玉米秸秆消化率全基因组关联分析

48h体外干物质消化率（48h in vitro dry matter digestibility, 48h IVDMD）是衡量青贮玉米品质的重要指标。为了初步探究玉米秸秆消化率的分子遗传机理,以341份玉米自交系为材料,于2018年在沈阳和通辽种植,收获后测定秸秆48h IVDMD。利用全基因组重测序获得的6 276 612个高质量SNPs进行全基因组关联分析,共检测到153个与玉米秸秆消化率显著相关的SNPs位点（P<1.0×10^-6）,4个SNPs显著水平在P<1.0×10^-8以上;共找到38个秸秆消化率的候选基因,主要涉及细胞生长发育、防御反应和信号转导等生物学功能。     

Comparison of flagellin and an oil-emulsion adjuvant in inactivated Newcastle disease vaccine in stimulation of immunogenic parameters

The present study was designed to investigate the potential application of native (N) and recombinant (truncated modified [tmFliC] and full-length [flFliC]) flagellin proteins along with inactivated Newcastle disease virus (NDV). Fifty six SPF chickens were immunized twice with PBS (control), inactivated NDV (Ag), inactivated NDV/flFliC (AgF), inactivated NDV/tmFliC (AgT), inactivated NDV/N (AgN), commercial vaccine containing Montanide (Vac) and Vac/N (VacN), with a two-week interval. Blood was collected weekly and spleens were harvested after chickens were sacrificed. Interleukin-6 (IL-6) and tumor necrotic factor-α (TNF-α) gene expression in peripheral blood mononuclear cells were analyzed by Real-Time PCR. Antibody response was assessed by haemagglutination inhibition (HI). Cellular activity was quantified by MTT assay. Results showed that the most IL-6 and TNF-α gene expression was observed in AgF group (P < 0.01). The lowest gene expression among vaccinated groups was observed in Ag group for IL-6 and Ag and Vac group for TNF-α. The highest HI titer was observed in Vac, VacN, AgF and AgT groups. The AgF group showed the highest cellular activity (P < 0.01). In conclusion, flagellin-adjuvanted groups showed a pro-inflammatory effect and acted similarly to or better than the Vac group. Hence, flagellin can be proposed as a potential adjuvant for ND vaccine.     

Characterization of bovine ileal epithelial cell line for lectin binding,susceptibility to enteric pathogens,and TLR mediated immune responses

In this study, primary and immortalized bovine intestinal epithelial cells (BIECs) were characterized for the expression of surface carbohydrate moieties. Primary BIEC-c4 cells showed staining greater than 90 % for 16 lectins but less than 50 % staining for four lectins. Immortalized BIECs showed significantly different lectin binding profile for few lectins compared to BIEC-c4 cells. BIEC-c4 cells were studied for infectivity to E. coli, Salmonella enterica, bovine rotavirus, bovine coronavirus, and bovine viral diarrhea virus. Bovine strain E. coli B41 adhered to BIEC-c4 cells and Salmonella strains S. Dublin and S. Mbandaka showed strong cell invasion. BIEC-c4 cells were susceptible to bovine rotavirus. LPS stimulation upregulated IL-10, IL-8, and IL-6 expression and Poly I:C upregulated TLR 8 and TLR 9 expression. This study provides important knowledge on the glycoconjugate expression profile of primary and immortalized BIECs and infectivity and immune responses of primary BIECs to bacterial and viral pathogens or ligands.     

我国黄瓜抗病品种选育技术研究进展

黄瓜在我国蔬菜产业中占有重要地位,然而连片种植、重茬栽培等条件下容易滋生病菌,尤其是随着我国保护地蔬菜生产规模的扩大,棚室内的温湿度条件更利于病害的发生与流行,黄瓜生产上面临着严重的病虫害威胁,包括生理性病害、感染性病害及虫害等。本文从抗病品种选育的角度分析了黄瓜病害抗病品种选育技术,并简要介绍了其他防治方法,展望了相关研究的发展方向,为黄瓜病虫害的防治提供参考。     

