水稻耐寒恢复系科恢36的选育与应用

科恢36是重庆师范大学以明恢63/泰引1号(9)//糯89-1(♂)杂交选育而成的水稻新恢复系,具有耐冷性强、恢复力强、花粉量充足等特点,2013年通过重庆市技术鉴定,所配组合冈优36(冈46A/科恢36)于2012年通过重庆市品种审定.     

西葫芦新品种‘京葫36’的选育

‘京葫36’是北京市农林科学院蔬菜研究中心育成的耐寒、适宜长季节栽培的越冬温室专用西葫芦杂交1代新品种,父母本分别为‘07754’和‘0421’。该品种长势旺盛、生长期长、耐低温弱光、株型合理、通风透光性好;低温弱光条件下连续结瓜能力强,瓜码密、产量高,采瓜期可达200 d以上;商品瓜长23~24 cm,粗6~7 cm,瓜条长柱形、粗细均匀,颜色翠绿,光泽度好,品质佳,商品性突出。适合北方越冬温室与春秋大棚种植。2014年5月通过山西省农作物品种审定委员会认定;2017年获得植物新品种权保护。     

CD36/Src/ERK pathway is involved in process of monocyte differentiation into macrophages

AIM To investigate the role of fatty acid translocase (FAT/CD36) on differentiation of monocytes to macrophages. METHODS Human monocyte THP-1 cells were treated with phorbol 12-myristate 13-acetate (PMA) at 0, 100 and 200 μg /L. Small interfering RNA (siRNA) targeting CD36 (siCD36) was employed to knock down the expression of CD36 in THP-1 cells. The CD36 over-expression (CD36OE) cell line was constructed by transfection with a recombinant lentivirus containing CD36 cDNA. Optical microscopy and crystal violet staining were used to detect the monocyte morphological changes and adhesion ability. The protein expression of CD36 was measured by flow cytometry and Western blot. The mRNA levels of CD36, CD11b and CD80 were detected by real-time PCR. The protein levels of extracellular signal-regulated kinase (ERK） and Src tyrosine kinase were determined by Western blot. RESULTS The cellular adhesiveness of THP-1 cells was elevated in the process of monocytes differentiation, and the expression of CD36 was increased in this process as well (P<0.01). siCD36 was transfected into the THP-1 cells (CD36i group) and the silencing efficiency was approximately 80%. The cell surface area and cellular adhesiveness were significantly decreased in CD36i group compared with scrambled siRNA (NCi) group (P<0.01). The mRNA levels of CD11b and CD80 were decreased in CD36i group compared with NCi group (P<0.01). The cell surface area and cellular adhesiveness were increased in CD36OE group compared with empty vector (vector) group (P<0.05). The mRNA levels of CD11b and CD80 were increased in CD36OE group compared with vector group (P<0.01). The phosphorylation levels of ERK and Src were decreased in CD36i group compared with NCi group (P<0.05). CONCLUSION CD36 promotes the differentiation of human monocyte THP-1 cells to macrophages by increasing the phosphorylation of Src and further activating ERK.     

香蕉果实的1个14-3-3蛋白同源基因的克隆及序列分析(简报)

根据在香蕉果实抑制缩减文库中获得的1个14-3-3蛋白基因片段,采用PCR和RACE相结合的方法从香蕉(Musa acuminate L.AAA group cv.Brazilian)cDNA文库中筛选到其全长cDNA序列.序列测定和Blastx比对分析结果表明,该cDNA全长1 037 bp,含有1个完整的阅读框,其编码区编码261个氨基酸残基,具有植物14-3-3蛋白基因的保守结构域,并与其他植物来源的14-3-3蛋白具有很高的同源性,将其命名为Ma-14-3-36(Musa acuminate 14-3-3).采用遗传进化系统发育树的分析结果表明,Ma-14-3-36与来源于单子叶植物的多数14-3-3蛋白基因序列在同一个进化枝上.采用RT-PCR对其在香蕉果实发育不同时期的表达进行分析结果表明,在香蕉果实发育的不同时期差异表达,推测其可能在果实的发育中起作用.     

