雏鸭铜中毒的实验观察

1日龄天府肉鸭健雏210只随机分为三组,分别喂给铜12.16mg/kg(对照或1组)、850mg/kg(2组)和1050mg/kg(3组)日粮7周。结果表明,后两组雏鸭分别于3周龄和2周龄开始出现临床症状,生长发育迟缓,并出现死亡;血红蛋白含量和红细胞数量显著低于对照组(p<0.05),红细胞变形、变性,大小不等;血清铜含量和肝铜含量极显著高于对照组(p<0.01)。     

过氧化氢和甲醛对SPF级大鼠和小鼠繁殖室消毒效果观察

目的比较观察过氧化氢和甲醛对SPF级大鼠和小鼠繁殖室内表面、台面以及空气的消毒效果,选择消毒效果良好的消毒剂。方法采用空气落下菌检测法和表面细菌拭子检测法,对过氧化氢和甲醛熏蒸SPF级大鼠和小鼠繁殖室的消毒效果进行检测观察。结果SPF级大鼠和小鼠繁殖室分别经过氧化氢和甲醛熏蒸消毒后,进行空气落下菌的检测,过氧化氢和甲醛对大鼠繁殖室和小鼠繁殖室空气的杀菌率分别为100%、97.5%和100%、100%;将墙壁、地面和笼架表面的菌落数进行检测,过氧化氢和甲醛对大鼠繁殖室墙壁、地面和笼架的杀菌率分别为100%、99%、100%和95%、100%、99%,对小鼠繁殖室墙壁、地面和笼架的杀菌率均为100%。结论过氧化氢蒸汽消毒是比较理想的消毒方法,很好地控制了SPF级大鼠和小鼠繁殖室环境微生物,安全性高且消毒效果明显。     

莪术油注射液鸡胚接种抗新城疫病毒的研究

[目的]探讨莪术油对新城疫病毒的抑制和杀灭作用。[方法]用鸡胚培养法和血凝试验,测定莪术油对鸡新城疫病毒增殖的抑制作用。[结果]莪术油对鸡胚无毒性作用;莪术油与病毒同时接种鸡胚,能完全抑制鸡新城疫病毒在鸡胚中的增殖。[结论]结果为莪术油在兽医临床上的应用提供了理论依据。     

Lysine requirements of Korean native ducklings for three weeks after hatch

Dietary lysine content in poultry diets is critical to improve feed utilization efficiency, body protein deposition rate, and carcass traits of growing and finishing poultry. The objective of the current study was to estimate the optimum digestible lysine requirements for maximum growth performance, efficient utilization of nitrogen, and carcass traits of male Korean native ducklings for 3 wk after hatch. A total of 720 one-day-old male Korean native ducklings were used in a completely randomized design having 8 dietary treatments to provide a range of digestible lysine content from 0.44 to 1.07%. Ducklings were randomly allotted to 24 floor pens (6 replicates per treatment and 15 ducklings per pen) and were offered the respective diets on an ad libitum basis for the period of study. Body weight and feed intake were measured weekly to calculate feed conversion ratio. At the termination of the experiment, 2 ducklings per pen were euthanized via cervical dislocation to weigh empty body and drumsticks. The digestible lysine requirement was determined by taking a mean value after fitting the data to both linear-plateau and quadratic-plateau models. Digestible lysine requirements for Korean native ducklings for 3 wk after hatch were estimated to be 0.71, 0.74, 0.65 and 1.01% for maximum body weight, daily gain, and daily feed intake, and for minimum feed conversion ratio, respectively.     

网状内皮组织增殖病病毒感染SPF雏鸡外周血液T,B淋巴细胞数量变化

应用ＳＰＡ菌体花环法检测网状内皮组织增殖病病毒（ＲＥＶ）感染ＳＰＦ雏鸡外周血液Ｔ、Ｂ淋巴细胞数量动态变化。结果发现，１日龄ＳＰＦ雏鸡感染ＲＥＶ后７～４９ｄ外周血液Ｔ淋巴细胞数量，１４～４９ｄＢ淋巴细胞数量均明显低于对照组。表明感染ＲＥＶ的ＳＰＦ雏鸡外周血液的细胞免疫和体液免疫水平均下降。     

