不同投饵密度对卤虫高密度养殖的影响

[目的]探讨一种用卤虫生物量百分比投饵进行卤虫高密度养殖的方法。[方法]用酵母作饵料,按卤虫体重的5%、7.5%、10.0%、12.5%比例投饵进行不换水卤虫高密度（1×104/L）养殖试验,研究不同投饵密度对卤虫高密度养殖透明度和生长发育的影响。[结果]5.0%卤虫生物量饵料密度组卤虫仅存活13 d,7.5%卤虫生物量饵料密度组卤虫仅存活14 d,10.0%卤虫生物量饵料密度以上组卤虫能存活至试验结束（17 d）。各饵料密度组间卤虫存活率随饵料密度增加而逐渐增加（P〈0.01）。卤虫体长随饵料密度的增加而逐渐增加（P〈0.01）。随着饵料密度的增加,卤虫体重逐渐增加。10.0%、12.5%卤虫生物量的投饵量为不换水卤虫高密度养殖可行饵料密度,12.5%卤虫生物量组比10.0%卤虫生物量组效果较好,但最终存活率和饵料系数均比10.0%组差。[结论]该研究为卤虫高密度养殖提供基本技术。     

视频显微扫描技术在稻米垩白研究中的应用

利用视频显微扫描技术，结合计算机图形分析，精确考察了垩白分布不同的4个DH株系及其双亲的垩白大小，构建了单粒稻米垩白大小的检测体系；同时还对6个早稻品系的透明度和垩白大小的测定进行了比较，初步探讨了视频显微技术在稻米垩白分析中的应用。     

Bounded transparency for automated inspection in agriculture

In agriculture, a major challenge is to automate knowledge-intensive tasks. Task-performing software is often opaque, which has a negative impact on a system’s adaptability and on the end user’s understanding and trust of the system’s operation. A more transparent, declarative way of specifying the expert knowledge required in such software is needed.We argue that a white-box approach is in principle preferred over systems in which the applied expertise is hidden in the system code. Internal transparency makes it easier to adapt the system to new conditions and to diagnose faulty behaviour. At the same time, explicitness comes at a price and is always bounded by practical considerations. Therefore we introduce the notion of bounded transparency, implying a balanced decision between transparency and opaqueness. The method proposed in this paper provides a set of pragmatic objectives and decision criteria to decide on each level of a task’s decomposition whether more transparency is sensible or whether delegation to a black-box component is acceptable.We apply the proposed method in a real-world case study involving a computer vision application for seedling inspection in horticulture and show how bounded transparency is obtained. We conclude that the proposed method offers structure to the application designer in making substantiated implementation decisions.     

南方红豆杉扦插繁殖技术研究——Ⅲ.叶面肥与透光度对扦插苗生长的影响

试验研究叶面肥和透光度对南方红豆杉扦插苗生长的影响结果表明,喷施叶面肥对扦插苗生长和叶绿素含量的影响呈正效应,而透光度的影响则呈负效应,且前者效应大于后者。喷施叶面肥和未喷施叶面肥处理间扦插苗新梢长、苗鲜物质量和根鲜物质量及叶绿素含量间差异均达显著水平;且喷施叶面肥处理40%与80%透光度间以上指标差异达显著水平,40%与60%透光度间或60%与80%透光度间差异仅部分指标差异显著;而未喷施叶面肥处理透光度对扦插苗叶绿素含量的影响仅部分处理间有明显差异,但不足以导致扦插苗生长量的显著差异。     

Landowner Willingness to Engage in Long-Term Timber Leases in West Virginia,USA

As global competition increases for wood-based products, the need for more efficient supply chains becomes increasingly important. In the forest products sector, these supply chains involve individuals and firms ranging from private forestland owners with standing timber to factories producing final finished products. Long-term timber leases are one mechanism that can be used to develop access to timber supplies for companies unable or unwilling to purchase land outright for growing timber. To investigate private forest owner opinions and attitudes regarding long-term timber leases, we conducted a survey of landowners from Wetzel county, West Virginia. No long-term leases were reported by respondents, but 24% claimed they would enter a lease under certain conditions. The most frequently listed concern related to long-term timber leases was for the “loss of control”. Results of this survey are discussed in the light of forest management efforts that might be used to improve the social, financial, and environmental benefits for private forest owners.     

