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1.
Peter Howgate 《Journal Of Aquatic Food Product Technology》2013,22(1):2-15
Procedures for sensory evaluation of fish often give the appearance of being empirical, that is, having been developed from practice without any contribution of underlying theory. The fundamental principles of sensory evaluation lie in psychophysics, a branch of psychology. Some textbooks of sensory evaluation have sections on psychophysics, but they are based on what might be called classical psychophysics which is summarized by the Weber/Fechner laws. Contemporary psychophysics has theories and practices which have wider applications in sensory evaluation of foods than classical psychophysics and can be applied to the advantage in the sensory analysis of fish. Three examples from the author's own experience will be presented in this discussion paper: use of the Theory of Signal Detection in evaluating taints; use of similarity ranking methods and multidimensional scaling for grouping fish by sensory properties; and application of current ideas of scaling to the measurement of freshness. 相似文献
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根据深圳轨道交通二期蛇口线信号联锁系统和ZDJ(9)转辙机设备的特点,主要探讨信号专业道岔设备维护模式和故障处理流程,以提高设备检修质量和故障处理效率,减少设备故障,降低对运营带来的影响。 相似文献
3.
Sławomir Wilczyński 《European Journal of Forest Research》2006,125(3):213-219
Using eight populations of Scots pine growing in foothills of the Sudetes (southern Poland) as an example, the character and causes of annual ring variation in 1900–1999 were studied. The climate had a short-term effect on radial growth during the whole period investigated. A long-term decrease of radial growth occurred after 1960, but only in some localities. It was probably caused by non-climatic factors, most likely by industrial pollution. The decline of trees during that period is mainly evidenced by a high variation of width of annual rings, a small similarity of chronologies of annual ring widths, and a lack of signal years. After 1990, the tree recovery process was evident. It was most intensive in localities where the earlier stress was the most severe. Then, trees started to produce wide annual rings, homogeneity of the growth reaction increased, and the signal years began to occur. 相似文献
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Ochiai N Fujimura M Motoyama T Ichiishi A Usami R Horikoshi K Yamaguchi I 《Pest management science》2001,57(5):437-442
Osmotic-sensitive (os-1) mutant alleles in Neurospora crassa exhibit resistance to dicarboximides, aromatic hydrocarbons and phenylpyrroles. We have previously reported that the os-1 mutants can be classified into two groups based on their resistance to fungicides and osmotic stress: type I, which are highly resistant to iprodione and fludioxonil but moderately sensitive to osmotic stress, and type II, which are highly sensitive to osmotic stress but moderately resistant to fungicides. To explain the mechanism of resistance to these fungicides, we cloned and sequenced the mutant os-1 genes that encode putative osmo-sensing histidine kinase. Within the os-1 gene product (Os1p), the type I strains, NM233t and Y256M209, carried a stop codon at amino acid position 308 and a frameshift at amino acid position 294, respectively. These mutation sites were located on the upstream of histidine kinase and the response regulator domains of Os1p, strongly suggesting that type I strains are null mutants. The null mutants, NM233t and Y256M209, were highly resistant to iprodione and fludioxonil; thus Os1p is essential for these fungicides to express their antifungal activity. The amino acid changes in Os1p, 625Pro from Leu, 578Val from Ala, and 580Arg from Gly were found in the type II strains, M16, M155-1 and P5990, respectively. Os1p is novel in having six tandem repeats of 90 amino acids in the N terminal. Each amino acid change of the type II strains was located on the fifth unit of six tandem repeats. Type II strains with single amino acid changes were more sensitive to osmotic stress than the null mutants (type I), indicating that the amino acid repeats of Os1p were responsible for an important function in osmo-regulation. 相似文献
7.
The hemibiotrophic fungus Colletotrichum orbiculare forms appressoria as infection structures and primarily establishes biotrophic infection in cucumber epidermal cells. Subsequently, it develops necrotrophic infection. In the pre-invasion stage, morphogenesis of appressoria of C. orbiculare is triggered by signals from the plant surface. We found that C. orbiculare PAG1 (Perish-in-the-Absence-of-GYP1), a component of MOR [morphogenesis-related NDR (nuclear Dbf2-related) kinase network] plays an essential role as a key component of the plant-specific signaling pathway and that hydrolysis of cutin by a spore surface esterase creates a cutin monomer that constitutes a key plant-derived signal. Development of the infection structure of C. orbiculare is strictly regulated by the cell cycle and we found that proper regulation of G1/S progression via two-component GAP genes, consisting of BUB2 (Budding-Uninhibited-by-Benomyl-2) and BFA1 (Byr-Four-Alike-1) is essential for the establishment of successful infection. In the post-invasion stage, the establishment of the biotrophic phase of hemibiotrophic fungi is crucial for successful infection. We found that C. orbiculare WHI2 (WHIsky-2), an Saccharomyces cerevisiae stress regulator homolog, is involved in the phase transition from biotrophy to necrotrophy through TOR (Target of Rapamycin) signaling, and is thus essential for full pathogenesis. 相似文献
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鸡IL-2全基因和去信号肽基因的酵母表达研究 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
根据已发表的鸡白介素-2（ChIL-2）cDNA编码基因序列设计三条引物,利用RT-PCR技术从经诱导的卢氏鸡胚脾淋巴细胞中扩增出429bp的ChIL-2全长基因cDNA和363bp去除信号肽的ChIL-2基因cDNA。分别克隆到酵母表达载体pPICZαA中,并分别转化巴斯德毕赤酵母X-33中,经甲醇诱导,SDS-PAGE检测,在28kD和24kD处有两条清晰的蛋白带,相同条件下pPICZαA-△SIL-2表达量较高。RNAstructure软件分析表明,pPICZαA-IL-2的序列形成了较为稳定的二级结构,不利于翻译,证明信号肽序列的存在对ChIL-2基因在酵母细胞中的表达有一定的影响。 相似文献
10.
依据信号与噪声小波变换系数的差异,提出的用阈值法去噪可以很好的使噪声得到抑制,且几乎保留了原始信号所有的特征点.本文详细阐述了小波分析信噪分离的基本原理和方法,通过仿真分析得到良好的效果,为信号去噪提供一条有效的途径. 相似文献