Decreased transport of orally administered protein into the blood circulation of developing juveniles of Japanese eel Anguilla japonica

ABSTRACT: To clarify the quantitative changes in the transport of orally intubated protein into the blood circulation as macromolecules in development, immunoglobulin Y (IgY) extracted from chicken eggs was administered orally to juvenile Japanese eel, Anguilla japonica . For the first experiment, which was performed before the commencement of artificial feeding, the oral delivery of 2.0 μg/0.1 g bodyweight of IgY resulted in a rapid increase in plasma IgY to a maximum of 2.30 μg/mL. However, the transport of IgY into the blood decreased significantly in the experiments that followed, which were performed after 12, 25 and 42 days. During this period, bodyweight increased approximately by a factor of eight, and rapid growth of the stomach was observed histologically. Possible contributions for the development of the alimentary canal to the diminishment of intestinal protein assimilation are discussed.     

羊消化道寄生虫种类及防治措施

羊消化道的寄生虫病较多,不仅能不同程度地影响羊只的生长发育,降低生产性能,严重的还能造成羊只死亡,对养羊业危害较为严重。笔者概述了羊消化道寄生虫种类及不同地区、季节、年龄羊消化道寄生虫的感染情况,并介绍不同羊消化道寄生虫常用的驱虫药及防治策略。     

海水鱼消化道菌群结构研究进展

从海水鱼消化道结构、消化道菌群结构、消化道菌群功能及消化道菌群结构研究手段等几个方面综述了海水鱼消化道菌群结构的研究进展。指出海水鱼消化道菌群结构受到生长发育阶段、养殖环境及饵料变化等因素的影响。论述了正常消化道菌群的重要功能,比较分析了目前消化道菌群结构不同研究手段,阐明了消化道微生物分子生态学研究的学术价值。为筛选高效、专一性、可定植性的海水鱼益生菌奠定了基础。     

高原牛羊胃肠道线虫驱治模式研究

根据高原地区＂春乏＂期间,牛、羊因胃肠道线虫病引起死亡严重的突出情况,自列项目,在全州范围划为三大区域,以项目区为中心,在牛、羊发病率和死亡率相对高的乡（镇）、村设点,将93330头（只）牛、羊分为三个组,作为高原地区牛、羊胃肠道线虫病防治技术模块,结果3个试验组用药前胃肠道寄生虫感染率均为100%,早晨在放牧前投喂赛爱吉夏结、克虫特和丙硫苯咪唑等药物后,7 d粪检EPG,虫卵转阴率和虫卵减少数均为100%。间隔7 d重复驱虫1次,防治效果显著。有计划的用驱虫药丙硫咪唑,克虫特、伊维菌素。在每年春季2~3月,秋季8~9月份进行两次驱虫。可提高牛、羊有机体的免疫力,降低牛、羊胃肠道线虫病的发病率和死亡率,减轻对养殖业的危害。     

CONTRAST RADIOGRAPHY OF THE OVINE GASTROINTESTINAL TRACT

Contrast radiography of the alimentary canal was conducted in six adult sheep with barium sulfate (70% W/V, 25–30 ml/kg). A period of 12 hours was adequate for opacification of most parts of the gastrointestinal tract. The presence of contrast medium in different parts of the alimentary canal was noted for as long as 60 hours. The right lateral view was adequate for visualization of most structures, but the typical laminar mucosal pattern of the omasum and the spiral mucosal folds of the abomasum were demonstrated better on the ventrodorsal view.     

Complex Carbohydrates Occurring in the Digestive Apparatus of Umbrina Cirrosa (L.) Fry

The glycosoaminoglycans in the digestive apparatus of immature fish have important biological functions and are involved in morphofunctional differentiation. The aim of this study was to investigate the glycoconjugate histochemistry in the different parts of the digestive apparatus (oesophagus, stomach, intestine) of Umbrina cirrosa (L.) fry using classical histochemical reactions (periodic acid-Schiff, Alcian blue pH 2.5, Alcian blue/periodic acid-Schiff, high iron diamine, low iron diamine) in conjunction with glycolytic digestions that degrade different classes of glycosoaminoglycans. No differences were observed in the reactivity to conventional histochemical staining of the oesophagus, stomach or intestine among 27-, 34- or 44-day-old fry. In the oesophagus, the mucopolysaccharides contained chondroitin sulphates B and A and/or C, heparan sulphate and chondroitin. In the stomach, only neutral glycoconjugates were revealed, whereas in the intestine there were only chondroitin sulphates. Some differences in the type and content of glycoconjugates were found in Umbrina cirrosa (L.) fry compared to those of adult subjects, probably related to different dietary habits and to changes in the environmental conditions.     

消化道上皮细胞中乳酸杆菌黏附配体蛋白含量的变化

利用兔抗鸡乳酸杆菌黏附配体蛋白血清,以不连续活性-PAGE电泳技术和间接ELISA方法,对不同日龄、健康和患球虫病鸡消化道不同部位乳酸杆菌黏附配体蛋白含量进行了检测。结果表明,2日龄鸡嗉囊部位产生乳酸杆菌黏附配体蛋白成分,D450nm值为0.181;1日龄鸡小肠部位产生乳酸杆菌黏附配体蛋白成分,D450nm值为0.168;5日龄乳酸杆菌黏附配体蛋白成分达到稳定,D450nm值分别为0.200和0.123。健康鸡体内嗉囊与小肠部位乳酸杆菌黏附配体蛋白含量比患球虫病鸡明显增多,D450nm值分别为：嗉囊,0.143和0.132;小肠,0.148和0.134。     

犬静脉胆道造影术

对健康成龄本地犬20只分5组进行了39次静脉胆道造影。分别缓慢(3～4mL/min)静注胆影葡胺0.2、0.4、0.6、0.8和1.0mL/kg,于注药后20、30、40、60、120和180min分别摄取胆区X线照片。结果,注药后20min,72％的胆囊开始显影,60min时,显影率达100％;造影剂剂量以0.4～0.8mL/kg为宜,以此剂量注入后120min,胆囊显影良好者达97％,180min达100％。当剂量在0.4mL/kg体重以上时,胆管显影率为59％。饲喂缩胆剂后1～2h左右胆囊收缩到最大限度。     

An investigation into the role of Chlamydophila spp. in bovine upper respiratory tract disease

An outbreak of upper respiratory tract disease was investigated in a group of 17 housed home-bred calves on a mixed dairy, beef and sheep farm in Devon. Conjunctival swabs were collected and tested for Chlamydophila spp. DNA using a PCR test that detects Chlamydophila abortus and Chlamydophila psittaci. Six of the calves tested gave a positive result. Further epidemiological observations and laboratory testing indicated that the adult dairy cows, from which the affected calves originated, were the most likely source of infection.