不同浓度氮肥对松萝凤梨生长的影响

[目的]研究不同浓度氮肥对松萝凤梨生长的影响。[方法]对松萝凤梨植株喷施不同浓度的氮肥(50、100、150、200、250和300mg/L),研究其对松萝凤梨表观特征、伸长速率和增重率的影响。以喷清水为对照。[结果]不喷氮肥时松萝凤梨叶片呈灰绿色,喷施氮肥影响松萝凤梨叶片颜色。喷氮后各处理单株伸长速率均显著高于CK(P<0.05)。各氮素处理下松萝凤梨单株伸长速率大小顺序为:N3>N4>N2>N5>N1>N6。当氮肥浓度为150~200 mg/L时,松萝凤梨植株伸长速率达2.70~2.76 mm/d,长度显著增加。施氮后各处理单株增重率的表现与单株伸长速率一致。当氮肥浓度为150~200 mg/L时,最有利于松萝凤梨生物量的积累,其次是100 mg/L。[结论]氮肥浓度为150~200 mg/L时最有利于松萝凤梨生长。     

Plant growth and nitrogen concentration of Tillandsia species produced in organic,volcanic, and lignocellulosic substrates

We analyzed the effect of substrate mixtures containing vermicompost (VC), tezontle (TZ), and pine bark (PB) in the following percentage proportions (v/v): T1: 00VC-20TZ-80PB; T2: 10VC-20TZ-70PB; T3: 20VC-20TZ-60PB; T4: 30VC-20TZ-50PB, plus two reference controls identified as T5: peat-moss (100%; PM) and T6: tree branch (TB) on growth and nitrogen concentration of Tillandsia flavobracteata and T. limbata. Tillandsia flavobracteata displayed the greatest height in T6 and T4, while the greatest height for T. limbata was obtained in T3. In T. flavobracteata the greatest number of leaves was obtained in T1, whereas in T. limbata no significant differences were found. Nitrogen was higher in T. limbata, especially when grown in T1 and T6. We were able to demonstrate that both Tillandsia species can grow and produce healthy plants under our experimental conditions, while the tested substrates differentially affected growth and nitrogen concentration in each species.     

铁兰液体振荡培养再生与快速繁殖

以铁兰叶片为外植体,诱导获得脆性愈伤组织,液体振荡进行胚性愈伤组织培养及快速增殖,固体培养诱导胚状体萌发、不定芽生根,最后移栽成活,实现了铁兰的快速繁殖。在优化的培养条件下,铁兰无菌苗叶片愈伤组织诱导率90%以上,振荡后的愈伤组织100%成为胚状体,体积增殖系数可达5.0;90%以上的胚状体可分化为不定芽,95%以上的不定芽可诱导生根,移栽成活率95%以上。研究结果表明成功进行了铁兰的液体振荡培养及快速繁殖。     

凤梨专用肥对空气凤梨生长的影响

[目的]为空气凤梨快速繁殖提供技术指导。[方法]以4个空气凤梨品种的无性繁殖系为材料,研究不同肥料浓度（凤梨专用肥稀释500、1000、1500倍）及施肥周期（14d/次和28d/次）对其生长的影响。[结果]危地马拉小精灵和阿拉杰这2个品种对肥料不敏感,施肥后其外观表现无明显变化;维路提纳和富奇斯这2个品种对肥料较敏感,施肥可显著增加其绿色,并有效延缓其老叶的衰败速率;不同肥料浓度的施肥效果依次为：稀释500〉稀释1000〉稀释1500倍,不同施肥周期的施肥效果表现为：14d/次〉28d/次;维路提纳和富奇斯的增重率较高,另外2个品种的增重率较低。[结论]14d/次施肥处理最有利于空气凤梨生长,且肥料浓度应控制在稀释1000～1500倍。     

铁兰属植物的国外研究动态和国内研究进展及方向

铁兰属植物为凤梨科多年生气生或附生草本植物,观赏性强;可用于室内空气净化,吸收CO2和有毒有害物质。通过对国外关于铁兰属植物在生物学特性、形态学特征、栽培和利用方面的研究成果进行总结,分析了中国在铁兰属植物引种、繁殖及利用方面的研究进展,提出了铁兰属植物在中国的研究方向,为今后铁兰属植物的开发利用提供参考。     

60Co-γ射线辐射对粉掌铁兰某些生理指标的影响

用不同剂量60Co-γ射线急性辐射处理整株粉掌铁兰后,测定不同处理叶片的生理指标.结果显示:可溶性糖含量在20Gy时变化明显,与对照相比从1.04%上升至11.37%;辐射剂量与蛋白质含量呈显著负相关;与叶绿素b呈极显著相关.在20Gy处理时,粉掌铁兰生理指标适中.     

