四棱豆优良品种的引种和良种选育研究

1998～ 1999年 ,在四川南充市对 15份四棱豆材料进行了引种和良种选育试验。选出了适合四川南充地区栽培的 4个优良品种 ,其中 96 - 13具早熟、高产、抗病特性 ;K0 0 0 9和K0 0 10具高产、抗病特性 ;96 - 14 - 1具矮生直立、抗病特性。     

Aluminum contents of the edible portions of the winged bean,Psophocarpus tetragonolobus (L.) DC. (Fabaceae): Field study and caveat

The winged bean,Psophocarpus tetragonolobus (L.) DC has been widely recognised as a potentially useful source of protein for tropical regions of the world. A neglected aspect of the plants nutritional quality has been the reporting of the accumulation of aluminum (Al) in the edible parts of the plant; the leaves, pods, seeds and tubers. The accumulation of Al in the plant on acidic tropical soils and the implication of Al to human health problems further justified the inclusion of Al in nutritional analysis. Field experiments on two varieties of the winged bean, the USDA-releaseHi-Flyer and an unnamed variety from the Phillipines, showed that all edible portions of the plant accumulate Al from high to very high levels when compared to an average of usually less than 300 ppm in other crop plants. Aluminum accumulation is generally highest in the youngest tissues particularly in the young roots with levels recorded as high as 25,000 ppm and these contents are as high as levels for recognised Al accumulators such as the leaves ofPinus and tea. Future improvement breeding programs for the winged bean will necessarily require identifying and taking advantage of possible variation in Al accumulation between varieties.     

四棱豆绿肥营养元素含量及品质评价

对17份四棱豆绿肥N、P、K、Ca、Mg、S、Fe、B、Mn、Cu、Zn、Mo、Cd、Cr、Hg、Pb、As营养元素含量进行分析评价。结果表明,四棱豆是含N、P、K高的优质绿肥,且中微量元素含量丰富,重金属含量低。根据综合评价,17份四棱豆均属于二级或三级有机肥。     

NaCl胁迫对四棱豆种子萌发及幼苗生长的影响

以四棱豆为材料,研究不同浓度NaCl对四棱豆种子萌发及幼苗生理特性的影响.结果表明：四棱豆种子的萌发能够抵抗低浓度NaCl （0.2％）以下的盐胁迫,对四棱豆种子的影响较小,随着NaCl浓度的增大,种子萌发率呈下降趋势,并达到显著水平.四棱豆幼苗的株高、根长、幼苗地上部和地下部自然含水率、在NaCl浓度（0.2％）以下的盐胁迫影响不明显,之后随着NaCl浓度的增加均不同程度呈下降趋势.研究结果为四棱豆在盐碱地的开发利用提供了参考.     

Inheritance of pigmentation and pod shape in winged bean

Summary The inheritance of five qualitative character differences in winged bean was studied in two crosses. All five character pairs were based on a single gene difference with complete dominance of purple over green stem colour, purple over green calyx colour, purple over green pod wing colour, purple specks over green pod and rectangular over flat pod shape. Linkage was observed between stem and calyx colour and also pod wing colour and pod specks.     

Papua New Guinea: A centre of genetic diversity in winged bean (Psophocarpus tetragonologus (L.) Dc.)

Summary The results of an exploration and collection work on Psophocarpus tetragonolobus (L.) Dc. are presented. A wealth of genetic diversity in the Highlands of Papua New Guinea was uncovered, and experimental work resulted in isolation of 121 pure lines as the first germplasm collection. It is believed that it may not be indigenous to Papua New Guinea but that it has been introduced to this Island long before the first European contact. The implications of the finding for the development of this species in present and in future it discussed.     

Some observations on the origin and evolution of the winged bean (Psophocarpus tetragonolobus)

Summary On the basis of phytogeographic evidence it is suggested that Psophocarpus tetragonolobus has an African ancestry, a possible parallel with the origin of guar (Cyamopsis tetragonoloba) is suggested. The most probable ancestral species is Ps. grandiflorus native to East Africa from Ethiopia to Zaire. This hypothesis could be tested by experimental hybridization between the cultigen and its closest wild relative Ps. grandiflorus.     

四棱豆的开发利用价值及其高产栽培技术

从食用，药用、饲用、肥用等方面阐述了四棱豆的开发利用价值：通过对国内外14个四棱豆品种进行引种栽培试验，从环境条件、品种选择、种植制度、育苗定植、田间管理、病虫害防治等方面提出了四棱豆高产栽培技术。     

Induced mutations in winged bean (Psophocarpus tetragonolobus L. DC) with low tannin content

Four mutants of winged bean (Psophocarpus tetragonolobus (L.) DC) with altered tannin content were selected among the M₃ seeds present on M₂ plants following mutagenic treatment of seeds of cvs UPS 122 and Kade 6/16 using gamma radiation from a Co⁶⁰ gamma source. These mutants were selected from the most chimeric parts of the M₁ plant, which had earlier been identified to be the first mature pods on the M₁ plant and the earliest formed M₂ seeds in the M₁ pods. The indirect selection of tannin mutants was based on searching for seed coat colour changes in M₃ seeds. Cv UPS 122 yielded the mutants 3/1-10-12 and X22 from 1958 and 1883 M₂ plants respectively. Cv Kade 6/16 yielded the mutants 3/9-0-12 and 3/4-10-7 from 1442 and 1011 M₂ plants respectively. One of the mutants, 3/4-10-7, which was the only desirable one, had a level of tannin of about 25% of the wild type cv. Kade 6/16. The other three mutants had similar or increased tannin levels. This revised version was published online in July 2006 with corrections to the Cover Date.     

Variation in protein and nitrate content of vegetative growth of winged beans

Abstract

The 68 winged bean (Psophocarpus tetragonolobus) accessions evaluated showed considerable variability In protein and nitrate % and vigor of second year vegetative growth. Protein content of vegetative growth ranged from 11 to 32% with a mean of 22%. Nitrate content ranged from 0.01 to 1.02%. The 3 Psophocarpus scandens accessions evaluated tended to have about the same protein %, lower nitrate % and greater vegetative growth than P. tetragonolobus.