Effect of prebiotic or probiotic supplementation and ileo rectal anastomosis on intestinal morphology of weaned piglets

Forty eight 21 days old piglets were used to compare the effect of prebiotic or probiotic supplementation and ileo rectal anastomosis on the morphology of the small intestine. Half of the piglets were maintained intact and the other half was subjected to an ileo rectal anastomosis (IRA). Each group of piglets received one of the following diets: 1) basal diet (C), 2) basal diet supplemented with a Xylo-oligosaccharide (XOS), 3) basal diet supplemented with a Saccharomyces cerevisiae (SC) and 4) basal diet supplemented with XOS and SC. Villus height was greatest with XOS and with XOS + SC, only in the ileum, as compared to controls. In the duodenum, crypt width was highest in the control group, but no significant differences were found in the jejunum and ileum. The IRA piglets had longer villi in the jejunum and shorter villi in the ileum. The crypt depth was greater in the duodenum and in the ileum of IRA piglets. Villus height/crypt depth was lower in the duodenum and in the ileum, in the IRA piglets. In conclusion, the XOS, but not the SC, moderately modified the intestinal morphology. The IRA modified the intestinal villus and crypt architecture but its consequence on the absorption of nutrients needs to be investigated.     

寡木糖对蛋鸡生产性能与蛋品质的影响

本试验研究寡木糖对海兰蛋鸡生产性能与蛋品质的影响。将2376羽海兰褐壳蛋鸡(297日龄)随机分为试验组和对照组,每组设6个重复,每个重复198羽。对照组饲喂基础日粮;试验组饲喂添加寡木糖的日粮,每吨基础日粮中添加寡木糖150g。结果表明:试验组蛋重(61.90g)比对照组蛋重(59.25g)提高4.47%,差异显著(P<0.05);试验组产蛋率(81.02%)比对照组产蛋率(77.09%)提高5.1%,差异极显著(P<0.01);试验组成活率(97.87%)比对照组(91.99%)提高6.39%,差异显著(P<0.05);试验组和对照组平均每只蛋鸡日耗料量分别为102.72g和101.79g,差异不显著(P>0.05);试验组和对照组蛋壳厚度、哈夫单位、蛋黄色泽分别为0.37mm和0.36mm、75.01和73.83、6.1和5.97,差异均不显著(P>0.05)。结果表明在蛋鸡基础日粮中添加寡木糖能显著提高蛋鸡生产性能,但对蛋品质没有明显影响。     

Microbial activity in the gut of piglets: I. Effect of prebiotic and probiotic supplementation

Four groups of six 21 days-old piglets were used to evaluate the effect of a prebiotic or probiotic on the intestinal fermentative activity. In each group, piglets received one of the following diets: basal diet (C); basal diet supplemented with xylo-oligosaccharide (C-XOS); basal diet supplemented with Saccharomyces cerevisiae (C-SC); and basal diet supplemented with xylo-oligosaccharide and S. cerevisiae (C-XOS + SC).

The short chain fatty acids in the colon of piglets were decreased with the inclusion of S. cerevisiae in the diet (P < 0.01). The xylanolytic activity was higher (P < 0.05) in the small intestine of piglets fed C-XOS + SC diet, but no significant differences were found in the caecum and colon. In the caecum contents, the cellulolytic activity was increased (P < 0.05) by the C-XOS and C-SC diets, but remained similar when the diet was supplemented with the two additives combined.     

低聚木糖对断奶仔猪生产性能·腹泻率·抗氧化性能的影响

[目的]研究不同剂量的低聚木糖对断奶仔猪生长性能、腹泻率以及血清和肝脏抗氧化性能的影响。[方法]选用72头35日龄、初重(10.14±0.15)kg的杜长大三元杂交仔猪分成4组各组日粮分别为基础日粮(对照组)、基础日粮+100 mg/kg低聚木糖(试验Ⅰ组)、200 mg/kg(试验Ⅱ组)和400 mg/kg(试验Ⅲ组),研究不同剂量低聚木糖对断奶仔猪生长性能、腹泻率以及血清和肝脏抗氧化性能的影响。[结果]与对照组相比,日粮中添加200和400 mg/kg低聚木糖能显著降低断奶仔猪的料重比(P0.05)。添加低聚木糖能够显著降低仔猪的腹泻率(P0.05)。添加低聚木糖还能够显著提高仔猪血清总抗氧化能力(T-AOC)、肝脏中超氧化物歧化酶(SOD)和过氧化氢酶(CAT)的活力(P0.05),显著降低血清和肝脏中丙二醛(MDA)含量(P0.05),以200 mg/kg低聚木糖的效果最佳。[结论]该研究可为低木糖在畜禽生产中的应用提供试验依据。     

低聚木糖对淮南麻鸡的生长性能和免疫器官的影响

研究了在玉米-豆粕基础日粮中,添加低聚木糖对淮南麻鸡生长性能和免疫器官的影响。结果表明：添加低聚木糖能提高21～42d淮南麻鸡的体重（P〉0．05）,能极显著降低料重比（P〈0．01）;能提高免疫器官的相对重量,其中法氏囊的相对重量达到了极显著的水平（P〈0．01）。低聚木糖最适添加剂量为150mg／kg。     

低聚木糖对仔猪生产性能和肠道微生物影响的研究

(目的)本试验旨在研究添加不同梯度低聚木糖对仔猪生产性能和肠道微生物的影响。(方法)试验选取35±2日龄体型基本一致的断奶仔猪300头,随机分为5个处理,每个处理6个重复。处理1为对照组(饲喂基础日粮),处理2、3、4、5分别在基础日粮的基础上添加50 mg/kg、100 mg/kg、150 mg/kg、200 mg/kg低聚木糖。(结果)结果表明,日粮中添加不同水平的低聚木糖,可降低仔猪的腹泻率(p<0.05),同时对仔猪的平均日增重(ADG)、平均日采食量(ADFI)、料重比(F/G)也有所改善但差异不显著(p>0.05)。低聚木糖添加组明显增加了乳酸菌的含量(p<0.05),对乳酸菌/沙门氏菌,乳酸菌/大肠杆菌比值有明显的改善作用(p<0.05),乳酸菌/对芽胞杆菌没有显著差异(p>0.05)。(结论)试验结果证明,低聚木糖对仔猪的生产性能有提高的趋势,可以增加仔猪肠道有益菌的数目,维持肠道微生物平衡。