空气凤梨组培快繁技术优化

以空气凤梨(Tillandsia ionantha)子株为外植体,研究了不同的消毒处理和培养基配方对生长的影响,优化了其组培快繁技术。结果表明,对空气凤梨子株适宜的消毒处理方法是75%乙醇4 s+0.1%Hg Cl26 min,外植体污染率低,仅为16.7%,且色泽嫩绿;诱导丛生芽适宜的培养基为MS+BA 5.0 mg/L+NAA 0.2 mg/L,增殖率达161.9%,丛生芽生长良好;利用壮苗培养基MS+NAA(1.0~2.0 mg/L)进行培养,幼苗生长健壮。     

Amentadione from the Alga Cystoseira usneoides as a Novel Osteoarthritis Protective Agent in an Ex Vivo Co-Culture OA Model

Osteoarthritis (OA) remains a prevalent chronic disease without effective prevention and treatment. Amentadione (YP), a meroditerpenoid purified from the alga Cystoseira usneoides, has demonstrated anti-inflammatory activity. Here, we investigated the YP anti-osteoarthritic potential, by using a novel OA preclinical drug development pipeline designed to evaluate the anti-inflammatory and anti-mineralizing activities of potential OA-protective compounds. The workflow was based on in vitro primary cell cultures followed by human cartilage explants assays and a new OA co-culture model, combining cartilage explants with synoviocytes under interleukin-1β (IL-1β) or hydroxyapatite (HAP) stimulation. A combination of gene expression analysis and measurement of inflammatory mediators showed that the proposed model mimicked early disease stages, while YP counteracted inflammatory responses by downregulation of COX-2 and IL-6, improved cartilage homeostasis by downregulation of MMP3 and the chondrocytes hypertrophic differentiation factors Col10 and Runx2. Importantly, YP downregulated NF-κB gene expression and decreased phosphorylated IkBα/total IkBα ratio in chondrocytes. These results indicate the co-culture as a relevant pre-clinical OA model, and strongly suggest YP as a cartilage protective factor by inhibiting inflammatory, mineralizing, catabolic and differentiation processes during OA development, through inhibition of NF-κB signaling pathways, with high therapeutic potential.     

松罗铁兰的离体培养和快速繁殖技术研究

以顶芽和侧芽为外植体研究了松罗铁兰的离体培养和快速繁殖技术。结果表明,在附加ＢＡ４．１５μｍｏｌ．Ｌ＾－１和ＮＡＡ１．６１μｍｏｌ．Ｌ＾－１的ＭＳ培养基中可诱导外植外产生愈伤组织,将带有愈伤组织的外植体转移到ＭＳ＋ＢＡ４．１５－８．３０μＭＯＬ．Ｌ＾－１＋ＮＡＡ０．５４－１．６１αＭＯＬ．ｌ＾－１增减基中以后分化了大量的细芽。     

铁兰体细胞胚的诱导及植株再生

以铁兰无菌苗为外植体,研究不同激素配比对铁兰胚性愈伤组织诱导及体细胞胚形成的影响,并对体细胞胚的发生过程进行形态学观察.结果表明:2,4-D对铁兰胚性愈伤组织的诱导具有重要作用,诱导铁兰胚性愈伤组织的最适2,4-D浓度为2.0 mg/L;胚性愈伤组织在含ABA的培养基上可分化形成体细胞胚.形态及解剖学观察表明,愈伤组织既可以产生于外植体的外层细胞,又可产生于外植体的深层细胞.体细胞胚的形态发生经历了与合子胚形态发生相似的阶段,即经过球形胚、子叶形胚等.胚经过萌发、芽的伸长和生根后形成再生植株.