寨卡病毒SYBR GreenⅠreal-time PCR方法的建立及应用

为建立一种针对寨卡病毒的快速诊断方法,本研究根据寨卡病毒的3’端保守基因序列,设计合成1对引物,建立了检测寨卡病毒的荧光定量PCR方法。结果显示:所建立的检测方法的Ct值与标准品在1.41×10^1~1.41×10^10^ copies/μL具有良好的线性关系,相关性为1,斜率为-3.502;灵敏性结果显示,该方法的检测限度为1.41×10^1 copies/μL,是普通PCR的10000倍;特异性结果显示,对CHIKV、DENV和JEV无特异性扩增,特异性强;重复性试验结果显示,组内和组间变异系数均小于1%,重复性好。本研究建立的SYBR Green I real-time PCR检测方法,可用于寨卡病毒感染的快速诊断。     

Zerumbone attenuates MPP+-induced cytotoxicity in human neuroblastoma SH-SY5Y cells by inhibition of oxidative stress

AIM: To investigate the role of zerumbone (ZER) in 1-methyl-4-phenylpyridinium (MPP⁺)-induced cytotoxicity of human neuroblastoma SH-SY5Y cells. METHODS: Human neuroblastoma SH-SY5Y cells were cultured in vitro and the protective effect of ZER against MPP⁺-induced cytotoxicity was measured by CCK-8 assay. Flow cytometry was used to determine the apoptosis and reactive oxygen species (ROS). The expression of Parkinson disease protein 7 (PARK7) was knocked-down by using PARK7-specific short hairpin RNA (shRNA). The protein levels of PARK7, nuclear factor E2-related factor 2 (Nrf2) and heme oxygenase-1 (HO-1) were determined by Western blot. RESULTS: MMP⁺ remarkably reduced the cell viability in a dose-dependent and time-dependent manner. The SH-SY5Y cell injury model was established by treatment with MPP⁺ at 600 μmol/L for 24 h. ZER up-regulated the protein levels of PARK7 and Nrf2 (P<0.05), alleviated apoptosis (P<0.05), and reduced ROS production (P<0.05) in the SH-SY5Y cell injury model. Meanwhile, N-acetyl-L-cysteine (NAC) had the similar functions. Moreover, significant reductions in the protein levels of Nrf2 and HO-1 (P<0.05), and obvious increases in apoptosis (P<0.05) and ROS level (P<0.05) were demonstrated in PARK7-knockdown cells. CONCLUSION: ZER protects SH-SY5Y cells against MPP⁺-induced cytotoxi-city, which may be related to activation of PARK7/Nrf2/HO-1 pathway, and subsequent attenuation of oxidative stress and apoptosis.     

黄瓜病虫害绿色防控技术及示范成效

黄瓜病虫害种类多、危害大,传统用药方式严重影响产品质量和口感。为了保证直供上海的黄瓜达到无公害要求,对生产基地采取农业防治、生态控制、生物防治和物理防治相结合的绿色防控措施,化学农药使用量减少30%,综合防治效果在85%以上,有效减少了防治次数,降低了农产品的农药残留,667 m~2增产600 kg,增值600元左右。收到了较好的经济、生态及社会效益。     

1株H1N1亚型猪流感病毒的全基因组特征及其对小鼠的致病性

旨在了解河南省猪流感病毒的流行情况及其遗传进化和基因组特征。2018年4月，从河南省某一出现疑似流感症状猪群中采集鼻拭子样品150份用于分离病毒，对分离病毒的全基因组进行序列测定和分析。同时感染6周龄BALB/c小鼠，研究其对小鼠的致病性。结果显示，获得1株H1N1亚型病毒[命名为A/swine/Henan/NY20/2018（H1N1）]。遗传进化表明，其HA和NA基因属于欧亚类禽H1N1分支，PB2、PB1、PA、NP和M基因属于2009甲型H1N1分支，NS基因属于经典H1N1分支。HA蛋白的裂解位点序列为PSIQSR↓GL，具有低致病性流感病毒的分子特征，在小鼠肺和鼻甲有效复制并能引起肺组织病理学变化。本研究分离到1株3源重排H1N1亚型病毒，对小鼠呈现一定致病力，提示应进一步加强对SIV的监测。