邓恩桉组培中影响继代增殖条件的研究

探讨抗寒树种邓恩桉组培快繁中影响其继代培养的因素。实验表明,继代培养以改良MS为基本培养基,随继代次数的增加逐渐减少细胞分裂素BA和生长素NAA的浓度。最初几次继代,BA的浓度为0.5 mg/L,NAA的浓度为0.2 mg/L。然后BA的浓度逐渐降低到0.1~0.3 mg/L,NAA的浓度逐渐降至0.05~0.1 mg/L,继代5~6次后,BA的浓度保持在0.1~0.3 mg/L,NAA的浓度保持在0.05~0.1 mg/L。继代周期随季节而不同,夏季为15~25 d,春秋季为20~35 d,冬季为40~50 d,芽的月增殖系数为3~5倍,满足工厂化育苗的要求。组培苗的玻璃化和遗传变异等异常现象很少,节间长度适中,有利于生根。     

crataegus grayana的组织培养

同许多种其它果树一样,山植属的Crataegus grayana也可应用组织培养的方法,进行快速繁殖。在加入0.25ppmBA,0.5ppmIAA以及150ppm水解干酪素的MS培养基上,可由胚得到实生苗。在加入0.5ppm和300ppm水解干酪素的MS培养基上,由茎尖与茎段可得到壮实的试管苗。由于该植物胚在第一年内成熟度甚低,因此用茎尖或茎段进行快繁殖远优于用胚来进行。从此项研究结果看,其繁殖率为2~n-3~n(n为∮月数)。     

Bone marrow-derived stromal cells and cartilage tissue engineering

Articular cartilage repair is one of the most challenging issues which remains to be resolved in clinic work. Discovering of bone marrow stromal cells (BMSC) and its application in tissue engineering provide new methods for the treatment of cartilage defects. High seeding density, appropriate cytokines and three-dimensional culture play important roles in the process of inducing BMSC differentiating into chondrocytes, suitable scaffold is also essential in reconstructing cartilage in vitro by methods of tissue engineering.     

百合组培中鳞片处理及其颜色变化与鳞茎形成的关系

 研究了百合鳞片发育程度、切割段数、形态及生理变化、培养基的P 和K含量与鳞茎形成的关系。结果表明: 取中层鳞片、每片横切6 段的繁殖系数最高, 基部鳞片结鳞茎数最多, 且鳞茎发生最早。鳞片由基部向顶部繁殖系数递减。培养过程中鳞片颜色和形态变化依次为乳白色、浅黄、浅紫色、绿紫、鳞片干枯、鳞茎增大, 鳞片由浅黄变为绿紫色过程中叶绿素含量增加, 淀粉和可溶性糖含量下降。适当增加培养基中P、K的含量可提高鳞茎形成的数量和质量。     

Spread of potato virus Y in potato cultivars (Solanum tuberosum L.) with different levels of sensitivity

The aim of this work was to correlate the appearance of the symptoms, multiplication and spread of virus after mechanical inoculation of potato (Solanum tuberosum L.) cultivars showing different levels of susceptibility and sensitivity to Potato virus Y^NTN (PVY^NTN). The potato cultivars used were the resistant cultivar Sante and susceptible cultivars Igor, Pentland squire and Désirée. The spread of the virus PVY^NTN in infected plants was monitored using different methods: DAS-ELISA, tissue printing, immuno-serological electron microscopy and real-time PCR. In all three susceptible cultivars, the virus was detected in the inoculated leaves 4–5 days after inoculation. From there virus spread rapidly, first into the stem, then more or less simultaneously to the upper leaves and roots. Real-time PCR was shown to be very sensitive and enabled viral RNA to be detected in non-inoculated leaves of susceptible cultivar Igor earlier than other methods. Therefore, for exact studies of plant–virus interaction, a combination of methods which detect viruses on the basis of their different properties (coat protein, morphology or RNA) should be used to monitor the spread of viruses.     

东方百合组织培养浅述

综述了东方百合的组织培养技术,包括外植体来源、影响组织培养的因素和组培苗的生根和移栽。     

木立芦荟的组织培养及快速繁殖

以木立芦荟的叶片、叶鞘和带腋芽的茎段为外植体进行试管培养,结果表明,叶鞘和茎段可诱导形成愈伤组织,腋芽直接萌生。经试验筛选出各培养阶段最适宜的培养基为：（1）愈伤组织诱导,MS＋6－BA2。5mg/L NAA0.15mg/L;（2）腋芽萌生,MS＋6－BA2.0mg/L NAA0.15mg/L;（3）丛生芽分化及继代,MS＋6-BA2.0mg/L NAA0.10mg/L;(4)生根,MS 6-BA0.3-0.5mg/L IBA0.2mg/L＋活性羰0.5%。     

几种大量元素对银杏愈伤组织细胞生长及黄酮醇糖苷含量的影响

以MS＋NAA1mg/L KT2mg/L为基本培养基,研究了不同浓度的5种大量元素对银杏愈伤组织的细胞生长及其黄酮醇糖苷含量的基本培养基,研究了不同浓度的5种大量元素与细胞生长率呈负相关;KNO3浓度对细胞生长率影响不大,但对黄酮醇糖苷含量影响明显;随着MgSO4浓度的增加,细胞生长率和黄酮醇糖苷的含量呈现同步变化;随CaCl2浓度的变化,细胞生长率和黄酮醇糖苷含量呈负相关。     

楸树的初代培养研究

以楸树的4个品种(类型)(圆基长果楸、豫楸1号、豫楸2号和梓树)为材料进行组织培养研究,试验结果表明:(1)通过豫楸1号和圆基长果楸在MS、1/2MS、N6、WPM、B55种基本培养基上的诱导率和启动时间确定了该实验的最佳培养基为N6,其诱导率达80%,接种后2 d即启动。(2)外植体的消毒方式采用75%的酒精和0.1%HgC l2双步消毒,4个品种(类型)中豫楸2号的成活率最高,污染率最小。而不同品种(类型)最适消毒时间分别为:圆基长果楸5 min、豫楸1号8 min、豫楸2号7 min、梓树9.5 min。(3)大田栽培的圆基长果楸的污染率是温室栽培下的4~6倍,而成活率仅为温室栽培下的1/4,温室栽培的材料更适于进行组织培养。(4)豫楸1号在30 d内的污染率动态变化表明,外植体在接种7 d后出现污染,而主要污染发生在接种后的第14 d和第21 d。     

利用花托与花序轴组培快繁青花菜雄性不育株的研究

以青花菜的花托和花序轴作外植体进行组织培养,可成功诱导出苗,并以此来保存突变不育株。试验表明:不同的青花菜品种在同一种培养基上诱导率差别很大(2.3%~83.3%),05A-743-2在MS+BA 0.2mg/L+KT0.2mg/L+NAA0.01mg/L培养基上花托诱导率最高可达83.3%,花序轴诱导率达72.2%;用MS+BA 0.5mg/L+NAA 0.002mg/L继代培养,苗正常、健壮,增殖系数可达5.98;用1/2MS+IBA 0.02mg/L进行生根培养,生根率达91.7%,平均根数13.0条;利用全光照自动喷雾过渡培养组培苗,成活率达100%,组培苗可瓶外生根,效果比瓶内生根好。