应用白杨透翅蛾性诱剂诱杀白杨透翅蛾成虫的实验

通过几种试验比较,找出诱杀白杨透翅蛾成虫更为合理的方法,并加以分析。     

白杨透翅蛾生物学特性及防治

记述了白杨透翅蛾在阜新城区的生活史、生物学特性 ,总结了防治方法     

猕猴桃准透翅蛾的研究

猕猴桃准透翅蛾Paranthrene actinidiae Yang et Wang是严重为害猕猴桃的一种新的蛀干害虫,主要为害中华猕猴桃。我们于1984—1987年对该虫进行了研究。该虫1年1代,幼虫7龄,以3—4龄虫在枝条隧道中越冬。越冬幼虫出蛰后转枝蛀害,盛期在寄主植株萌芽期。树龄5年生以上受害严重;离地30cm高处的主干围径超过15cm的植株,其被害株率均为100％。结合冬季清园修剪,清除虫枝可显著压低发生基数;春季在寄主植株展叶前应用敌敌畏、杀螟松、敌杀死等药液于被害处注射或涂抹防治幼虫。     

白杨透翅蛾性引诱剂利用的研究

白杨透翅蛾Paranthrene tabaniformis Rott,是我国北方杨树主要蛀干害虫之一。据在北京市调查,每年苗木被害率可达70％,防治又较困难,采用40％氧化乐果1:800倍液喷洒,需喷6—8次,才能控制。1982—1984年采用白杨透翅蛾性引诱剂反3、顺13-十八碳二烯醇对成虫发生期进行监测,可准确地预测成虫发生期在北京地区5月上旬为成虫羽化初期,直至10月中旬结束,历期可长达5个月之久,并测到有第二代成虫的出现。性诱与化防相结合,不仅减少喷药次数,有利于改善环境和保护天敌,而且提高防治效果,每亩在不喷农药的情况下可挽回损失95元。诱芯采用200μg剂量即可,诱捕距离可达100—200米。在整个成虫羽化期不必更换诱芯。     

西藏南部人工林病虫鼠害的调查初报

对西藏南部主要人工林区的调查表明，森林植物检疫对象杨干透翅蛾和危险性蛀干害虫光肩星天牛、桑天牛、青杨天牛、白杨透翅蛾等已经传入该区，多为从其他省份调入苗木所致。苹果绵蚜、梨锈病、藏鼠兔危害逐渐加重。针对该区实际情况，提出了控制森林病虫害的建议。     

Bioecological characteristics of Bracon intercessor Nees (Hymenoptera: Braconidae) as a parasitoid of the poplar clearwing moth, Paranthrene tabaniformis (Rott.) (Lepidoptera: Sesiidae) in Bulgaria

The major bioecological characteristics of Bracon intercessor Nees (Hymenoptera: Braconidae), a parasitoid of the poplar clearwing moth, Paranthrene tabaniformis (Rott.) (Lepidoptera: Sesiidae), were studied from 1987 to 2003. Poplar shoots infested with P. tabaniformis larvae were collected in 11 localities in Bulgaria and examined in the laboratory, and infestations were also studied in the field. B. intercessor was recorded in seven localities and was found to be a gregarious external larval parasitoid of P. tabaniformis. Two generations of the parasitoid developed on the host. The first (summer) generation was associated with early and mid-stage (up to third instar) host larvae, and the second (overwintering) generation with third- to fifth-instar larvae. The average number of parasitoid individuals feeding on a host was 4.5 and 12.4 in summer and overwintering generations, respectively. The maximum number recorded was 25 individuals per host in the overwintering generation. B. intercessor overwintered as a mature larva on the host and completed its development in early spring. The adults from the overwintering generation appeared in April, about 1 month prior to emergence of P. tabaniformis. The life cycle of B. intercessor was not in close synchrony with the development of P. tabaniformis in the spring, but the parasitoid adults which fed on honey-sugar solution lived for up to 31 days (males) and 86 days (females), respectively. This suggests that, in the field, B. intercessor females eclosing in the spring could survive until the host larvae appear if nectar is available. Adults of the summer generation emerge from July to September when sufficient suitable host larvae are available. B. intercessor was responsible for 1.5% of the average mortality of the P. tabaniformis overwintering larvae. The host mortality caused by the summer generation of the parasitoid ranged from 3.2% to 5.8%.     

新疆地区白杨透翅蛾幼虫空间分布型及其应用的研究

文章利用聚集度指标法和频次分布法对新疆地区4种杨树上的白杨透翅蛾幼虫的分布型进行了测定,测定结果表明:均属于聚集分布,其中三种杨树上的幼虫又同时符合负二项分布和奈曼分布,据此,对白杨透翅蛾为害的调查方法、理论抽样数、指导防治等方面作了应用研究。     

准噶尔盆地不同杨树品种对白杨透翅蛾抗性的研究

对49个杨树种、品种(无性系)的白杨透翅蛾Paranthrene tabaniformis Rott.危害指数和相对抗性指数进行了调查和分析,结果表明对白杨透翅蛾的抗性表现出很大的差异,大部分表现出一定的抗性,不同杂交组合的相对抗性指数差异显著,同一杂交组合的不同品种(无性系)间抗性也存在显著差异。准噶尔1号20、准噶尔3号、南林106-南林105、96号杨K15、三倍体毛白杨等5个品系为高抗品系。欧洲黑杨为高感品系,创新杨、胡杨为中感品系。     

几种农药枝干注入防治葡萄透羽蛾药效对比试验

[目的]为寻找能防治葡萄透羽蛾幼虫并保护葡萄枝条不被剪除的有效农药。[方法]通过枝条注药和干基注药两种方法,研究了DDVP、乐果、增效水胺硫磷和甲氰菊酯对葡萄透羽蛾幼虫的防治效果。[结果]枝条注药5d后,DDVP、乐果、增效水胺硫磷、甲氰菊酯对葡萄透羽蛾幼虫的杀虫率分别为85.5%、80.1%、70.8%、68.0%;干基注入克螨隆乳油2倍液,杀虫率达100%。通过向虫体直接喷洒增效水胺硫磷、甲氰菊酯,然后放入枝条中,3d后死亡率达94.2%。[结论]DDVP和乐果可作为防治葡萄透羽蛾的枝条注射用药,克螨隆可作为防治葡萄透羽蛾的干基注射用药,增效水胺硫磷、甲氰菊酯可作为在幼虫孵化期(5月上旬)的喷雾用药。     

天津地区白杨透翅蛾的发生现状及综合防治技术

从形态特征、发生规律、危害发生等方面介绍了白杨透翅蛾的生物学特性,分析了其在天津市的发生情况,最后提出了相应的综合防治措施。