Decreased transport of orally administered protein into the blood circulation of developing juveniles of Japanese eel Anguilla japonica

ABSTRACT: To clarify the quantitative changes in the transport of orally intubated protein into the blood circulation as macromolecules in development, immunoglobulin Y (IgY) extracted from chicken eggs was administered orally to juvenile Japanese eel, Anguilla japonica . For the first experiment, which was performed before the commencement of artificial feeding, the oral delivery of 2.0 μg/0.1 g bodyweight of IgY resulted in a rapid increase in plasma IgY to a maximum of 2.30 μg/mL. However, the transport of IgY into the blood decreased significantly in the experiments that followed, which were performed after 12, 25 and 42 days. During this period, bodyweight increased approximately by a factor of eight, and rapid growth of the stomach was observed histologically. Possible contributions for the development of the alimentary canal to the diminishment of intestinal protein assimilation are discussed.     

一个马铃薯Y病毒山东分离物的分离与鉴定

 从具有典型花叶症状的马铃薯叶片中分离到马铃薯Y病毒(Potato virus Y,PVY)(本文称PVY-SD-TA分离物),扩繁后,提纯病毒,电镜下可观察到700~900 nm×11 nm的病毒粒体,病组织超薄切片观察可见风轮状的内含体结构,寄主反应特性研究表明其能侵染2科13种植物。SDS-PAGE电泳检测病毒编码的外壳蛋白亚基的分子量为33 kDa。以PVY-SD-TA基因组RNA为模板,应用RT-PCR方法和特异引物合成了外壳蛋白基因。对cDNA全序列分析表明,PVY-SD-TA CP基因核苷酸序列与N株系的同源性为96%,与GenBank中登录序列号为AJ390306的O株系分离物的同源性最高,为99%;与国内不同学者报道的PVY中国流行株的同源性分别为96%,97%和98%。通过以上生物学特性和分子水平的研究将PVY-SD-TA鉴定为普通株系(PVY^O株系)。     

川西北高寒沙地不同年限高山柳林下优势植物碳、氮、磷生态化学计量特征

通过采集川西北高寒沙地不同年限(6、18、24年)高山柳林下3种优势植被藏沙蒿、裂叶独活和镰荚棘豆,分别测定分析3种植被叶片、根部C、N、P化学计量特征变化特征。结果表明:不同年限高山柳林下植被C、N、P含量及其比值间存在显著差异且呈现出不同变化趋势。林下植被C含量整体下降;叶N含量呈上升趋势,根N含量随年限增长而下降;除藏沙蒿外,林下植被P含量变化不显著;C∶N变化范围为1.92~12.86;C∶P为29.18~196.88;不同年限高山柳林下植被N∶P间虽存在差异,但均表现出主要受到P限制,表明该区域植被生长主要受P限制,应注意P养分的适当补充。     

沙柳木粉液化残渣的结构表征

以多元醇为液化剂(m(聚乙二醇)∶m(丙三醇)=4∶1),浓硫酸为催化剂,对沙柳木粉进行液化试验。将所得的液化产物多次清洗得到不溶液化残渣,应用FTIR、XRD和SEM对液化残渣的化学成分、微观形貌进行表征研究。结果表明:沙柳木粉液化反应分为木粉分解阶段和液化产物缩聚两个阶段;反应30 min后得到的残渣的红外光谱特征峰大致相同。XRD分析表明,残渣中含有大量的Si O2,木粉液化时非结晶区首先被破坏而降解,残渣的结晶度升高;反应后期结晶区发生降解,残渣结晶度略有下降。SEM图像表明,随着反应的进行,残渣由纤维状变为尺寸更小的连在一起的块状堆积物。     

Genetic Diversity Analysis of Cervus elaphus Using AMELY Gene in Y Chromosome

In order to determine the genetic diversity in Cervus elaphus using AMELY gene in Y chromosome,200 blood samples from Cervus elaphus yarkandensis,Cervus elaphus asiaticus,Cervus elaphus xanthopygus,Cervus elaphus songaricus and Cervus elaphus kansuensis populations were collected and AMELY genes were sequenced in this study.The haplotype diversity of Y chromosome was analyed,phylogenetic tree was built to explore the genetic diversity and the paternal origins about Cervus elaphus.The results showed that:Cervus elaphus yarkandensis had the most variation sites and the highest nucleotide diversity.The genetic distance between Cervus elaphus yarkandensis and other Cervus elaphus were far.6 haplotypes were identified in this study,named as A1,A2,A3,A4,A5 and A6,respectively.Cervu elaphus yarkandensis,Cervus elaphus asiaticus and Cervus elaphus kansuensis had separate haplotype.The NJ and ML phylogenetic trees showed that Cervus elaphus songaricus,Cervus elaphus asiaticus,Cervus elaphus xanthopygus and Cervus elaphus kansuensis clustered together which Cervus elaphus yarkandensis and Cervus elaphus kansuensis were form a department,separately.Cervus elaphus asiaticus,Cervus elaphus xanthopygus and Cervus elaphus yarkandensis clustered into one branches and there might be gene exchange among Cervus elaphus yarkandensis,Cervus elaphus kansuensis and other Cervus elaphus.     

