Development of Chinese Near-isogenic Line of Rice and Their Differentiating Ability of Pathogenic Races of Blast Fungus

The rice( Oryza L. ) variety, Lijiangxintuanheigu(LTH), is a universally susceptible variety. A set of near-isogenic lines (NILs) of rice which has single resistance gene for each line was developed by use of LTH as recurrent parent and Kusabue,Tsuyuake, K1, PiNo. 4, K60 and BL1, which are from Kiyosawa‘s differential varieties(KDV), as donor parents. Differentiating ability of these NILs to Philippine isolates was compared with that of their donor parents, KDV and IRRI‘ s NILs. The results of comparative studies were as follows: (1) Differentiating ability of Chinese NILs to Philippine isolates was much stronger than that of their donor parents and that of KDV. (2) Chinese NILs had similar ability to differentiate races to IRRI‘s NILs or higher differentiating ability than them. But IRRI‘s NILs almost had no differentiating ability to isolates from japonica rice-growing regions. They can not be used to differentiate races of isolates from japonica ricegrowing regions. Whereas, Chinese NILs can be used to differentiate races of isolates from both japonica ricegrowing regions and indica rice-growing regions. It was concluded that the set of Chinese NILs can be used as international differentials.     

陆地棉核雄性不育材料在山东不同地区的育性转变及应用研究

对在山东的济南、平度、莱西、烟台种植的几种陆地棉（Ｇｏｓｓｙｐｉｕｍ　ｈｉｒｓｕｔｕｍＬ．）核雄性不育材料的育性表现进行了研究,结果表明：洞Ａ不育系的衍生材料ＭＢ、ＭＡ在不同气候条件下有育性的变化。在济南高度不育,可作为不育系。在其他几个地区表现不同程度的可育。其中ＭＢ在平度有相当好的育性,能正常结铃。而双隐性核不育材料５９Ａ、６２Ａ未能观察到育性变化。本文就核不育材料在棉花杂交制种中的应用前景及需深入研究的问题作了探讨。     

西瓜核型雄性不育两用系POD同工酶研究

用PAGE(聚丙烯酰胺凝胶)电泳技术,研究了西瓜核型雄性不育两用系不同器官的POD(过氧化物酶)同工酶酶谱差异。试验结果表明,不育株与可育株主要差异在雄花蕾,表现为不育株较可育株多2条活性强的酶带;其他器官差异小,仅表现为酶谱带强弱不同。并对POD同工酶与雄性不育性的相关性进行了研究。     

Inhibitory effects of LDL-ACM complex on subcutaneous implanted tumors in nude mice()

AIM: In order to evaluate the applicable value of LDL as a targeted vehicle for chemotherapeutic agents, we investigated and compared the inhibitory effects of LDL-ACM complex and free ACM on nude mice's subcutaneous implanted tumors derived from gastric cancer cell lines, SGC-7901 and NKM-45. METHODS: LDL-ACM complex was prepared and the tumor model of nude mice was established by subcutaneous implantation of SGC-7901 and NKM-45. Then, the groups of nude mice developed subcutaneous implanted tumors were received either LDL-ACM complex or free ACM. Subsequently, the tumor size, weight and leukemia cell counts were measured and the rates of tumor-inhibition and the survival were compared among the groups. RESULTS: The inhibitory effects of LDL-ACM complex on the tumors, especially on SGC-7901 implanted tumors were much more obvious than that of free ACM. It was also indicated that the action of LDL-ACM complex was mediated by LDL receptor. CONCLUSION: These results showed that LDL-ACM complex had significant inhibitory effects on the implanted tumors and the effect might be mediated by LDL receptor.     

大白菜细胞核雄性不育基因向自交系97A407的转育

根据复等位基因遗传假说 ,利用大白菜核不育系 9810 9和已知基因型的甲型两用系可育株 99135 2作为不育源 ,以大白菜自交系 97A40 7为目标亲本 ,经过 5个世代的转育 ,获得了具有 97A40 7遗传基因型的新甲型两用系、临时保持系和雄性不育系。     

BNS和BNS366小麦雄性不育与内源激素的关系

【目的】研究BNS和BNS366小麦雄性不育与小孢子发生过程中内源激素含量变化的关系,为激素调控温光敏雄性不育小麦花粉育性提供理论依据。【方法】选用BNS和BNS366为试验材料,分别以矮抗58和郑麦366(BNS366的近等基因系)为对照,进行正常秋季播种(2018年10月10日)和晚播(2018年12月2日)试验,用I2-KI法测定花粉育性,用国内法和国际法测定自交结实率,采用间接酶联免疫法测定雌雄蕊原基分化期-三核期叶片、雌雄蕊原基分化期-四分体期幼穗和单核中位期-三核期花药中6种内源激素的含量。【结果】在正常秋季播种条件下,BNS和BNS366花粉可育率、国内法自交结实率和国际法自交结实率均为零,达到全不育水平,在晚播条件下,BNS的这三个指标分别为34.74%、43.12%和48.48%,达到低不育水平,BNS366则分别为92.63%、55.37%和67.94%,达到正常可育水平,播种期间差异均达到极显著水平;矮抗58和郑麦366在2种播期条件下,则为82.56%—94.00%、73.90%—82.31%和96.54%—139.26%,均为正常可育,播种期间差异不显著;BN...     

