Cost-efficient light control for production of two campanula species

A cost-efficient light control system based on weather forecasts, electricity prices and daily photosynthesis integral (DPI) was evaluated for application in the commercial production of the long-day (LD) plant Campanula portenschlagiana ‘Blue Get Mee’ and C. cochlearifolia ‘Blue Wonder’. Experiments were conducted under both autumn and spring conditions and included four treatments. Three treatments were controlled by the software system DynaLight Desktop which automatically defined the most cost-efficient use of supplemental light, -based on a predefined set point of DPI, forecasted solar irradiance and the market price on electricity. The set points of DPI in the three treatments were 300, 450 and 600 mmol CO₂ m⁻² leaf d⁻¹ and the treatments were compared with a traditional LD 19-h treatment. The DPI-based light control strategy resulted in very irregular light patterns including daily periods of solar irradiance combined with supplemental light in low light periods and a night period interrupted by irregular light breaks (NB-lighting). Both campanula species flowered in the DPI-based treatments during spring, but the flowering percentage was low and non-uniform during autumn. This was caused by a combination of the irregular light, low natural light intensities and a decrease in daily light integral (DLI), and could be restored by maintaining a continuous 19 h photoperiod with incandescent lamps (<5 μmol m⁻² s⁻¹), illustrating that photoperiod was an important factor for flowering in LD species grown under low light intensities. Growth in terms of carbon gain was marginally affected by the irregular light and a 25% reduction in electricity costs was achieved without major reductions in plant quality in spring. Our results illustrate that plant production of LD species can be maintained in a cost-efficient light control system where the use of supplemental light is based on weather forecasts and electricity prices.     

吖啶橙免疫荧光菌团培养浓集法快速检出鸡白痢和禽伤寒沙门氏菌的研究

本文报告经作者实验研究提出的吖啶橙免疫荧光菌团培养浓集法(AOIFBC法)用于人工感染雏肠内容物中S.P和S.g检出的结果:从109例感染雏中分离S.p.,并与常规分离培养对照。本法阳性率31.2％,漏检率3.7％;常规法阳性率17.4％,漏检率17.4％,二者阳性率差异显著(P<0.05),漏检率差异非常显著(P<0.01)离心沉淀物荧光菌团检查与沉淀物分离培养验证结果比较,二者符合率85.3％。从92例感染雏中分离S.g.,与常规分离培养对照。本法阳性率26.1％,漏检率2.2％;常规法阳性率19.6％,漏检率8.7％,二者阳性率和漏检率差异不显著(P>0.05)。离心沉淀物荧光菌团检查与沉淀物分离验证结果比较,二者符合率90.2％。     

吖啶橙简易免疫荧光术用于快速检出鸡白痢和禽伤寒沙门氏菌的方法研究

本文提出一种快速检出S.p.和S.g.的简易方法——吖啶橙免疫荧光菌团培养浓集法(AOIFBC法)。此法将吖啶橙高倍稀释后与少量沙门氏菌0:9单因子血清混合,配制成吖啶橙荧光抗体(AOFA),然后取少量加入经4小时增菌的液体标本中,再孵育1—4小时,可使与抗体结合的S.p.或S.g.凝集繁殖成亮绿色荧光菌团,低速离心沉淀后,在低倍荧光镜下容易检出。荧光菌团可取出培养进一步验证。试验表明,此法敏感度比无吖啶橙的显微沉淀凝集试验和玻片凝集试验分别高100倍和2500—5000倍。作AOIFBC法检查,特异性强:与鼠伤寒沙门氏菌等七种常见细菌无交叉荧光菌团形成;敏感度高:每毫升含S.p.活菌84×10~2个和S.g.活菌76×10~1个以上,可呈“++”→“++++”荧光菌团。本法对雏鸡粪液模拟标本检测,获得肯定的阳性结果。     

病、健鸡不同肠段正常菌群的研究

本项研究测定了病、健鸡空肠和直肠的双歧杆菌等11种细菌,结果显示鸡白痢病具有明显的肠内菌群失调。拟杆菌显著减少(P<0.01),大肠杆菌菌数增加(P<.0.1)而乳酸杆菌等7种茵无明显变化。     

