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1.
玉米抗南方型锈病基因共分离分子标记的研究 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
本文以玉米(Zea mays L.)抗南方型锈病自交系P25和感病自交系F349的F1与F349回交,并连续回交所得BC5代的F349抗病近等基因系(nearly isogenic lines,NILs)为材料,以RGA(resistance gene analogs)的方法,在抗病自交系中克隆出一条321 bp的特异性DNA条带。根据序列比对的结果,设计出新的引物作为分子标记,在96株BC7、BC4F5NILs及其亲本和杂种F1群体上进行鉴定,其中94株的田间抗感结果与分子检测结果一致,选择的有效率达97.9%。此标记扩增效果清晰,可重复性强,在抗玉米南方型锈病的分子标记辅助育种研究中有应用价值。 相似文献
2.
Evaluation of seedling and adult plant resistance to stem rust in European wheat cultivars 总被引:2,自引:0,他引:2
A total of 105 European wheat cultivars were assessed for seedling and adult plant resistance (APR) to stem rust using an
array of Australian isolates of Puccinia graminis f. sp. tritici. Twenty-seven cultivars were susceptible at both seedling and adult plant growth stages. Twelve catalogued seedling stem
rust resistance genes (Sr7b, Sr8a, Sr8b, Sr9b, Sr9g, Sr11, Sr15, Sr17, Sr29, Sr31, Sr36 and Sr38) were detected in the remaining cultivars, and 13 cultivars carried additional seedling resistance genes that could not be
postulated with the isolates used. Low levels of APR to stem rust were found in the cultivars Artaban, Forno, Mec, Mercia,
Pandas and Vlada. Although the genetic identity of this APR was not determined, it was clear that the only designated stem
rust APR gene Sr2 was not present in any of the cultivars tested based on the absence of the linked traits seedling chlorosis and pseudo black
chaff. One of these cultivars, Forno, is believed to carry the leaf rust APR gene Lr34, previously reported to be associated with improved resistance to stem rust. A detailed genetic characterisation of the APRs
in these cultivars will be needed to understand their modes of inheritance and relationships with catalogued stem rust resistance
genes. Such knowledge may help in developing cultivars with effective gene combinations that confer higher levels of protection. 相似文献
3.
4.
通过对国内外引进的162个品种的田间自然发病调查和苗期接种鉴定,筛选出抗病型品种37个,中抗型21个,中感型60个,感病型44个.抗锈型品种中大多数是从国外引进且多属于矮生类型,其中少数矮生品种可直接用于生产,其余品种虽园艺性状不佳、但仍可作为蔓生菜豆育种的抗源亲本.抗病基因分析结果表明,抗锈性受一对基因控制且为显性.F_2代抗与感分离,经x~2测定完全符合3:1比例.本文对抗锈育种目标、苗期接种鉴定方法及用纯系小种作基因分析等进行了讨论. 相似文献
5.
Daylily rust fungus, Puccinia hemerocallidis, was proven to host-alternate between a wild daylily, Hemerocallis fulva var. longituba, and a patrinia, Patrinia villosa. No proof was obtained for the early belief that the fungus is pathogenic to plantainlilies, Hosta species, in addition to daylilies, Hemerocallis species. The fungus seems to alternate regularly between daylilies and patrinias in Japan because most daylily species are deciduous, and a vegetatively reproducing stage of the pathogen does not seem capable of successfully overwintering free of the living host tissue. 相似文献
6.
通过安徽天堂寨地区玉米品种对玉米南方锈病的抗性情况分析,即对安徽玉米60个品种进行田间自然诱发鉴定,根据发病后的平均严重度评判其对玉米锈病的抗性类别。结果表明,高抗品种占6.7%,抗性品种占40%,中抗品种占25%,感病品种占6.7%,高感品种占21.6%。 相似文献
7.
我国小麦条锈病防治研究的进展 总被引:9,自引:5,他引:9
本文概括了以下四个方面的进展:⑴揭示了我国小麦条锈病菌的越夏、越冬和春季流行规律,提出一套行之有效的测报方法,提供了重大的防锈原则和综合治理方案。⑵研究出一套适合我国应用的小麦条锈菌生理小种鉴别寄主,查明了小种逐年变化动态及其与品种抗性丧失的原因,大大提高了抗条锈育种和品种利用的针对性和预见性。⑶全国鉴定抗条锈性或感的材料约300000份。成株混合菌种鉴定法发展为多小种分别鉴定法和多抗性鉴定法,开拓了品种抗性资源。⑷敌锈纳等在60–70年代防治条锈病起了显著作用;用粉锈宁拌种1次控制条锈病流行的技术已在大面积上推广。文内还讨论了今后如何加强小麦条锈病防治规划和基础研究,藉以提高综合治理水平。 相似文献
8.
9.
Rust control and ethylenebisdithiocarbamate (EBDC) residues in green beans ( Phaseolus vulgaris L. 'Morgan') were evaluated in two seasons of 1993 in Dschang, Cameroon. Four weekly applications of mancozeb (2.8 kg ha- 1), sulphur (2.24 kg ha- 1), or mancozeb+sulphur (1.4+1.12 kg ha- 1) were initiated from initial rust symptoms. In both seasons, treatments with mancozeb alone resulted in a low area under pustule count progress curve (AUPPC) and a significant increase in leaf area index, and pod and green fodder yields. Pod yields were negatively correlated with AUPPC. Pod yield loss was estimated at 61% and 32% in the early and late seasons, respectively, while losses in green fodder yields were 57% and 24% respectively. EBDC residue levels decreased significantly with a delay in pod harvestand when pods were washed in running tap water. Residue levels were high in the late season, possibly due to low rainfall. Pods exposed to the combined fungicidal treatments accumulated higher levels of residues than those sprayed with mancozeb alone, suggesting a potential risk of EBDC accumulation on pods when EBDCs are mixed with sulphur. 相似文献
10.
Marcelo Luiz Laia Acelino Couto Alfenas Sergio Hermnio Brommonschenkel Shinitiro Oda Eduardo Jose de Melo Inae Marie de Arau jo Silva Janana Fernandes Goncalves Ariadne Marques 《林业研究》2015,(3)
Disease-resistant genes play an important role in defending against a variety of pathogens and insect pests in plants. Most of the disease-resistant genes encode pro-teins with conserved leucine rich r... 相似文献