ER-α36 and miR-143 involved in invasion of gastric cancer cells

AIM: To investigate the relationship between the expression of estrogen receptor α36 (ER-α36) and the invasion of gastric cancer cells. METHODS: SGC7901 cells were treated with 17β-estradiol at high or low concentration. The invasion of gastric cancer cells and the expression of ER-α36 were detected. The SGC7901 cells with the characteristics of stable low expression and high expression of ER-α36 were constructed. The invasion ability and microRNA sequences were determined in above-mentioned recombinant cells. RESULTS: The decreased invasion ability and ER-α36 expression were detected in SGC7901 cells treated with low concentration of 17β-estradiol. The situation was the opposite in the cells treated with high concentration of 17β-estradiol. The expression of miR-143 was significantly decreased in the SGC7901 cells with stable high expression of ER-α36 and was increased in the SGC7901 cells with stable low expression of ER-α36. CONCLUSION: The expression of ER-α36 is positively related to the invasion of gastric cancer cells. It is possible that miR-143 plays an important role in the regulation of gastric cancer invasion.     

烟酸对高脂血症兔瘦素、过氧化体增殖物激活型受体γ和CD36表达的影响

目的探讨烟酸对高脂血症兔血清瘦素及皮下脂肪组织瘦素、过氧化体增殖物激活型受体γ及CD36 mRNA表达的影响。方法12只健康雄性新西兰兔给予高胆固醇饮食饲养8周后,随机分为高脂组和烟酸组:高脂组继续饲以高胆固醇饲料6周;烟酸组在饲以高胆固醇饲料的基础上给予烟酸0.2g/(kg.d),共6周。另选择普通饮食14周兔(n=6)作为对照组。实验结束后,取腹股沟处皮下脂肪组织称重并冻存,用酶联免疫吸附法测定血清及脂肪细胞培养基瘦素水平;半定量逆转录聚合酶链反应测定脂肪组织瘦素、过氧化体增殖物激活型受体γ及CD36mRNA的表达。此外,在体外观察不同浓度的烟酸对高脂兔脂肪细胞瘦素、过氧化体增殖物激活型受体γ及CD36 mRNA的表达。结果高脂组兔血清及脂肪组织瘦素水平明显高于正常对照组,烟酸治疗6周后可降低血清及脂肪组织瘦素水平。逆转录聚合酶链反应表明烟酸组较高脂组瘦素mRNA表达降低,瘦素mRNA与过氧化体增殖物激活型受体γmRNA和CD36 mRNA的表达呈负相关。体外实验亦表明,烟酸呈剂量依赖性地降低脂肪细胞瘦素mRNA表达,并剂量依赖性地上调过氧化体增殖物激活型受体γ及CD36 mRNA的表达。结论烟酸治疗能降低高脂血症兔血清及脂肪分泌瘦素水平,上调过氧化体增殖物激活型受体γ及CD36 mRNA的表达。     

Chloroacetic acids—Degradation intermediates of organic matter in forest soil

Chloroacetic acids (CAA), especially trichloroacetic acid (TCA), were considered phytotoxic secondary air pollutants of anthropogenic origin affecting conifers and were therefore intensively studied. However, another source of CAA has been then found: a forest soil in which humic substances are degraded by microbial processes to CAA and chloroform. This new aspect—formation of CAA in the soil—means that CAA are continuously produced and also biodegraded by other microorganisms in the soil and contribute thereby to the degradation of soil organic matter (SOM). Here we show for the first time the formation of dichloroacetic acid (DCA) and TCA in the forest soil by chlorination of SOM using ³⁶Cl labeled chloride. We suggest that CAA are both formed and biodegraded in the forest soil and thus represent intermediates in one of the processes of SOM decay.     

