农业科技成果产业化的障碍与对策

影响中国农业科技成果转化的一个重要因素,是存在于农业科技成果信息的发布与接受诸环节中的各种障碍,包括农业科技信息的形式不适合大众化,信息传播的载体不完善,信息供体和信息受体的行为动力不足,信息的信度和效度不高,信息的持有者和使用者之间存在认知差距以及信息的梯度转移问题等。针对这些障碍,提出了改革农业科技推广体制,实施信息标准化,消除信息传播噪音,采用先进的信息技术手段,遵循信息梯度传播规律和建立完善开放的科技信息管理体系等政策建议和应对措施。     

Life-history tactics of soil microarthropods

A sound basis for defining life-history tactics was obtained by reviewing life-history traits. This involved an explanation of the ecological implications of thelytoky (automictic or apomictic), arrhenotoky, amphitoky, sexual reproduction, semelparity, iteroparity, seasonal iteroparity, and the relationship between semelparity and juvenile development. Several forms of synchronization of life cycles with environmental conditions were classified, ranging from the ability to overcome harsh seasonal conditions to obligate diapause dormancy. Ecologically, this involves adaptations to environmental conditions ranging from irregularly occurring and unpredictable events to regularly occurring and predictable conditions. Dispersal traits were grouped as directional migration (phoresy) and undirectional migration (anemochory). Distinctions were made between facultative and obligate phoresy and between carrier-specific and carrier-unspecific phoresy. A multi-dimensional system of tactics was outlined, based on well-defined underived traits. This system was compared with one- and two-dimensional schemes described by MacArthur and Wilson (1967), Grime (1977), and Southwood (1977) and with the multi-dimensional system described by Stearns (1976). For each tactic, relationships with the main biotopes in which it occurs were defined. Examples of species showing certain tactics were selected from the taxonomic orders of microarthropods. The generality of the traits for various groups of organisms and of the classification of life-history tactics developed was explored.     

论阔叶树遗传改良策略

就阔叶树的特点和阔叶树改良现状 ,探讨了长短结合、系统改良与局部突破结合、常规与超常规结合的阔叶树遗传改良策略 ,即母树林途径、无性系途径、“有性育种 ,无性快繁推广”的交互发展途径以及现代生物技术育种途径等 ,并提出要加强阔叶树育种群体保护策略     

北京大兴甘薯产业现状及发展对策

本文对北京市大兴区甘薯生产状况,种植效益和加工企业等生产现状进行了全面分析;指出当前大兴区甘薯产业发展的特点,分析了甘薯产业链较短、病虫害较多、销售网络不健全等限制甘薯产业发展因素;提出了要大力发展甘薯加工企业,发挥企业的带动作用,启动脱毒甘薯育苗生产,加强技术服务,拓宽销售渠道等促进甘薯产业化发展的对策。     

农业科技成果产业化的障碍与对策

影响中国农业科技成果转化的一个重要因素,是存在于农业科技成果信息的发布与接受诸环节中的各种障碍,包括农业科技信息的形式不适合大众化,信息传播的载体不完善,信息供体和信息受体的行为动力不足,信息的信度和效度不高,信息的持有者和使用者之间存在认知差距以及信息的梯度转移问题等。针对这些障碍,提出了改革农业科技推广体制,实施信息标准化,消除信息传播噪音,采用先进的信息技术手段,遵循信息梯度传播规律和建立完善开放的科技信息管理体系等政策建议和应对措施。     

邛海湿地旅游资源的保护性开发研究

邛海是四川省第二大天然淡水湖泊,丰富的湿地资源为其开展湿地旅游提供了优越的条件.由于近年来人类不合理的开发利用使邛海湿地旅游资源面临着巨大的压力与挑战.从邛海湿地现有的保护措施和开发现状进行分析,结合在邛海湿地旅游开发过程中存在的问题,探讨邛海湿地旅游可持续发展的保护性开发策略.