利用DH群体进行白菜株高和开展度的QTL定位分析

应用AFLP、SRAP、RAPD、SSR及同工酶等标记构建的326个标记位点的白菜遗传图谱和81个DH株系群体,采用M apQTL 5软件对白菜的株高和开展度进行QTL定位。结果表明：通过2年试验,在10个连锁群上共检测到27个QTL,主要分布在R 5、R 10连锁群上：其中控制株高的有11个,控制开展度的有16个;获得2年稳定表达的控制株高的QTL 1个,控制开展度的QTL 3个;各QTL加性效应各不相等,其遗传贡献率为13.3%-29.2%;控制株高和控制开展度的QTL位点表现为紧密连锁或相似的位置,主要集中在R 5连锁群上。     

杂交粳稻品质性状的配合力和杂种优势分析

以9个新育成的BT型粳稻不育系和5个恢复系为亲本,采用NCⅡ设计研究12个品质性状的配合力和杂种优势.结果表明:各性状的亲本一般配合力方差均达显著或极显著水平,特殊配合力方差除精米长和长宽比外也均达到显著或极显著水平.精米率、整精米率、食味值、直链淀粉含量和蛋白质含量同时受加性和非加性效应的作用,糙米率、垩白率、垩白度、精米长、精米宽、长宽比和精米厚等性状则主要受加性效应的影响.粒型和食味品质性状同时受不育系和恢复系的影响,碾米品质和外观品质性状则受恢复系的影响较大.除精米率、整精米率和食味值有一定程度的超高亲优势外,其他性状多介于双亲之间.杂种优势同时受亲本一般配合力和组合特殊配合力的影响,且多数性状都达到显著或极显著水平.在供试材料中,不育系以95122A最好,香粳8016A次之;恢复系以J16最好,R187次之,用上述亲本选配的杂交组合米质性状较好.     

龙眼新品种(系)引种南宁的果实发育和品质变化规律比较

为研究龙眼新品种（系）在广西南宁市的果实发育和品质变化规律,以引进的‘福晚8号’‘晚香’‘宝石1号’3个龙眼新品种（系）及广西主栽品种‘石硖’和‘桂明1号’为试验材料,定期观测果实发育过程中的纵横径、单果重、可食率、果形指数、可溶性固形物（TSS）、维生素C、可溶性蛋白质、可滴定酸、可溶性糖等的变化规律,试验结果表明：5个龙眼品种（系）在果实成熟期,‘晚香’的单果重最大,其次是‘宝石1号’‘福晚8号’和‘桂明1号’,‘石硖’最小。果实成熟期‘福晚8号’的可食率最大,其次是‘晚香’和‘宝石1号’,均高于‘桂明1号’和‘石硖’。果实成熟期和TSS达到最大值的时间以‘石硖’最早,‘宝石1号’次之,然后是‘桂明1号’‘福晚8号’和‘晚香’的成熟期最迟。退糖速度以‘桂明1号’最慢,其次是‘福晚8号’‘晚香’和‘石硖’,‘宝石1号’退糖速度最快。‘福晚8号’和‘桂明1号’的维生素C含量在达到最大值时高于其他品种,其次是‘晚香’和‘宝石1号’,‘石硖’的较低。可滴定酸含量在果实发育前期以‘桂明1号’和‘福晚8号’的较高,其次是‘宝石1号’,‘石硖’和‘晚香’较低,果实发育后期以‘桂明1号’‘晚香’‘宝石1号’和‘福晚8号’较高,‘石硖’的最低。引进的‘福晚8号’和‘晚香’表现为晚熟、果大肉厚、果实品质较好,‘宝石1号’表现为早中熟、果大肉厚、果实品质较好,可以作为广西良好的中晚熟品种（系）引种材料,具有较好的推广应用价值,可丰富广西的龙眼品种结构。     

不同玉米自交系耐寒性评价及差异分析

在室内低温条件下,对44份玉米自交系进行发芽期性状鉴定,并通过隶属函数法进行耐寒性综合评价,根据评价结果对耐寒玉米自交系和寒敏感玉米自交系进行苗期生长和生理生化特性分析,探索不同玉米自交系耐寒性差异生理机理。结果表明,利用发芽期发芽率、胚芽长、胚根长、根数为隶属函数法综合评价指标筛选出了3份强耐寒玉米自交系,包括玉米自交系Va35-2、Va102、ND246,中等耐寒玉米自交系1份,耐寒玉米自交系2份,寒敏感自交系16份,高寒敏感自交系22份。另外,结果显示随着温度逐渐降低(25℃、15℃、10℃、6℃),不同玉米自交系的发芽率、胚芽长、胚根长和根数呈下降趋势,但下降幅度不同,强耐寒玉米自交系各项指标下降的速度较慢;但是,从15℃低温开始,高寒敏感自交系的各项发芽指标下降很快,甚至为0。根据耐寒性综合评价结果,分别选取高耐寒玉米自交系Va35-2、Va102、ND246和高寒敏感玉米自交系K22、B68和H105W进行苗期耐寒性差异分析。6℃低温胁迫处理0、2、4、6 d后,高耐寒自交系Va35-2、Va102、ND246和高敏感自交系K22、B68和H105W的生长和生理生化指标都有不同程度的变化,但是Va35-2、Va102和ND246各项指标变化幅度较小,而K22、B68和H105W的变化幅度较大,不同品种间差异显著。总体来看,随着低温胁迫时间的延长,生长指标(株高、根长、地上部鲜重、地上部干重、地下部鲜重和地下部干重)和生理生化指标(相对含水量、脯氨酸、可溶性糖含量和保护酶活性(SOD、POD、CAT))呈下降趋势,高耐寒玉米自交系下降幅度较小,而高寒敏感玉米自交系下降幅度较大。相对电导率和丙二醛含量呈上升趋势,耐寒玉米自交系上升幅度较小,而寒敏感玉米自交系上升幅度较大。苗期性状的相关性分析表明各项生长和生理指标之间联系紧密、互相影响,在低温胁迫条件下调节植物的生长。