不同澄清剂对罗汉果保健酒澄清效果的影响

[目的]选择适合罗汉果保健酒澄清的澄清剂。[方法]以不同浓度的蛋清、明胶、酪蛋白为单一澄清剂,明胶＋单宁、蛋清＋交联聚乙烯比咯烷酮（PVPP）为复合澄清剂,研究各澄清剂对罗汉果保健酒的色度、透光度和酒脚高度的影响。[结果]130mg／L的明胶、100mg／L的蛋清、250mg／L的酪蛋白、（100＋80）mg／L的明胶＋单宁、（60＋75）mg／L的蛋清＋PVPP的澄清效果较好。其中,澄清效果大小依次为蛋清＋PVPP〉酪蛋白〉明胶＋单宁〉明胶〉蛋清。[结论]该研究为罗汉果保健酒的开发和利用提供了参考。     

鄱阳湖透明度遥感反演及其时空变化研究

通过对鄱阳湖实测光谱的特征分析,结合透明度野外量测,利用MODIS影像分期统计回归方法反演得到透明度信息和分析其时空变化。研究结果表明：红光和近红外波段是反演水质参数透明度的敏感波段,鄱阳湖丰水期、平水期和枯水期透明度变化较大,呈逐渐减小的趋势,与实测数据吻合。利用该遥感模型可以实现大面积鄱阳湖透明度实时动态监测的目的。     

Phoslock应用于滇池富营养化水体污染净化的研究

Phoslock是一种改性土壤产品,它能有效净化水体中的可溶性磷酸盐,从而达到有效控制水体富营养化的目的。开展Phoslock应用于滇池富营养化水体污染净化的现场示范试验,并对其净化效果进行研究。结果表明,Phoslock对滇池水体中可溶性磷酸盐的去除效果好,能有效控制水体富营养化。Phoslock不仅能快速降低水体中可溶性磷酸盐浓度,也能在相对长的一段时期内保持其处于较低水平。经Phoslock处理后的滇池富营养化水体,透明度较高,且水体中可溶性磷酸盐和总磷浓度都处于较低水平,且对生活污水、农业面源污染等外源污染物的抗污染负荷能力较强,可见,Phoslock是一种对自然水体安全、对水生生物无害的新型污水除磷试剂。     

氧化淀粉的制备

[目的]对影响氧化淀粉羧基含量的各个因素进行系统考察。[方法]以马铃薯淀粉为原料,次氯酸钠作氧化剂制备氧化淀粉。并对最佳工艺条件下制备的最终产品的羟基含量、白度、透明度及黏度进行测定。[结果]制备马铃薯淀粉的最佳工艺条件为：pH值为8.0,温度为40℃,次氯酸钠用量（有效氯用量）为2%,反应时间为8 h。[结论]试验得到的氧化淀粉具有羧基含量低,白度较好,透明度较高,黏度较低的特点。     

羟丙基-酶解木薯淀粉性质及其在速冻汤圆中的应用研究

以木薯淀粉为原料合成了羟丙基-酶解木薯淀粉,通过对制备的羟丙基-酶解木薯淀粉的透明度、冻融稳定性测定,得到羟丙基-酶解淀粉与羟丙基醚化淀粉相比透明度有了一定的提高,并且随着水解DE值的升高,淀粉产品的透明度不断提高,与原淀粉相比,冻融稳定性得到明显的增强.通过乳化性和乳化稳定性的测定,得到羟丙基-酶解木薯淀粉的乳化稳定性较高.通过添加羟丙基-酶解淀粉在汤圆中进行应用试验,得到该复合改性淀粉可作为汤圆面粉的改良剂提高速冻汤圆的感官质量,尤其是在改善汤圆的形态、外观、口感和汤特性4个方面效果明显.