鸡传染性法氏囊病病毒12个野毒株的毒力比较

对3－7周龄SPF鸡人工感染的致病性比较试验表明，从不同地区收集的12个鸡传染性法氏囊病病毒（IBDV）野毒株的毒力差异甚大，致病性最强的GX8／99株可引起易感年龄的SPF鸡70％－92％的死亡率，属超强毒，而人工接种YN2／99株的SPF鸡死亡率几乎为零。其余毒株对SPF鸡的致死率介于20％－60％，它们的毒力介于IBDV的标准毒与超强毒之间。     

SPF理论及其在捕捞能力计算中的应用

随机生产边界法是一种基于Cobb-Douglas生产函数的线性规划方法。在得到待定系数的估计值后，可求得理论产出，进而可以求得各投入单元的技术效率。以年渔获产量为产出，海洋捕捞专业劳动力和渔船数为投入，应用该方法计算浙江省1996—2004年的海洋捕捞能力。结果表明2000年浙江省捕捞技术效率最高，达到99．9％。在与DEA法进行比较后得出结论：两者计算结果相近，都能较准确的反映捕捞能力水平；在使用SPF法分析捕捞能力时，要注意技术无效率投入的剔除。此外，在用SPF法计算捕捞能力时，应将除去劳动力外的投入因子全部货币化，以提高计算的准确性。     

Lysine, Methionine and Tryptophan Requirements of Beijing Ducklings of O-2 Weeks of Age

A feed trial was conducted with a total of 1 134 Beijing ducklings to study the optimum level of dietary lysine (Lys) (0.95,1.10, 1.25%), methionine (Met) (0.26, 0.46, 0.66%) and tryptophan (Trp) (0.20, 0.30, 0.40%) for those ducklings during aphase of 0-2 weeks. Ducklings were randomly allotted to 27 groups according to a 3 × 3 × 3 factorial arrangement and fed a basal corn-soybean-peanut meal diet containing 20.26% CP, 12.45 MJ kg-1 ME. The results from this study indicate that Lys affected body weight (P＜0.01), feed intake (0-14 d) (P＜0.01), but had no effect on feed/gain (0-14 d) (P＞0.05), uric acid concentration (P ＞ 0.05). Methionine influenced body weight (P ＜ 0.01), feed/gain (P ＜ 0.05), and feed intake (P ＜ 0.01). Tryphtophan had no effect on indices measured. The requirement of the Lys and Met for Beijing ducklings of 0-2 weeks of age were 1.10 and 0.46%. The requirement of Trp for Beijing ducklings of 0-2 weeks of age was not more than 0.20%.     

牛磺酸对笼养蛋雏鸭生长性能、抗氧化功能及免疫器官发育的影响

本试验旨在研究牛磺酸对笼养蛋雏鸭生长性能、抗氧化功能及免疫器官发育的影响.试验采用单因素完全随机分组设计,选择健康1日龄金定蛋雏鸭240只,随机分为5个组(每个组6个重复,每个重复8只鸭),分别饲喂在玉米-豆粕型基础饲粮基础上添加0.05%、0.10%、0.15%、0.20%牛磺酸的试验饲粮.试验期4周.结果表明:饲粮...     

植酸酶对肉鸭饲用原料钙与磷及其养分真利用率的影响

在18种常用肉鸭饲料原料中添加750 U/kg的植酸酶,通过鸭的强饲代谢试验来探究植酸酶对钙、磷及干物质、粗蛋白、粗脂肪、能量等真利用率的改善程度。结果表明:与加酶前比较,加酶后供试原料的总磷真利用率的提高幅度为0.92%~17.29%,其中,对次粉2、麦麸、米糠、玉米总磷的提高幅度差异达到显著或极显著水平,分别为11.79%(P0.05)、8.46%(P0.05)、17.29%(P0.05)、16.33%(P0.01),其余原料的总磷真利用率均有不同程度的提高,但差异不显著(P0.05);对钙真利用率的提高幅度为2.74%~22.12%,其中,对碎米(早)、玉米皮、小麦、麦麸、棉粕的钙真利用率的提高作用显著(P0.05),分别为16.37%、17.12%、30.75%、21.40%、22.12%,对糙米(晚)的提高幅度最小,仅为2.74%,对其余原料的提高幅度均在5%以上;加酶后供试原料的干物质、粗蛋白、粗脂肪、能量真利用率的提高幅度分别为0.03%~14.60%,0.71%~27.05%,2.00%~37.69%、0.17%~10.07%;植酸酶对原料有效磷的改进值范围为0.02~2.60 g/kg。综合分析,在肉鸭饲料原料中添加750 U/kg的植酸酶,对钙、磷及干物质、粗蛋白、粗脂肪真利用率的改善效果较明显。