稀土肥料对紫花苜蓿产草量影响的研究

通过7种稀土肥料处理对二年龄和三年龄苜蓿产草量的影响研究,结果表明不同稀土肥料对紫花苜蓿的增产效果差异显著,其中大丰收(氨基酸螯合稀土)、植物全营养素(巨源)、常乐益植素对苜蓿产量的提高效果最显著,稀土磷肥增产不明显。     

硅藻土杀虫剂处理后储粮害虫成虫体重减轻与死亡

研究了硅藻土杀虫剂“普粮泰”对米象、谷蠹、玉米象和锯谷盗成虫体重的影响。在30±1℃、65%±1%RH条件下,试虫分别在0.5~8 g/m2的粉剂药膜上处理1天,它们(顺序同上)的平均体重分别减少了0.1、0.4、0.2和0.2 mg/头,在相同条件下培养7天后,它们的平均死亡率分别为52%、100%、97%和100%。在25±1℃、65%±1%RH条件下,经过1 g/m2粉剂药膜处理锯谷盗1天后,在原条件下不提供食物保持3天,平均每头锯谷盗体重比对照减少了0.2~0.3 mg/头,平均死亡率达到76%。由此可见,硅藻土杀虫剂处理的储粮害虫成虫体重明显减少(P<0.05),死亡率很高,说明硅藻土杀虫剂可能破坏了试虫体壁保持体内水分的蜡质层,从而引起锯谷盗失水干燥而死。     

稀土对阿尔巴斯白绒山羊瘤胃发酵,消化代谢及其生产性能的影响

实验１用４只安装永久性瘤胃漏管的阿尔巴斯白绒山羊（母），进行瘤胃消化代谢试验；实验２用６只成年母绒山羊进行消化代谢试验；试验３选用同品种成年妊娠母羊进行放牧补饲实验。实验１得出，稀土的使用可促进瘤胃内ＮＨ３－Ｎ的利用；细菌数比对照组提高３５．６７％；丙酸产量提高２８．６３％。实验２得出，稀土可提高绒山羊日粮ＤＭ、ＯＭ、ＧＥ及ＡＤＦ消化率，分别为１１．５８％、１２．２７％、１６．６９％和２６．２９％；每日氮存留率比对照组提高１８０．１％。实验３得出，稀土组产绒量比对照组提高８．９０％。     

沙区五种珍稀濒危植物水分生理指标测定及分析

本文在测定沙区５种珍稀濒危植物的水分生理指标的基础上，分析了其抗旱性，意在探讨适应干旱环境的特性。研究结果表明：矮沙冬青保水能力与吸水能力强，对干燥炎热的环境有很强的适应性；银沙槐蒸腾强度大，失水快，但吸水力强，补偿水分快；裸果木通过强的保水力适应干旱；绵刺以强的吸水力和抗脱水力适应环境；准噶尔无叶豆以体内水分自我调节作用适应大气干旱。     

Effects of land ownership and landscape-level factors on rare-species richness in natural areas of southern Ontario,Canada

