武汉市桔梗科一物种新记录——卵叶异檐花

报道了武汉市外来入侵植物新记录一种,为桔梗科Campanulaceae异檐花属Triodanis卵叶异檐花Triodanis perfoliata subsp.biflora(Ruiz et Pavon)Lammers。卵叶异檐花原产于美洲,在武汉地区是首次发现,凭证标本保存于长江文明馆(武汉自然博物馆)。     

大别山-桐柏山地区杀虫性植物资源调查初报

大别山、桐柏山属于亚热带向暖温带过渡地气候 ,是植物区系的交接过渡地带 ,既有亚热带典型的代表型 ,又体现着过渡性的特征。能产生具有杀虫活性的次生代谢产物的植物即杀虫性植物。通过广泛调查、采集与鉴定 ,大别山—桐柏山地区分布有杀虫性植物 72科 138种     

临夏地区的野生果树种质资源

作者1984—1986年在自治州全境进行调查。基本查明,临夏地区分布有53种野生果树,分别隶属于13科26属。其中木本50种,草本3种;蔷薇科野果最多,有31种,占58.5％。对19种主要野果的糖、酸、维生素C、氨基酸及钙、磷、钾、镁、铁、铜、锌、钼等无机盐和微量元素进行了分析。其中维生素C含量在500mg/100g以上的有8种。特别是西北蔷薇(Rosa davidii Crep),其果实的维生素C含量高达2354 mg/100g,为传统水果的数十至数百倍,远高于沙棘和猕猴桃。此外,并含有人体必需的多种氨基酸和矿物质,是一种高营养野果。它分布广泛,蕴藏量较大,具有很高的开发利用价值。     

梨菇的化学成分分析

对江西赣南北部林区的野生裂菇进行了化学成分分析，结果表明，它含金属元素15种、粗蛋白含量达27．52％、氨基酸含量达23．98％，是一种很优秀的野生食用菌。     

中国葡萄野生种对葡萄根癌病的抗性

通过田间接种鉴定，系统研究了中国葡萄属１３个种和变种的２６个株系对葡萄根癌病的抗性，筛选出高抗株系１０个。其中燕山葡萄（♀）因扦插容易生根，可用自根苗作为抗葡萄根癌病砧木进行嫁接试验，其余可用作抗葡萄根癌病的育种资源     

吉林黄牛引入牦牛血液杂交改良效果

采用含有1／2野牦牛血液的冻精为吉林当地10头黄牛输配。结果，受配牛妊娠率为100％，产犊成活率为100％，杂种后代牛在采食性能、抗寒暑能力及生长速度方面都优于本地黄牛。初步表明利用含1／2野牦牛血液的冻精改良本地黄牛有较强的种间杂种优势，可为生产利用。     

影响老瓜头泌蜜量主导因素的研究

老瓜头自然分布于沙漠地带。在老瓜头开花期,天气变化无常。我们研究了对老瓜头泌蜜量起关键影响作用的气象因子。根据当地气候的变化规律进行预测预报,指导养蜂者正确选择场地,以夺取老瓜头蜜高产。     

《蒙古秘史》中的野生食用植物研究

经考证,在《蒙古秘史》中的植物古蒙古名称中,有山荆子、稠李、地榆、鹅绒委陵菜、葱、山韭、山丹和野韭等８种野生食用植物。植物区系及地理分布的研究表明,这些植物在十二世纪蒙古人所采集的地点,即现在的蒙古国肯特山脉地区仍有广泛分布。从民族植物学的研究看,它们在蒙古族民间被用于代粮、野菜、茶用、药用和调味品,比过去的利用有了很大的发展,已成为独特的植物利用文化。本文不仅对蒙古学研究能够提供可靠的依据,而且对寻找新的食用植物种类及其开发利用研究也提供了一些基本资料。     

Periodicity and gradients in dispersal ofAlternaria linicola in linseed crops

Conidia ofAlternaria linicola produced on infected linseed crops were mainly dispersed by wind. The numbers of conidia in the air above linseed crops collected by a Burkard spore sampler were greatest between 1200 h and 1300 h, when the relative humidity was lowest. Although numbers of conidia collected decreased with increasing height within and above the crop canopy, air-borneA. linicola conidia were present up to 80 cm above the crop canopy. Conidia ofA. linicola were transported by wind up to at least 40 m downwind from an artificial line inoculum source, but their numbers decreased with increasing distance from the source. In 1991, 1992, and 1993, the dispersal ofA. linicola conidia above linseed crops followed a seasonal periodicity which was influenced by weather conditions and cultural practices. The greatest numbers of conidia were collected during July, August and early September and coincided with periods favourable for sporulation and with an increase in the incidence of the disease in the senescent crop. Air-borneA. linicola conidia produced on point or line inoculum sources (naturally infected linseed stem debris) were responsible for the spread of the disease in linseed crops. In 1992 and 1993, the disease was first detected downwind from the sources, but by the end of the growing seasons, it had spread in all directions and up to 20 m and 60 m from the sources, respectively. Disease gradients were initially steep near the inoculum sources but they became flatter with time due to the secondary spread of the disease.