改善E1级胶合板用UF胶粘剂预压性能的研究

利用氧化淀粉在树脂合成后期、API在调胶时加入分别对脲醛树脂进行改性，探讨改性UF对胶合板预压强度的影响。采用正交实验法对比改性后胶合板的预压性能和改性后胶合板的甲醛释放量的变化。结果表明：随着API量的加大，胶合板的预压性能得以提高；而氧化淀粉改性后则随着量的加大，一定范围内胶合板的预压性能得以提高，加入量继续加大后反而下降。     

优氯净对苏云金杆菌伴孢晶体消毒效果及机理的研究

苏云金杆菌(Bacillus thuringiensis,简称BT菌)的伴孢晶体被优氯净液处理后,在相差显微镜下观察,失去暗蓝色光泽,呈暗黑色,难溶于碱性缓冲液。虽能溶于昆虫的胃液,却失去致病性。用扫描电镜和SDS—聚丙烯酰胺凝胶电泳进一步研究,结果表明:优氯净能破坏伴孢晶体蛋白的一级和立体结构,使晶体蛋白失活,达到消毒的目的。消毒能力测定结果表明:1毫升0.03％有效氯优氯净液在3分钟内能消毒50微升BT菌液(3μg伴孢晶体/μl菌液)。消毒BT菌污染桑叶,用0.01％有效氯优氯净液浸泡3分钟即可。考虑到生产上的安全性,我们建议用0.05％有效氯优氯净消毒3—5分钟。     

Changes of intracellular potassium activity and membrane potential in guinea pig ventricular myocardium during superfusion with low sodium solutions and effects of low pH

AIM:To investigate the changes in intracellular potassium activity(aⁱK) and membrane potential(V_m) induced by low external sodium infusion (Low [Na]_o) and to detect the mechanisms involved and the relationship between aⁱK and V_m. METHODS:aⁱK and V_m were measured in infusion with different sodium concentrations using methods of convenient and ion selective microelectrodes in guinea pig ventricular myocardium. RESULTS:Low [Na]_o resulted in a decrease in aⁱK and an increase in V_m in a Na⁺ concentration-dependent manner.At the same time,contraction and resting potential increased, and action potential duration decreased markedly,but action potential amplitude was not affected. A change of the pH from 7.4 to 7.0 in low [Na]_o solution reduced the decrease in aⁱK, but did not affect the increase in V_m.CONCLUSION:A better linear relationship appeared between the changes in aⁱk and [Na]_o or in V_m and [Na]_o,while during each low [Na]_o the change in both aⁱK or V_m may reach a new balance level.     

固相萃取-亲水作用色谱法测定香菇中硫杂脯氨酸

通过对色谱条件和样品前处理方法进行优化,建立固相萃取—亲水作用色谱法测定香菇(Lentinula edodes)中硫杂脯氨酸的检测方法。优化后的色谱条件为：Inertsil HILIC 亲水作用色谱柱(4.6×250 mm,5μm)对样品进行分离测定,流动相采用乙腈-0.1%磷酸水(85∶15,v/v)等度洗脱,流速0.8 mL/min,检测波长193 nm,柱温30℃。前处理方法为：香菇样品采用甲醇-水(70∶30,v/v)提取,MAX阴离子固相萃取小柱进行净化处理,甲醇-1.0%甲酸(90∶10,v/v)作为洗脱剂对目标物进行洗脱。检测结果表明,硫杂脯氨酸在2~100μg/mL范围内呈良好的线性关系,相关系数为0.9998,加标回收率为96.3%~101.7%,相对标准偏差在1.3%~4.8%之间,检出限为0.76μg/g,定量限为2.31μg/g。该方法回收率高、简单、快速、无需衍生化,适用于香菇子实体硫杂脯氨酸的定量检测分析。     

干燥器法与穿孔萃取法测定中密度纤维板甲醛释放量的相关性研究

分别采用GB 18580标准中的干燥器法和穿孔萃取法检测中密度纤维板的甲醛释放量，并根据两种方法检测出的结果分析其相关性。结果表明，两种检测方法呈显著线性相关。     

过氧化氢和甲醛对SPF级大鼠和小鼠繁殖室消毒效果观察

目的比较观察过氧化氢和甲醛对SPF级大鼠和小鼠繁殖室内表面、台面以及空气的消毒效果,选择消毒效果良好的消毒剂。方法采用空气落下菌检测法和表面细菌拭子检测法,对过氧化氢和甲醛熏蒸SPF级大鼠和小鼠繁殖室的消毒效果进行检测观察。结果SPF级大鼠和小鼠繁殖室分别经过氧化氢和甲醛熏蒸消毒后,进行空气落下菌的检测,过氧化氢和甲醛对大鼠繁殖室和小鼠繁殖室空气的杀菌率分别为100%、97.5%和100%、100%;将墙壁、地面和笼架表面的菌落数进行检测,过氧化氢和甲醛对大鼠繁殖室墙壁、地面和笼架的杀菌率分别为100%、99%、100%和95%、100%、99%,对小鼠繁殖室墙壁、地面和笼架的杀菌率均为100%。结论过氧化氢蒸汽消毒是比较理想的消毒方法,很好地控制了SPF级大鼠和小鼠繁殖室环境微生物,安全性高且消毒效果明显。     