Surprisingly few studies have considered the extent to which the nature of the ownership of land is associated with differences in biodiversity. We analysed ownership and other landscape-level effects on rare-species richness for both globally- and regionally-rare biota (including birds, herpetofauna, butterflies, mammals, and plants) in 289 designated natural areas (NAs) in southern Ontario, Canada. Information about each NA −including area, number of plant communities, ownership status and details of species diversity were collected from published sources. Length of perimeter of NA, relative isolation, and an estimate of fragmentation were measured using image analysis and GIS techniques. NAs were in general relatively small, with mean area of 158 ha (median 85 ha, range from 0.9 to 1278 ha) for private NAs; public NAs had mean area of 132 ha (median 16 ha, range from 0.1 to 1481 ha). Mean number of plant communities was 4.6 (median 4, range 1- 13) at private NAs and 3.8 (median 3, range 1-16) at public NAs. Our results show that, of several landscape-level factors, area had the greatest effects on rare-species richness and other biotic indices. Effects of area were followed by effects of plant community diversity, however this was itself significantly affected by area and the extent of perimeter of the NA. Both these factors were followed by effects of ownership of the NA and by effects of isolation of the NA (represented by minimum distance to nearest NA and by number of NAs in 10 km radius). Other landscape- level factors did not appear to have overall significant effects. Variation in area accounted for 0.1% to 29% of variation in number of rare species, with lower values for globally-rare, than for regionally-rare taxa. For all biotic groups, public ownership of NAs was associated with significantly greater rare-species richness compared to private ownership, even after other factors such as area were controlled. For all globally-rare biota except butterflies, area of NA had greater effects on rare-species richness than did ownership. Richness of regionally- rare birds was more affected by plant community diversity than by area of NA. Number of recorded plant communities accounted from 2.1% of variation in number of globally-rare plant species to as high as 31% of variation in regionally-rare butterflies. The diversity of plant communities was itself influenced by total site area (accounting for 45% of variation), extent of elongation of the NA, and both external- and interior- edge perimeters. Public NAs had greatest numbers of rare biota and so should be a significant focus for conservation programs. Smaller, privately-owned patches of natural area dominate (by number and area) in this densely populated region and their significance should not be overlooked. This revised version was published online in July 2006 with corrections to the Cover Date.     

镧素对镰刀菌Fusarium solani及其致病酶的影响

采用琼脂平板生长速率法及液体培养基培养测定了La对镰刀菌Fusarium solani的抑制作用和毒力,并测定了其对病菌胞外的果胶酶、蛋白酶和纤维素酶等几种致病酶活性的影响。结果表明,随着La2O3浓度升高,对病菌菌丝生长的抑制作用增强,对病菌的EC50和EC95分别为278.2和552.0 mg/L;在一定浓度范围内,La提高了单位量菌丝所产生3种致病酶的活性,但由于菌丝生长受到抑制,除蛋白酶外,病菌胞外致病酶果胶酶和纤维素酶的总量或总活性受到了抑制,降低了病菌的致病力。     

稀土对刺槐苗木生理特性影响的研究

稀土对刺槐苗木生理特性影响的研究赵兰勇，梁玉堂（山东农业大学林学院泰安２７１０１８）王九龄（北京林业大学北京１０００８３）关键词稀土，刺槐，光合速率，叶绿素含量，水分利用效率，矿质元素含量近年来，稀土元素在农业上的应用研究越来越受到人们的重视，并且已...     

稀土元素铈对‘红地球’葡萄组培苗生长的影响

 以‘红地球’葡萄组培苗茎段为外植体，在培养基中添加1～100 mg·L^-1 Ce(NO₃)₃，，研究 不同浓度Ce(NO₃)₃对其生长的影响。结果表明适宜浓度的Ce(NO，)，(1～10 mg·L^-1 )对‘红地球’葡萄组培苗的生长具有促进作用，加快外植体生根，侧根数及侧根总长显著增加,根、茎、叶鲜样质量和干样质量也增加，根系活力提高而增加移栽成活率，增加叶绿素含量，有利于植株对矿质营养的吸收。而100 mg·L^-1。Ce(NO₃)₃对葡萄组培苗生长起明显抑制作用。     

Application and Advancement of Reinforced Earth Technique

In this paper, the application of reinforced earth technique, principle and calculation method, new reinforced materials developed and produced are introduced. A few of key technical problems in reinforced earth application is discussed, such as reinforced earth behavior, calculation method, durability of reinforced material, amendment and complement of the current standards. Then, the reinforced earth technique development and advancement were introduced.     

Research on Design Methods for Reinforced Earth Retaining Wall with Cohesive Backfill

For the stability analysis of the reinforced earth retaining wall with cohesive backfill, this paper assumes that the state of failure surface is circular sliding surface and the bearing capacity is straight line relation with capacity and length of the reinforcement strip. These formulas agree with actual state of the reinforced earth retaining wall with cohesive backfill and result in saving reinforcement material in the design.