雏鸡缺硒病的临诊观察

110只二日龄白洛克健雏随机分为三组,喂以缺硒(0.0065ppm)、补维生素E(100IU/kg)和补硒(0.2ppm)日粮,进行了系统临诊观察。缺硒雏鸡三周龄开始发病,四周龄达到高峰,发病率为100％,死亡率达71.79％。病雏主要表现为精神沉郁,食欲减损或废绝,生长缓慢,消瘦或呈恶病质。特征性症状-渗出性素质(发生率达74％),皮下明显水肿,尸检见皮下充血出血并积有多量兰绿色胶样水肿液。补维生素E能明显推迟发病时间,降低发病率(20％)、死亡率(10％)和预防渗出性素质。补0.2ppm硒可预防发病且促进了雏鸡的生长发育。     

基于朴素贝叶斯算法的语言特征描述研究

近年来计算语言学理论与方法的迅速发展与逐渐成熟带动了文本挖掘等交叉领域的进步,取得了一定的实践成果,但通过交叉领域的进步反过来促进语言学发展的研究却相对较少。本研究从网络新闻语料入手,基于朴素贝叶斯算法,探究了特征词数与真实语料的关系,为理论与应用研究提供了相关数据与思路。     

Effect of interfering TGF-β receptor Ⅱ expression on viability,differentiation and apoptosis of NB4 cells

AIM: To evaluate the effect of interfering TGF-β receptor Ⅱ (TβRⅡ) expression on the viability and differentiation of human acute promyelocytic leukemia NB4 cells induced by all-trans retinoic acid (ATRA) and their apoptosis induced by arsenic trioxide (ATO). METHODS: The technique of lentivirus-mediated RNA interference was used to obtain stable NB4 cells with TβRⅡ knockdown, named TβRⅡ-shRNA NB4 cells. CCK-8 assay was used to detect the viability of TβRⅡ-shRNA NB4 cells. The expression level of CD11b was analyzed by flow cytometry, and Wright-Giemsa staining was used to detect the effects of ATRA on the differentiation of TβRⅡ-shRNA NB4 cells. Double staining (Annexin V-FITC/PI) and AO/EB staining were used to detect the effects of ATO on the apoptosis of TβRⅡ-shRNA NB4 cells. RESULTS: The viability of TβRⅡ-shRNA NB4 cells was significantly higher than that of NB4 parental cells. The differentiation was induced in TβRⅡ-shRNA NB4 cells and NB4 parent cells by treatment with ATRA at different concentration (0.01, 0.02, 0.04, 0.08, 0.1 μmol/L) for 96 h. The differentiation rate of TβRⅡ-shRNA NB4 cells was lower than that of NB4 parental cells in a dose-dependent manner. ATO induced apoptosis of TβRⅡ-shRNA NB4 cells and NB4 parent cells at different concentrations (2, 4 and 8 μmol/L) for 24 h. The apoptotic rate of TβRⅡ-shRNA NB4 cells was lower than that of NB4 parental cells dose-dependently. At the concentration of 8 μmol/L for 24 h, the apoptotic rates in TβRⅡ-shRNA NB4 cells and NB4 cells were (49.15±2.05)% and (66.85±2.41)%, respectively (P<0.01). CONCLUSION: Down-regulation of TβRⅡ increases the viability of NB4 cells, inhibits NB4 cell differentiation induced by ATRA, and also inhibits apoptosis induced by ATO.     

Assessing the cross-scale impact of 50 years of agricultural transformation in Argentina

Given the increasing number of actors related to farming that make decisions at different scales (plot, farm, region, etc.), knowledge about patterns and processes that behave hierarchically is increasingly needed. This is necessary in countries like Argentina, where cultivation expanded at increasing pace during the last 50 years over an area of 1.47 million km². Relying on different sources of existing data, the purpose of this work was to assess the cross-scale dependence of patterns and processes related to the expansion of cultivation in Argentina. The study involved indicators of (i) carbon, nitrogen and phosphorous stocks, (ii) energy productivity, fossil energy consumption, C, N and P balances, water consumption and greenhouse gases fluxes, and (iii) impacts related to pesticide contamination, habitat intervention and soil erosion. Three scales involving (i) regions, (ii) macro-regions and (iii) the whole country were analyzed. Principal Components, Correlation and Regression Analysis were used to identify and quantify meaningful relationships between the different scales. The expansion of annual crops affected C-N-P stocks significantly at the regional scale, whereas it influenced energy and matter flows, and contamination across all scales. This finding explains conflictive responses to land use and management when different scales are considered and shows that scale dependency needs to be considered when their effects on the environment are explored and quantified.