An improved method for extraction of sorghum polymeric protein complexes

A method for fractionating sorghum proteins using extraction solvents and techniques designed to obtain polymeric protein structures (especially disulfide linked) was developed. Extraction and separation conditions were optimized in terms of completeness of protein extraction, sample stability, and analytical resolution. After pre-extraction of albumins and globulins, a 3-step sequential procedure involving no reducing agents was applied to ground whole sorghum flour. The three fractions obtained represented proportionally different protein polymer contents and molecular weight distribution as evidenced by comparative size exclusion chromatography. Protein composition also varied among the extracts with differences in kafirin composition and non-kafirin proteins detected in the fractions by RP-HPLC and SDS-PAGE analysis. The ability to quantify and further characterize sorghum polymeric protein complexes will be useful for additional studies linking protein structures with functionality and digestibility and variations for these properties within diverse sorghum germplasm.     

有机改良剂对温室土壤及番茄质量的影响

研究了优培-海藻生物有机肥(Y)、微生物菌肥(W)和腐植酸有机肥对日光温室土壤的理化性质、有效态微量元素含量、酶活性以及番茄品质等方面的影响,旨在探索快速、简易且廉价的土壤改良方法,为日光温室土壤改良及有机蔬菜生产提供理论依据。结果表明,不同土壤改良剂对土壤p H无显著影响,在番茄生育期内土壤p H值始终在7.0以上,没有出现酸化问题;拉秧后,除中量腐植酸有机肥(FM)外,其他各处理均能有效降低土壤EC值并达到极显著水平;各处理对提升有效态Mn、Zn和Fe含量的效果不显著,其中,仅高量腐植酸有机肥处理(FH)能同时提高开花结果盛期0~20 cm和20~40 cm土层的有效态Zn含量,与CK相比,分别增加10.8%和13.2%;不同土壤改良剂均可提高土壤脲酶和蔗糖酶活性;不同土壤改良剂对碱性磷酸酶的酶活性影响较小;微生物菌肥对酸性磷酸酶和过氧化氢酶的酶活性影响相对明显;不同土壤改良剂均能提高番茄可溶性固形物、可溶性糖、可滴定酸和维生素C的含量,其中,中量腐植酸有机肥处理提高了番茄的糖酸比。土壤改良剂可有效改善日光温室土壤特性及番茄品质。     

Effect of Aerosol OT and Paraformaldehyde Supplement on the Voluntary Intake,Digestion and Metabolism of Late-pregnant Ewe Fed with Ground Diet

The Small-tail Han ewes with 3 years old, (48.7±2.0)kg body weight, carring the multi-lamb gene, were fed with the same diet, mating after one month.18 pregnant ewes were selected and divided into 3 groups(groups 1(control group), 2 and 3).From 90 days of pregnancy, groups 2 and 3 were supplemented with aerosol OT(800 mg/kg) and paraformaldehyde(300 mg/kg), respectively, and the experiments of digestion and metabolism were carried on from 121 to 130 days of pregnancy to study the effect of aerosol OT and paraformaldehyde supplements on the voluntary intake, digestion and metabolism, lambing of late-pregnant ewes.The results showed that when fed with aerosol OT, the voluntary intake of dry matter was increased by 13.0%(P<0.01);The amount of digestion of DM, OM, CP, cellulose and GE was increased by 12.4%(P<0.05), 14.4%(P<0.01), 23.2%(P<0.01), 15.2%(P>0.05) and 27.4%(P<0.01), respectively;The retention of N, Ca and P was increased by 31.1%(P<0.01), 48.5%(P<0.01) and 31.9%(P<0.01), respectively;The serum triglyceride and free fatty acid content tended to decrease;but the apparent digestibility of the dietary nutrients were not significantly affected(P>0.05);The loss of ewe postpartum weight was reduced by 61.9%(P<0.01), a nest of lamb weight was increased by 4.2%(P>0.05).In the condition of feeding paraformaldehyde, the voluntary intake of dry matter was increased by 12.6%(P<0.01);The amount of digestion of DM, OM, CP, cellulose and GE was increased by 15.4%(P<0.01), 16.2%(P<0.01), 22.4%(P<0.01), 14.2%(P>0.05) and 29.0%(P<0.01), respectively;The retention of N, Ca and P was increased by 33.5%(P<0.01), 48.9%(P<0.01) and 36.3%(P<0.01), respectively;But the apparent digestibility of the dietary nutrients were no significantly affected(P>0.05);The serum β-hydroxybutrate and free fatty acid content tended to decrease;The loss of ewe postpartum weight was reduced by 57.1%(P<0.01), a nest of lamb weight was increased by 11.1%(P<0.05).This study showed that by feeding aerosol OT or paraformaldehyde, the intake, digestibility of Ca, P and N could be improved in late-pregnant ewe, the body weight loss, body fat mobilization could be reduced, and the birth weight of litter could be increased.