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1.
为了给内蒙古高原紫花苜蓿(Medicago sativa L.)测土施氮奠定科学基础,本研究采用“零散实验数据整合法”和“养分平衡-地力差减法”新应用公式,开展了该自然区域紫花苜蓿土壤氮素丰缺指标和推荐施氮量研究。结果表明:内蒙古高原生长第1年紫花苜蓿土壤碱解氮第1~6级丰缺指标为≥48,20~48,8~20,4~8,2~4和<2 mg·kg-1,土壤全氮第1~5级丰缺指标为≥1.4,0.8~1.4,0.4~0.8,0.2~0.4和<0.2 g·kg-1,土壤有机质第1~6级丰缺指标为≥17,10~17,6~10,3~6,2~3和<2 g·kg-1。当紫花苜蓿目标产量9~18 t·hm-2、氮肥利用率40%时,内蒙古高原紫花苜蓿第1~6级土壤推荐施氮量分别为0,68~135,135~270,203~405,270~540和338~675 kg·hm-2。 相似文献
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Effect of heat-moisture treatment on quality properties of two bread wheats (cvs. Tosunbey and Bayraktar) were investigated by using response surface methodology (RSM). Temperature and moisture conditions in the experimental design were in the range of 55–95 °C and 13–19%. Heat-moisture treated grains were milled into flour and quality properties were determined. The optimum moisture-temperature combination for the highest dry gluten, Zeleny sedimentation, Alveograph W and bread volume values were estimated as 14%-63 °C for Tosunbey and 19%-55 °C for Bayraktar samples. Alveograph W seems to be a good indicator of baking quality for wheats treated at higher temperatures. In order to describe the relationship between the dependent and independent variables (moisture, temperature), the response values were fitted by second order polynomial models. Significance analysis showed that the effect of both moisture and temperature on dry gluten content, sedimentation and falling number values for Tosunbey; falling number and damaged starch values for Bayraktar were significant (p < 0.05). The effect of temperature on Farinograph water absorption, W and P/G, bread volume and firmness values were significant for both cultivars (p < 0.05). It can be concluded that improvement in baking quality can be achieved and flours with different properties can be produced by heat-moisture treatments on wheat. 相似文献
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Jie Kuai Xiaoyong Li Zhen Li Yan Xie Bo Wang Guangsheng Zhou 《Journal of Agronomy and Crop Science》2020,206(6):823-836
Waterlogging is a main factor causing rapeseed (Brassica napus L.) yield loss, and reasonable nitrogen (N) applications can compensate for this loss. To investigate the effects of N rates on seed yield of waterlogged rapeseed, the waterlogging-tolerant rapeseed variety ZS 9 and sensitive variety GH01 were waterlogged for 0 and 10 days with five leaves at the seedling stage under four N rates (0, 90, 180 and 270 kg/ha). Waterlogging significantly decreased seed yield, while N application can alleviate the yield loss. The yield decrease rate of waterlogged GH01 was greater than that of ZS 9 under the same N rate. During the seedling and bolting stage, the leaf photosynthetic rate (Pn) and ribulose-1,5-bisphosphate carboxylase/oxygenase (Rubisco) activity increased, while activities of adenosine diphosphate glucose pyrophosphorylase (AGPase), sucrose synthase (SuSy) and sucrose phosphate synthase (SPS) decreased with more N under the same watering conditions. Compared to the plants without waterlogging, the leaf Pn and Rubisco activity, starch and sucrose contents of waterlogged rapeseed decreased at the two stages; activities of AGPase, SuSy and SPS of waterlogged rapeseed decreased at the seedling while increased at the bolting stage for both the two varieties. At the flowering stage, the Pn, the activities of Rubisco, AGPase, SuSy, SPS and contents of sucrose, starch increased with more N application for both ZS 9 and GH01. Compared to the plants without waterlogging, the Pn and Rubisco activity for waterlogged plants of the two varieties increased; the waterlogged plants of tolerant variety had higher activities of AGPase, SuSy and SPS, while those of sensitive variety was significantly lower. However, the decreased starch and sucrose content were found in both tolerant and sensitive varieties. The activities of AGPase, SuSy and SPS at flowering were highly positively correlated with yield under the interactive effects of N and waterlogging. These results suggested that the flowering stage is the most important stage that N had the positive regulation on waterlogged rapeseed growth. The carbohydrates translocation from leaves to seeds of the tolerant variety were enhanced after waterlogging, while that of the sensitive variety was still inhibited. This was the main reason for the difference in yield between the two waterlogged varieties. 相似文献
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Ruimin Chao Chengqiang Xia Caixia Pei Wenjie Huo Qiang Liu Chunxiang Zhang Youshe Ren 《Journal of animal physiology and animal nutrition》2021,105(1):26-34
The objective of this study was to investigate the characteristics of ruminal microbial communities of alpacas (Lama pacos) and sheep (Ovis aries) fed three diets with varying ratios of roughage (corn stalk) to concentrate, 3:7 (LS), 5:5 (MS) and 7:3 (HS). Six alpacas (one-year-old and weighing 29.5 ± 7.1 kg) and six sheep (one-year-old and weighing 27.9 ± 2.7 kg) were used in this study, in a replicated 3 × 3 Latin square experiment. Total protozoa concentration was determined under the microscope; total fungi and methanogens were assessed using quantitative polymerase chain reaction and expressed as a percentage of total bacterial 16S rRNA gene copies; bacterial communities were investigated by targeted 16S rRNA gene (V3–V4 region) sequencing. The percentage of fungi was significantly higher in alpacas than in sheep under the LS diet, while the concentration of protozoa was significantly lower in alpacas under HS, MS and LS diets. The alpha diversity including Shannon, Chao l and ACE indices of bacterial communities was higher in alpacas than in sheep, under the LS diet. A total of 299 genera belonging to 22 phyla were observed in the forestomach of alpaca and sheep, with Bacteroidetes and Firmicutes dominating both animal species. Phyla Armatimonadetes and Fusobacteria, as well as 64 genera, were detected only in alpacas, whereas phyla Acidobacteria and Nitrospira, as well as 44 genera, were found only in sheep. The abundance of cellulolytic bacteria, including Butyrivibrio and Pseudobutyrivibrio, was higher in alpacas than in sheep under all three diets. These differences in the forestomach microbial communities partly explained why alpacas displayed a higher poor-quality roughage digestibility, and a lower methane production. Results also revealed that the adverse effects of high-concentrate diets (70%) were lesser in alpacas than in sheep. 相似文献
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提出了环泵泡沫比例混合器和泡沫压力比例混合器在相应灭火系统中的应用、安装和操作中应注意的问题,对两种泡沫比例混合器组成的系统进行了对比,认为环泵比例混合泡沫灭火系统采用正压进水,可以克服负压进水方式存在的缺陷,比较适合油库火灾的扑救;压力比例混合泡沫灭火系统灵活性、匹配性较差,适用于泡沫混合液流量相对不变的火灾扑救。 相似文献
8.
北京植物园引种日本梅花品种初探 总被引:4,自引:3,他引:1
北京植物园 1998年从日本引进梅花品种 39个。通过几年的观察、驯化 ,初步优选出可在北京地区生长的梅花品种 2 9个。 2 0 0 3年冬用电导法测定不同品种的抗寒力。对日本梅花品种在北京地区的栽培、养护及应用进行了初步探讨。 相似文献
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