Institutional performance and participatory paradigms: Comparing two groups of watersheds in semi-arid region of India

Watershed development programmes carried out in different agroclimatic conditions in India resulted in beneficial impact in terms of productivity enhancement and natural resources conservation, but less attention paid to institutional and participatory aspects. This paper explored the performance of various institutions regarding execution of watershed development programmes in semi-arid region of India. Recorded observations from documents maintained at watershed level and information collected through primary survey as well as focus group discussion with different types of stakeholders were used for analysis. The results indicated lacunae in participatory aspects during programme implementation process like monitoring activities, management of common property resources and equity. Gap in linkages and differential level of performance of various watershed level functionaries indicates the necessity for corrections in the structures and linkages pattern for sustainability of the infrastructure and institutions. The study also showed unequal priorities by the implementing agencies towards institutions, land and water resources development, production enhancement activities and fodder resources development as well as rationalities of technical, economic, financial, political and social aspects among the watersheds.     

金华江流域生态服务补偿的利益相关者分析

从影响程度、积极性、参与性、权力4个方面，对金华江流域生态服务补偿的利益相关者进行剖析。结果表明：核心利益相关者多属于弱势群体，他们的利益突出，却无决策和管理权，政府部门具有最大的决策权，在目前流域生态补偿过程中发挥重要作用；在此基础上，提出建立流域管理联席协会，促进利益激励机制的形成和多层反馈互动渠道的畅通，明晰上下游水权和生态补偿的责任义务关系，构建可操作的管理规则和立法、改革干部考核制度、扶植和培育流域的生态补偿市场等政策建议。     

基于利益相关者理论的区域旅游合作研究——以苏北为例

分析了苏北合作具有的地脉一致和文脉相通的资源基础,探讨了区域合作的主要利益冲突,提出了成立政府引导的苏北区域旅游合作委员会、编制区域联合旅游规划、建立市场主导的企业合作机制、注重社区参与等合作建议。     

农产品地理标志保护中利益相关者的界定研究

介绍了利益相关者理论的概念及界定方法,阐述了我国农产品地理标志发展的现状,最后论述了利益相关者理论在农产品地理标志保护中的应用,并对保护过程中各利益相关者进行了界定,以期为农业产业发展提供具体可行的建议和措施。     

乡村振兴战略下农村环境协同治理关键因素识别研究

农村环境治理体系创新和治理路径有效是党的十九大全面部署实施乡村振兴重大战略中核心问题之一。现有关于农村环境问题研究大多是对乡村环境治理模式及多元治理模式中社会资本因素探讨,缺乏多元治理模式中环境治理失灵的实证研究。本研究首先基于利益相关理论,从政府、企业、城市、村民、环保组织、科研院校等不同主体的利益诉求和行为导向定性分析了农村环境目前现实困境,调研梳理出农村环境协同治理的影响因素指标体系;其次为降低决策试验与实验室评估法（DEMATEL）模型中专家打分建立关联矩阵的主观性,引入灰数理论,基于Grey-DEMATEL定量识别影响泉州市农村环境协同治理的原因、结果和综合影响因素,以及研究因素之间的关系和相互影响程度。结果表明：地方保护主义、城市发展汲取农村资源是农村环境协同治理的根本制约因素,忽视农村环保技术有别、重视事前环保技术研发而忽视之后的应用和改进是起关键驱动作用的原因因素;城市污染企业为转嫁排污成本转入偏远农村、农村承载城市发展中一些污染转移是直接障碍因素,是短期内有效改善农村环境治理困境的结果因素;农村基本公共卫生设施建设的资金投入有限是最活跃的影响因素,容易影响其他因素,也容易受其他因素影响,是农村环境协同治理实施的核心因素。最后根据各因素之间的因果关系和综合影响程度分析结果,厘清农村环境治理行动中政府、企业、城市、村民、环保组织、科研院校等不同利益相关者主体之间的博弈关系,明确农村环境治理中各个利益相关者的角色定位,提出泉州市农村环境协同治理的长短期和重点措施等建议,为乡村振兴战略部署中创设利益均衡的农村环境多元协同治理的有效途径提供参考。     

利益相关者关系影响公司财务绩效持续性的实证研究

基于123家沪深A股上市公司的样本数据,运用时间序列自回归模型;考量卓越与不良绩效企业股东、管理人员、员工、消费者、债权人和政府与财务绩效持续性的关系。结果表明,良好的利益相关者关系与卓越财务绩效的持续性正相关,与不良财务绩效的持续性负相关。不同的利益相关者对财务绩效持续性的影响存在差异,消费者和员工是保证卓越财务绩效持续性的最重要因素,也是陷入财务困境的企业实现业绩转向的关键推动力量。当企业经历财务困境时,股东的积极作用表现突出。     

Culture and climate change: Japanese cherry blossom festivals and stakeholders’ knowledge and attitudes about global climate change

Most global climate change models predict serious ecological and social problems. In Japan, biologists have found climate change is affecting species and ecosystems, including the earlier flowering time of cherry trees which are an important cultural symbol in Japan. Cherry blossom festivals are also important to local economies. This study explored the perceptions of Japanese residents regarding climate change impacts on culturally significant events such as flower timing of cherry trees. We conducted interviews of stakeholders of three cherry blossom festivals, including sixteen organizers of festivals and 26 managers of festival-dependent businesses, to understand their awareness, attitudes and behaviors toward global climate change and impacts on cherry blossom festivals. Most organizers of the festival in Kakunodate were concerned about global warming and its impact on cherry blossom times while organizers of festivals in Nakano and Komoro felt it was unimportant if flower timing affected the festival schedule. Most (92%) managers of festival-dependent businesses mentioned that global warming is occurring and affecting the flower timing of cherry trees, but there were diverse perceptions of global warming impacts on their business. Managers more dependent on income from cherry blossom festivals indicated greater concern for the effects of climate change.     

Walking in STEP: Lessons for linking spatial prioritisations to implementation strategies

Spatial prioritisations are increasingly being undertaken to allocate the investment of limited conservation resources. These techniques are highly effective at identifying where important areas for conservation are located, but of limited use for deciding how implementation of conservation action should be undertaken. Conservation planning should be a collaborative social process, and necessitates that spatial prioritisations be complemented with an implementation strategy. We undertook a conservation planning initiative in the Subtropical Thicket biome in South Africa, complementing a spatial prioritisation with an implementation strategy. Believing strongly in the importance of developing a ‘safe-fail’ culture in conservation, we detail our activities and document our successes and failures. We synthesize lessons from our experience of collaboratively developing an implementation strategy with stakeholders, so as to ensure it effectively complements a spatial prioritisation.     

我国猪肉可追溯系统存在的问题与对策分析——基于利益相关者理论

在分析我国目前正在实施的猪肉安全可追溯系统存在问题的基础上,结合利益相关者理论进行分析,提出相应的解决对策,以保证猪肉安全可追溯系统实施的成效.     

利益相关者视角下的图书馆联盟发展探讨

在利益相关视角下,图书馆联盟者之间具有群体性、现实性及利益不均衡等特点,图书馆联盟的发展也对利益相关者产生不同的影响,因此,相关利益者的均衡发展才能使图书馆联盟持续有效地发展。本文针对性的提出了如何均衡发展以消除图书馆联盟利益相关者之间的消极影响。