New technique of sex preselection for increasing female ratio in boar sperm model

In this study, we tried to optimize the porcine semen extender conditions to maximize the differences between live X chromosome-bearing (X) spermatozoa and to Y chromosome-bearing (Y) spermatozoa without a decline in the fertility rate at different pH conditions during storage. We observed the viability of X and Y boar spermatozoa in acidic (pH 6.2), original (pH 7.2), and alkaline condition (pH 8.2) for 5 days to investigate the effect of storage conditions on the X to Y spermatozoa ratio. The functional parameters of spermatozoa were also examined to evaluate sperm quality. Sperm motility was preserved at pH 7.2 and pH 6.2 for 3 days, while sperm motility at pH 8.2 decreased significantly after 2 days. Non-capacitated spermatozoa increased while capacitated spermatozoa decreased during storage. Sperm viability decreased significantly duration-dependent under all pH conditions, but there was no significant difference during storage at pH 6.2 and 7.2. The X: Y ratio of live spermatozoa in acidic condition was maximized (1.2:1) without affecting the sperm function and fertility-related protein expression after 2 days compared to original conditions. Moreover, insemination of sows using acidic extender increased the number of female pups on days 1 and 2 of preservation. These results indicate that the production of female offspring may increase when acidic BTS is used for 2 days without affecting the success rate of AI. Above all, this method is simple and economical compared to other methods.     

版纳省藤家系苗期生长特性的初探

文章对收集的版纳省藤家系进行苗期生长变异的观察,结果发现:家系间根长和芽长及叶片数和最大叶长都存在极显著的差异;叶片数和最大叶生长与气温关系显著,叶片数和最大叶生长趋势相似,移苗后的2、3个月生长最快,12月至次年的2月生长缓慢;主成分分析选出6个优良家系,其中4个分布在勐腊尚勇地区。     

沙柳和柠条灌丛分枝生长对模拟降雨改变的响应

利用模拟降雨操纵试验(对照、降雨增加45％和减少50％),研究第2年沙柳和柠条灌丛不同径级分枝生长对模拟降雨改变的响应.结果表明:1)沙柳10～15 mm径级的分枝基径、枝长和生物量对降雨改变有一定响应,15 ～ 20 mm径级分枝枝长和生物量对降雨改变有响应;干旱显著降低了10 ～ 15 mm径级枝长和生物量的增加量,而增水增加了15～20 mm径级枝长和生物量的增加量,其他径级对降雨改变无显著响应.2)柠条＜20 mm径级的基径生长对降雨改变均有显著的响应,但只有＜ 10 mm径级枝长对降雨改变有显著响应,小径级分枝对降雨改变的响应更敏感.增水增加了＜ 10 mm径级生物量,而干旱并未导致该径级生物量显著降低;增水对10～20 mm径级生长季生物量并未产生影响,但干旱导致该径级生物量显著降低.3)增水导致沙柳和柠条每丛生物量增加量分别为11.3％和35.5％,而干旱导致每丛生物量增加量分别下降14.2％和36.8％,降水改变对柠条生长的影响要大于沙柳.该研究可为未来降雨格局改变下,2种灌木的生长动态和生产力预测提供理论依据.     

消落带植物南川柳对干旱胁迫的生理响应

为了探明消落带植物南川柳(Salix rosthornii Seemen)的耐旱特性,为消落带种群构建和植物选择提供理论依据,在盆栽条件下,对南川柳1年生幼苗采用控水方式进行干旱胁迫处理,同时设置对照组进行正常灌溉,并测定叶片相对含水量(RWC)、电解质渗漏(EL)、丙二醛(MDA)等一系列与植物耐旱能力相关的生理指标以及抗氧化性酶活性的变化,系统讨论了南川柳对干旱的生理响应。结果表明：在干旱胁迫下南川柳幼苗叶片具有较强的水分保持能力,并且在复水后有相对较快的恢复能力;10天和20天的干旱胁迫对南川柳叶片电解质渗漏的影响与对照相比差异不显著,随胁迫时间的持续,EL和MDA都显著升高。在干旱胁迫下,南川柳幼苗叶片超氧化物歧化酶(SOD)、过氧化物酶(POD)和过氧化氢酶(CAT)活性整体呈先升高后降低的趋势,其中CAT对胁迫最为敏感,而POD响应相对较为缓慢;在复水20天后3种酶活性有所恢复,但均未恢复到对照的水平。     

性控奶山羊精液X和Y精子分离比例检测方法的建立

旨在建立可以定量计算奶山羊精液中X、Y精子数量的双重TaqMan荧光定量PCR方法,用以检测经过分离的奶山羊精液X和Y精子的数量和比例,为性控技术的开发和生产应用提供技术支撑.本研究选择X、Y染色体中特异基因F9及ZFY片段设计引物,建立标准曲线,优化荧光定量PCR反应体系和条件.通过对阳性标准品梯度稀释以及对60支已...