博德特氏菌HN36对土壤酶活性和呼吸强度的影响

研究了博德特氏菌HN36(Bordetella sp.)对受二氯喹啉酸污染土壤中的土壤酶活性和呼吸强度的影响。结果表明,与对照相比,加入HN36后均能提高土壤过氧化氢酶、蔗糖酶、多酚氧化酶、脲酶及碱性磷酸酶酶活性和呼吸强度,且随着接种量的增加而增强。当接种量为3×1010个.g-1干土时,效果最好。     

Inflammatory cytokines up-regulate FAT/CD36 expression in renal cells loaded by fatty acids

AIM: To investigate the effects of inflammatory cytokines on the expression of fatty acid transporter (FAT/CD36) in renal cells loaded by fatty acids. METHODS: Human mesangial cells (HMCs) and renal tubular epithelial HK-2 cells were treated with palmitate at concentrations of 0 mmol/L, 0.02 mmol/L, 0.04 mmol/L, 0.08 mmol/L, 0.16 mmol/L and 0.32 mmol/L for 24 h. The expression of FAT/CD36 at mRNA and protein levels was detected by real-time PCR and Western blotting,respectively. The renal cells were treated with palmitate at concentration of 0.04 mmol/L combined with TNF-α (25 μg/L) or IL-6 (20 μg/L) for 24 h. The effect of inflammatory cytokines on the mRNA and protein levels of FAT/CD36 in the renal cells was also investigated. Oil red O staining was used to determine the intracellular lipid droplet formation. The intracellular triglyceride (TG) and free fatty acid (FFA) were measured by enzymic assay and ELISA, respectively. RESULTS: Palmitate loading dose-dependently increased the expression of FAT/CD36 at mRNA and protein levels in both HMCs and HK-2 cells. The inflammatory cytokines further increased the expression of FAT/CD36 at mRNA and protein levels in both cells loaded by palmitate. Oil red O staining, TG detection and FFA assay showed that the inflammatory cytokines increased intracellular lipid levels in both HMCs and HK-2 cells. CONCLUSION: Inflammatory cytokines up-regulate the expression of FAT/CD36 in renal cells loaded by fatty acids and exacerbate the intracellular lipid accumulation.     

Effects of calcium salts of long-chain fatty acids and rumen-protected methionine on plasma concentrations of ghrelin, glucagon-like peptide-1 (7 to 36) amide and pancreatic hormones in lactating cows

Our objective was to determine the effects of calcium salts of long-chain fatty acids (CLFAs) and rumen-protected methionine (RPM) on plasma concentrations of ghrelin, glucagon-like peptide-1 (7 to 36) amide, and pancreatic hormones in lactating cows. Four Holstein cows in midlactation were used in a 4 by 4 Latin square experiment in each 2-wk period. Cows were fed corn silage-based diets with supplements of CLFAs (1.5% added on dry matter basis), RPM (20 g/d), CLFAs plus RPM, and without supplement. Jugular blood samples were taken from 1 h before to 2 h after morning feeding at 10-min intervals on day 12 of each period. CLFAs decreased dry matter intake, but RPM did not affect dry matter intake. Both supplements of CLFAs and RPM did not affect metabolizable energy intake and milk yield and composition. Plasma concentrations of NEFAs, triglyceride (TG), and total cholesterol (T-Cho) were increased with CLFAs alone, but increases of plasma concentrations of TG and T-Cho were moderated by CLFAs plus RPM. Calcium salts of long-chain fatty acids increased plasma ghrelin concentration, and the ghrelin concentration with CLFAs plus RPM was the highest among the treatments. Plasma concentrations of glucagon-like peptide-1, glucagon, and insulin were decreased with CLFAs, whereas adding RPM moderated the decrease of plasma glucagon concentration by CLFAs. These results indicate that the addition of methionine to cows given CLFAs increases plasma concentrations of ghrelin and glucagon associated with the decrease in plasma concentrations of TG and T-Cho.