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本文研究了厌氧消化物(沼液和沼渣)对西瓜生长和西瓜枯萎病的影响。用沼液浸种,浓度为0.5%~5%时均可提高发芽率,以2%沼液与8小时浸泡时间为最佳组合,大于5%时降低发芽率。用沼渣与土壤混合,比例为1:5,1:7,1:10时西瓜生长的各项指标均高于对照,以1:5为最佳;1:3时各项指标与对照相差不多;1:2时各项指标低于对照。沼渣与土壤混合后可抑制西瓜枯萎病,沼渣用量越大抑制作用越明显。当比例为1:7,1:5,1:3时,防效分别为18%,58%和86%。病害发生后用沼液灌根可阻止西瓜枯萎病发展,但没有治疗作用。 相似文献
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近几年来,江苏省盐城市亭湖区西环路及省道331两侧的金森女贞出现大面积枯死,重害地块植株枯死率超过80%,为了寻找诱发植株枯死的原因,系统地对重害地块及正常地块的土壤养分、土壤理化性质、浇灌用水化学性质与地下水化学性质等环境因素进行了取样分析。结果表明,诱发植株枯死的主要原因为移栽施工时浇灌用水的含盐量过高。通过单因子试验发现,去除钵壳、搭防晒网遮阳、适当浅植、下雨后及时除草松土能显著提高成活率,移植时用100~500 mg/L的Fe-SO4溶液浇灌1~2次,能进一步提高成活率。 相似文献
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乌龙茶机械萎凋工艺参数 总被引:3,自引:0,他引:3
以黄品种鲜叶为原料,采用6CLW-10型茶叶连续萎凋机进行乌龙茶萎凋试验,并通过生产验证。结果表明,萎凋温度为35℃,萎凋时间为15—20min,萎凋程度以鲜叶失水率为7%—10%(最好控制在8%左右),能获得较好的品质,且香气最佳。该机适于不同品种乌龙茶萎凋,台时150—25Okg鲜叶,与传统工艺比较,茶叶品质一般可提高0.5—1.0等级。 相似文献
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E.S. Rosenblum T.T. Robbins B.B. Scott S. Nelson C. Juhasz A. Craigmill R.S. Tjeerdema J.D. Moore C.S. Friedman 《Aquaculture (Amsterdam, Netherlands)》2008,277(3-4):138-148
Oxytetracycline (OTC) was recently demonstrated to be an effective therapeutant for California red abalone (Haliotis rufescens) infected with the agent of withering syndrome (WS), a Rickettsia-like prokaryote (WS-RLP). This study examined the influence of temperature on the efficacy and pharmacokinetics of oral OTC treatments on WS-RLP infected red abalone, H. rufescens. Medication was administered in an artificial diet containing 1.85% active OTC at a rate of 103.4 mg/kg abalone for 10, 20 and 30 days at both 13.4 °C and 17.3 °C. Drug residue concentrations, WS-RLP burden and WS-associated pathological changes within foot muscle and digestive gland were measured 3, 17, 23, 42, 63, 81, 102, 122, and 160 days after OTC treatment. In all samples the highest concentrations of OTC were detected on the first sample day. Furthermore, all sampling periods showed significantly less OTC in foot muscle samples relative to corresponding digestive gland samples (p < 0.001). While drug depuration occurred rapidly from foot muscle, unusually high concentrations and long depuration times were measured within the digestive gland. The pharmacokinetic trends in both the foot muscle and digestive gland at 13.4 °C were adequately described by a one-compartment model, while the digestive gland depuration models within the 17.3 °C treatments conformed to a two-compartment model. At both temperatures treatment duration gave rise to significant differences in OTC accumulation and depletion (p < 0.001). Despite this, terminal elimination rate constants were similar. Estimated half-lives were similar among all treatments for digestive gland (23.8–27.5 d) and all treatments for the foot muscle at 13.4 °C (10.7–13.4 d; calculated only for the 13.4 °C treatments). At both temperatures all three durations of drug treatment led to significant reductions in WS-RLP prevalence, foot muscle atrophy, and mortality. WS-RLP re-challenge trials initiated 44, 88, and 122 days following the 10-day treatment at 17.3 °C showed reduced susceptibility to re-infection for up to 88 days after treatment, suggesting that digestive gland OTC residues confer long-term resistance to pathogen. Atomic absorption spectroscopy conducted on both foot muscle and digestive gland found significantly higher concentrations of iron, zinc, and manganese in the digestive gland, offering an explanation behind the underlying mechanism of OTC retention for extended periods within this tissue. 相似文献
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播期对四川小麦分蘖发生、消亡及成穗特性的影响 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
为探讨四川小麦分蘖发生、消亡与成穗规律,了解穗数形成的制约因子,在四川两个典型小麦生态区(川西平原区和川中丘陵区),以主推品种川麦104(春性)和半冬性品种川农30为材料,通过定点调查茎蘖动态,以及定株调查分蘖发生、消亡时间和叶位,研究过早播(10月16日)、早播(10月23日)、适播(10月30日)、晚播(11月6日)下小麦的分蘖成穗特性。结果表明,四川小麦分蘖发生一般持续50d左右,分蘖发生数量少且低位分蘖缺位多。平原区(温江点)小麦第1叶位分蘖发生率为61%~80%,丘陵区(仁寿点)为13%~60%;第2叶位分蘖发生率在两生态点分别为63%~98%和45%~83%;第3、第4叶位以及二级分蘖很少发生。川麦104单株分蘖数(1.4~2.4个)显著低于川农30(1.6~2.9个)。四川小麦分蘖消亡持续时间长,从拔节一直持续到开花,分蘖消亡率高达50%以上,花后也还有8.0%~19.4%的分蘖消亡,其中川麦104分蘖消亡各期(拔节-孕穗、孕穗-抽穗、抽穗-开花)比较均衡,川农30分蘖消亡集中在孕穗-抽穗阶段(占总消亡率的43.9%)。四川小麦分蘖成穗率低,平原区和丘陵区分别为27.7%~48.8%和9.0%~19.4%,其中平原区第1、2叶位分蘖成穗率分别为65.0%和50.2%,丘陵区分别34.8%和24.4%。10月23日左右是利于丘陵区小麦分蘖成穗、高产的适宜播期,平原区还可提前到10月16日左右。 相似文献