亚硫酸法降解沙棘籽原花色素的条件优化

以沙棘籽原花色素为原料、亚硫酸为降解剂,应用均匀设计法设计试验,考察降解时间、降解温度、料液比和亚硫酸用量对原花色素降解效果的影响。结果表明:亚硫酸法最佳降解条件为:温度80℃、时间60 min、料液比1∶8(g∶L)、亚硫酸体积分数为12%,在此条件下亚硫酸降解效果明显,降解前平均聚合度为13.42,降解后平均聚合度为7.53。     

响应面法优化超临界CO_2萃取葡萄籽原花青素工艺

[目的]以乙醇为提取溶剂进行超临界CO2萃取葡萄籽原花青素的工艺研究。[方法]采取单因素试验结合响应面法对葡萄籽中原花青素的提取工艺进行优化。[结果]试验得到葡萄籽中原花青素提取工艺的最佳条件:乙醇体积分数69.22%,CO25 L/h,提取时间62.82 min,料液比1∶1.13 g/ml,提取温度55℃,提取压力35 MPa。在此条件下葡萄籽中原花青素产率理论值为164.916 mg/kg,实测值为(163.60±0.93)mg/kg,原花青素的纯度为88.5%。[结论]研究可为促进新疆葡萄资源的综合利用提供参考和理论指导。     

超声波辅助法提取三叶青原花青素工艺的研究

以三叶青块根为原料提取原花青素。通过使用超声波辅助法提取原花青素,以葡萄籽原花青素作为分析标品,利用香草醛-盐酸法绘制原花青素含量标准曲线,并对三叶青原花青素含量进行初步定量分析。单因素提取试验分析结果表明,乙醇体积分数、料液比、浸提时间和浸提温度4因素对三叶青原花青素的提取率影响较大,可作为后续工艺优化的主要控制因素。正交试验分析结果显示了最优提取工艺条件为乙醇体积分数为50%,料液比为1∶20,浸提温度为40℃,浸提时间为20min,此条件下的原花青素提取率可达最高。     

Inhibitory effect of proanthocyanidins B1 and B2 on inflammation of BV-2 cells induced by lipopolysaccharide

AIM: To investigate the different inhibitory effects of proanthocyanidins B1 and B2, which are isomers, on the inflammatory response of BV-2 cells induced by lipopolysaccharide (LPS). METHODS: MTT assay was used to detect the effects of proanthocyanidins B1 and B2 on the viability of BV-2 cells. LPS (1 mg/L) was used to promote BV-2 cells to secrete inflammatory factors. ELISA, chemotaxis assay and Western blot were used to detect the influence of proanthocyanidins B1 and B2 on the levels of tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α), interleukin-1β (IL-1β), cell chemotaxis and phosphorylation of NF-κB. RESULTS: Proanthocyanidins B1 and B2 did not show cytotoxicity effect on BV-2 cells. Proanthocyanidin B1 and B2 inhibited the cell chemotaxis, phosphorylation of NF-κB, and releases of TNF-α and IL-1β. CONCLUSION: Proanthocyanidins B1 and B2 inhibit the inflammatory response of BV-2 cells induced by LPS, and their action intensity didn't show significant difference.     

Effect of growing site,sampling date,wood location in trunk and drying method on concentration of soluble proanthocyanidins in Betula pendula wood,with special reference to wood colour

Proanthocyanidins (PAs), which are common phenolic compounds in plants, are considered to be mainly defensive compounds against different kinds of stress, e.g. herbivory. In addition to increasing after stress, they may condense and/or oxidize to form coloured compounds when cells die, which may affect both the resistance of xylem to rot and its colour. This is important in the mechanical wood industry. The effects of some biological factors (growing site, sampling date, wood location in the trunk) on the concentration of soluble PAs (sPAs) were studied in fresh and dried birch wood. Those factors that affected sPA concentration most were sampling date and radial location. Drying method also had a great effect on the sPA concentration, which in turn correlated with the colour of the wood.     

Physicochemical properties and in vitro digestion of extruded rice with grape seed proanthocyanidins

To characterize the impact of grape seed proanthocyanidins (GSPAs) on the physicochemical properties and in vitro digestibility of extruded rice, the XRD, RVA, DSC, FT-IR, micro-CT, as well as the in vitro digestion model was applied. Compared with normal rice, the extruded rice with different proportions of GSPAs (0–1.5%) increased the color depth, enhanced the porosity, and changed the semi-crystalline structure of extruded rice from an A-type to a mixture of A- and V-types. The viscosity and thermal properties of extruded rice with GSPAs were also changed noticeably. Additionally, a significantly lower equilibrium hydrolysis and k constant were observed in extruded rice with GSPAs (p < 0.05). Those results indicated that extruded rice with GSPAs could be an attractive approach to produce rice starchy food with low digestibility.     

玫瑰香葡萄生长期酚类物质含量及抗氧化活性的变化

 以玫瑰香(Muscat Hamburg)葡萄为试材,通过测定不同生长发育期酚类物质含量和其清除自由基的能力,对酚类物质的动态变化及其与抗氧化活性的关系进行了研究。结果表明,叶片、茎、卷须的总酚,类黄酮和原花色素含量随果实的发育呈先下降后上升的趋势,在果实快速生长期达到最低点,之后有所增加。叶片酚类物质含量最高,茎中含量最低。果皮酚类物质含量的变化趋势与叶、茎、卷须中相同,在果实成熟期达最低点。果肉中酚类物质含量极低,且在整个生长期内无明显变化。各器官的抗氧化活性与酚类物质含量呈正相关。     

响应曲面分析法优化葡萄籽原花青素提取工艺的研究

采用响应曲面分析法对葡萄籽原花青素的提取工艺进行优化。对提取率影响因素进行单因素分析后,以Box-Behnken设计(BBD)评价提取剂浓度、料液比、提取时间和提取温度4个因素显著性和交互作用的分析,得出葡萄籽原花青素的最佳提取条件为:丙酮浓度75%,料液比1∶10(w/v),时间44 min,温度51℃。在该条件下,葡萄籽原花青素提取率的预测值为2.90%,验证为2.88%,纯度为55.92%。     

松树皮原花青素的超声提取、超滤膜分离中试研究

通过松树皮原花青素的超声提取、膜分离纯化技术中试试验,考察了超声波提取温度、料液比、提取时间等单因素对原花青素得率的影响,试验得到了超滤膜工作压力、截留分子量的最佳工艺参数。结果表明,采用超声波强化逆流提取松树皮原花青素的最佳参数为：料液比1：12,超声温度60℃,提取时间30min;超滤膜分离纯化工艺参数为：膜工作压力0．2MPa,截留分子量5000。试验获得的松树皮原花青素经检测含量可达95％以上。