴线、系杆力、拱墩刚度比等进行了分析,考察它们对结构内力的影响规律,具有较强的运用价值。     

Case series: Persistent dorsal displacement of the soft palate in eight horses

Persistent dorsal displacement of the soft palate (pDDSP) is a relatively rare equine disorder. This case series reports histories and clinical findings in 8 cases of pDDSP, and outcome after treatment of concurrent epiglottic entrapment (n = 3), laryngeal tie‐forward (n = 6) ± laser staphylectomy (n = 2), and/or sectioning of mucosa ventral to the epiglottis and the hyoepiglotticus muscles (n = 2). Four of 6 horses that underwent tie‐forward ± laser staphylectomy had complete resolution of pDDSP and returned to their previous level of work, as did one horse that had a subepiglottic releasing incision. Correction of concurrent epiglottic entrapment in 3 horses with pDDSP did not result in resolution of pDDSP in any case. Previous laryngeal surgery including laryngoplasty and ventriculocordectomy appear to be risk factors for the development of pDDSP.     

The biomechanical construction of the horse's body and activity patterns of three important muscles of the trunk in the walk,trot and canter

The activity patterns of trunk muscles are commonly neglected, in spite of their importance for maintaining body shape. Analysis of the biomechanics of the trunk under static conditions has led to predictions of the activity patterns. These hypotheses are tested experimentally by surface electromyography (EMG). Five horses, with and without a rider, were examined in the walk, trot and canter. Footfall was synchronised with EMG by an accelerometer. Averages of ten consecutive cycles were calculated and compared by statistical methods. The start and stop times of the muscle activities of 5–10 undisturbed EMG plots were determined and the averages and standard deviations calculated. In walking, muscle activities are minor. Electromyography (EMG) activity was increased in the m. rectus during the three‐limb support. When the bending moments assume their greatest values, for example while the horses' mass is accelerated upward (two times earth acceleration) in the diagonal support phases in trot and canter the m. rectus, connecting the sternum with the pubic bone is most active. The m. obl. externus is most active when the torsional and bending moments are greatest during the same support phases, but not bilaterally, because the forces exerted on one side by the (recorded) m. obl. externus are transmitted on the other side by the (not recorded) m. obl. internus. While the hindlegs touch the ground in the trot and canter, ground reaction forces tend to flex the hip joint and the lumbar spine. Therefore, the vertebral column needs to be stabilised by the ipsilateral m. longissimus dorsi, which in fact can be observed. As a whole, our EMG data confirm exactly what has been predicted by theoretical analysis.     

Racing performance following the laryngeal tie-forward procedure: a case-controlled study

REASONS FOR PERFORMING STUDY: The laryngeal tie-forward procedure (LTFP) is becoming widely used for correction of dorsal displacement of the soft palate (DDSP) despite the absence of an evidence-based assessment of its efficacy. HYPOTHESES: The LTFP returns racing performance to preoperative baseline levels and to that of matched controls; and post operative laryngohyoid position is associated with post operative performance. DESIGN AND POPULATION: Case-controlled study of racehorses undergoing a LTFP for dorsal displacement of the soft palate at Cornell University between October 2002 and June 2007. METHODS: The presence of at least one post operative start and race earnings ($) were used as outcome variables. Controls were matched by age, breed and sex from the third race prior to surgery. A novel radiographic reference system was used to determine laryngohyoid position pre- and post operatively. Data for definitively and presumptively diagnosed cases were analysed separately. RESULTS: During the study interval, 263 racehorses presented, of which 106 were included in the study; 36 had a definitive diagnosis of DDSP and 70 a presumptive diagnosis. Treated horses were equally likely to race post operatively as controls in the equivalent race. Treated horses had significantly lower earnings in the race before surgery than matched controls. The procedure moved the basihyoid bone dorsally and caudally and the larynx dorsally and rostrally. A more dorsal post operative basihyoid position and more dorsal and less rostral laryngeal position were associated with an increased probability of racing post operatively. CONCLUSIONS: Horses undergoing a LTFP are as likely to race post operatively as matched controls. The procedure restores race earnings to preoperative baseline levels and to those of matched controls. POTENTIAL RELEVANCE: This study provides strong evidence supporting the use of the LTFP in racehorses. Further work is needed to determine the relationship between laryngohyoid conformation and nasopharyngeal stability in horses.     

弓齿型滚筒"密疏法"排列的研究

本文研计了适用于半喂入式人力、机动脱粒机弓齿型滚筒的“密疏法”排列方式。     

苏云金芽胞杆菌代谢网络的重构与结构分析

代谢网络的研究是当前的一个新热点,越来越多的证据表明对代谢网络的拓扑结构进行分析有助于理解细胞的行为和生命现象.本研究首先从KEGG数据库中获取了苏云金芽胞杆菌的基因组与所有代谢途径信息,构建了基因-酶以及酶-反应的列表,并参照Ma和zeng所建立的数据库对所得的列表进行必要的修正.然后,用节点表示代谢物,连线表示代谢物之间的反应,即用代谢物图来表示所得的代谢网络,该网络包含了830个节点,1132条连线.随后,基于代谢网络的蝴蝶结结构对该网络进行模块划分并提取了网络的最重要组成部分:巨强连通体.最后,分析了巨强连通体及其10个关键节点的生物学功能意义.