生物超弱发光的光子成像及其检测方法研究

任何有生命的物质,人、动物、植物和微生物等都有一种超弱发光,这是生命体本身所固有的一种属性,而且这种超弱发光的强弱与生命活动能力密切相关,新陈代谢愈旺盛,生命活力愈强,则发光也愈强。为此,介绍了生物超弱发光的基本原理和光子成像探测系统的结构,并且对迄今为止生物超弱发光研究的主要实验结果以及超弱发光的主要检测方法进行了归纳总结。     

ATP发光技术测定辐照前脱水蔬菜和调味品的含菌量

用ATP发光技术测定脱水蔬菜和调味品的初始含菌量,发现脱水蔬菜和调味品中细菌ATP的生物发光强度与其初始含菌量之间显著相关,从样品的制备到获得ATP发光强度结果的检测过程仅需1～2h。该技术可用于辐照灭菌前的微生物检测。     

生物发光法在农产品安全性检测中的应用前景

综述了发光细菌法急性毒性检测、生物发光法基因毒性检测和生物发光ATP法微生物检测等农产品检测方法的特点和实际应用情况,并经过对比指出其中生物发光法作为一种速度快、操作方便、成本低廉的生物监测方法,将在农产品安全快速检测中有广泛的应用前景。     

电磁场对绿豆萌芽的超弱发光和腺苷三磷酸的影响

本文报道了１０００ｖ／ｃｍ，５００ｖ／ｃｍ静电场和０．１Ｔ，０．２Ｔ恒磁场对绿豆萌芽的超弱发光强度以及腺苷三磷酸含量的影响及其机理。     

Growth Complementation of hrpXo Mutants of Xanthomonas oryzae pv. oryzae by Virulent Strains in Rice Cultivars Resistant and Susceptible to the Parental Strain

Xanthomonas oryzae pv. oryzae (X. o. pv. oryzae) T7174 is virulent on rice cultivar IR24 and avirulent on IR-BB2. From recent reports, some virulence and avirulence factors of plant pathogenic bacteria are transferred to plant cells through the hrp-dependent type III secretion system. In this study, we investigated the involvement of hrp genes in the compatible and the incompatible interactions between rice and X. o. pv. oryzae after co-inoculation with hrpXo mutants derived from T7174 and virulent strains. Growth of the mutants, named 74ΔHrpXo and 76ΔHrpXo, was repressed in IR24 when the mutants were applied alone. However, growth of the mutants was complemented by co-inoculation with virulent strains. Growth of bioluminescent hrpXo mutant 76ΔHrpXo in IR24 and its growth in IR-BB2 after co-inoculation with T7133, which is virulent on both cultivars, was equally complemented, as detected by bioluminescence from the mutant. On the other hand, only partial complementation of growth of T7174L76, which is a bioluminescent and pathogenic derivative of T7174, by T7133 was observed in IR-BB2. Thus, growth of the hrpXo mutant of X. o. pv. oryzae was complemented by virulent strains in both susceptible and resistant rice leaves with the parental strain. Received 21 July 2000/ Accepted in revised form 26 October 2000     

益生菌发酵乳无菌提取物对空肠弯曲杆菌flaA σ28启动子的抑制作用（英文）

为了研究益生菌发酵乳无菌提取物对食源性有害微生物(空肠弯曲杆菌)有毒基因表达的抑制作用,以利用空肠弯曲杆菌的有毒基因flaA σ28启动子和无启动子的质粒pRYluxCDABE联结构建的生物冷光转基因模型为试验材料,通过检测生物发光特性的方法,研究了空肠弯曲杆菌有毒基因flaA表达与益生菌(5种双岐杆菌,6种乳酸杆菌)发酵乳无菌提取物之间的关系。结果表明,益生菌发酵乳无菌提取物对空肠弯曲杆菌flaA σ28启动子的活性有显著的抑制作用(P<0.05),并可显著抑制空肠弯曲杆菌有害基因flaA的表达。     

Use of bioluminescent Salmonella enterica serovar Enteriditis to determine penetration in tumbled and hand-tumbled marinated chicken breast fillets

Migration of bacteria into tumbled chicken breast fillets was investigated using a bioluminescent strain of Salmonella Enteriditis. Tumbling (6 rpm; 0 to 30 min) resulted in the introduction of bacteria into the muscle interior at every time period measured and at a higher frequency (72%) than marination (38%; samples placed in brine, and manually turned every 2 to 3 min) alone. The frequency of penetration was greatest after 20 min for the marinated meat and after 30 min for the tumbled chicken breast fillets. The results illustrate the usefulness of the bioluminescent method to track bacterial migration and compare processes such as tumbling and marinating.     

生物发光与生物超微弱发光

生物超微弱发光现象普遍存在于动、植物体内，它提供了生命有机体代谢反应及能量转化的重要信息，本文介绍了生物发光的类型和超微弱发光的作用机制，生物体超弱发光被认为主要是脂类氧化时过氧化自由基复合时产生光子，发光为体内综合代谢反应，其分子机制正在研究之中。     

Infection routes of Aeromonas salmonicida in rainbow trout monitored in vivo by real‐time bioluminescence imaging

Recent development of imaging tools has facilitated studies of pathogen infections in vivo in real time. This trend can be exemplified by advances in bioluminescence imaging (BLI), an approach that helps to visualize dissemination of pathogens within the same animal over several time points. Here, we employ bacterial BLI for examining routes of entry and spread of Aeromonas salmonicida susbp. salmonicida in rainbow trout. A virulent Danish A. salmonicida strain was tagged with pAKgfplux1, a dual‐labelled plasmid vector containing the mutated gfpmut3a gene from Aequorea victoria and the luxCDABE genes from the bacterium Photorhabdus luminescens. The resulting A. salmonicida transformant exhibited growth properties and virulence identical to the wild‐type A. salmonicida, which made it suitable for an experimental infection, mimicking natural conditions. Fish were infected with pAKgfplux1 tagged A. salmonicida via immersion bath. Colonization and subsequent tissue dissemination was followed over a 24‐h period using the IVIS spectrum imaging workstation. Results suggest the pathogen's colonization sites are the dorsal and pectoral fin and the gills, followed by a progression through the internal organs and an ensuing exit via the anal opening. This study provides a tool for visualizing colonization of A. salmonicida and other bacterial pathogens in fish.