大量元素水溶性肥料在番茄上的应用效果

对大量元素水溶性肥料在番茄上的应用效果进行了研究。结果表明：番茄喷施大量元素水溶性肥料后,能明显改善经济性状,促使株高、单株结果数、果实直径和单果重增加,增产效果明显。喷施后产量达到73 359.0 kg/hm2,较CK1（喷施清水,与处理1的喷药量和次数相同）和CK2（既不喷肥,也不喷水）分别增产6 493.5 kg/hm2和6 023.0 kg/hm2,增产率分别为9.71%和8.94%。且经济效益显著,施肥后的理论产值为117 374.4元/hm2,较CK1和CK2分别增加纯收入9 286.0元/hm2和9 756.4元/hm2。     

利用电感耦合等离子体质谱(ICP-MS)同时测定黄土性土壤中多种元素的研究

[目的]探讨利用电感耦合等离子体质谱(ICP-MS)同时测定黄土性土壤中多种元素的可行性.[方法]将标准物质和黄土性土壤进行一次湿法消解,使用ICP-MS同时测定样品中的多种大量和微量元素,计算标准物质中各元素的回收率和相对标准偏差确定方法的准确度和精密度以及黄土性土壤中各元素测定结果的精密度.[结果] ICP-MS法对于黄土性土壤中的多种大量和微量元素测定均具有良好的精密度.[结论] ICP-MS可用于黄土性土壤中多种大量和微量元素的同时测定.     

大花蕙兰不同生育时期叶片及假鳞茎内营养元素含量及分配特点

从营养学的角度,对大花蕙兰的2个传统品种不同生育时期叶片及假鳞茎内主要营养元素的含量及分配特点进行了研究,分析了各种元素在各个时期的分布情况,旨在为大花蕙兰栽培过程中合理施肥提供一定的理论参考。     

Effects of municipal reclaimed wastewater on the macro- and micro-elements status of soil and of Brassica oleracea var. Italica, and B. oleracea var. Gemmifera

An experiment was conducted in a greenhouse, located in Agrinion, Greece, where the effect of treated municipal wastewater (TMWW), compared to the ordinary irrigation water, was studied by means of a randomized block statistical design, on the macro- and micro-element and heavy metal content of Brassica oleracea var. Italica (Broccoli), and B. oleracea var. Gemmifera (Brussels sprouts) plants, as well as on the physical and chemical properties of the clay loam (CL) soil, and its inorganic composition, in order to examine the possibility of TMWW reuse for the irrigation of the above vegetables. The transplanting was done on December 2005, and harvesting of the heads and sprouts 16 weeks later, i.e. at the end of April. Ordinary irrigation water, TMWW, soil, and plant samples, were analyzed, and the data obtained were statistically processed. The following were found: applied TMWW increased significantly, in comparison to control, the content of some macro- and micro-elements in the soil, but the concentrations of most of them were generally within the accepted critical levels, except for P and Zn and Cd whose concentration varied as follows: in Brocoli soil P 18.36-41.16 mg/kg, Zn 3.61-4.64 mg/kg, and Cd 0.065-1.20 mg/kg, while in Brussels sprouts soil P 20.6-36.32 mg/kg, Zn 2.87-4.83 mg/kg and Cd 0.06-1.45 mg/kg. These results showed that TMWW had a residual effect with respect to these elements. Similarly, the TMWW increased significantly the heavy metal content in the dry matter of the roots as follows: in Brussel sprouts Cd varied from 0.0083 to 0.78, Co 0.029 to 3.38 and Ni from 4.83 to 7.27 μg/g, respectively, and in Broccoli Ni varied from 4.20 to 10.13 μg/g. TMWW also increased the accumulation of Fe in the roots of Broccoli from 379.5 to 1022.0 mg/kg. However, the levels of the heavy metals in the edible plant parts (heads and sprouts) were very high, varying as follows: in Broccoli Ni 3.91-4.15 μg/g, and Pb 9.82-10.40 μg/g, while in Brussels sprouts Cd 0.8-1.17 μg/g, Co 2.35-2.70 μg/g, and Ni 5.70-6.17 μg/g. These increased heavy metal contents in the edible plant parts, and the heavy FC and E. coli load of the TMWW, constitute a high health risk factor, and therefore the TMWW studied, cannot be used at the present time for the irrigation of these vegetables, unless it is subjected in the future, to a secondary or advanced primary treatment (APT).     

大量元素水溶性肥料对黄瓜农艺性状及产量的影响

采用田间试验研究了大量元素水溶性肥料对黄瓜农艺性状及产量的影响。试验结果表明,施用大量元素水溶性肥料可以改善黄瓜农艺和经济性状,具有显著的增产增收效果;游仙区街子乡喷施大量元素水溶肥黄瓜产量比常规施肥增加9.0%,667 m~2新增纯收入902元,比清水对照增加7.6%,667 m~2纯收入增加756元;三台县永明镇喷施大量元素水溶肥黄瓜产量比常规施肥增加9.8%,667 m~2新增纯收入986元,比清水对照增加8.3%,667 m~2纯收入增加842元。     

肥料对烤烟产量和品质影响的研究进展

综述了大量元素、微量元素以及有机肥料对烟草产量和品质影响的研究进展,指出了合理施肥是提高烟草产量和品质及提高烟草地力的重要手段。     

天泰大量元素水溶肥对小白菜生长和产量的影响

在两个不同地点,同时开展田间小区试验,每处设置大量元素水溶肥叶面喷施（T1）、常规尿素叶面喷施（T2）、等量清水叶面喷施对照（T3）3个处理,研究天泰大量元素水溶肥对小白菜生长和产量的影响。结果表明,商洛天泰商贸有限责任公司新研发的大量元素水溶肥能使小白菜平均增产304.92 kg·667 m^-2,增幅37.76%,667 m²净增纯收入666.29元,效果较为显著,同时叶面喷施该肥料后,小白菜叶色深绿,叶片较厚,纤维少,品质好,品种特性突出。     

浸水后梭梭同化枝渗出物的无机元素

采用等离子体发射光谱法，对梭梭离体同化技浸水后出现的大量不溶于水的渗出物进行了无机元素的测定，其中常量元素６种，微量元素１２种，并对梭梭同化枝和初生同化枝浸水后渗出物的无机元素进行了比较。     

毛竹成竹期各器官营养元素动态变化规律

[目的]研究毛竹成竹期大量及微量元素的变化规律。[方法]以2008年当年生毛竹为试材,结合其生长速度确定取样时间,对毛竹成竹期各器官大量元素N、P、K和微量元素Cu、Zn、Fe、Mn的含量动态变化规律进行研究。[结果]毛竹春笋期对N、P、K营养元素的需求均很大,笋体中N、P、K随笋生长而呈下降趋势。毛竹春笋期微量元素含量大小为Fe〉Zn〉Mn〉Cu。幼竹生长期根、枝、秆、叶各器官中大量元素N、P、K和微量元素Cu、Zn、Fe、Mn的含量均处于下降趋势,但在6月和7月不同器官中的部分元素出现吸收高峰。相关分析表明,毛竹春笋期各个元素间存在显著性和极显著性相关性的有24对,其中N和K与多个元素有显著或极显著相关性。[结论]大量元素N和K以及微量元素均是毛竹生长的重要元素。     

钾素水平对网纹甜瓜矿质元素积累及果实品质的影响

目前已报道的甜瓜专用营养液配方中钾素水平差异较大,影响植株生长和果实品质形成。为量化设施基质栽培网纹甜瓜的钾素供给,本试验在120,240和360 mg/L三个钾素水平下,对温室基质栽培网纹甜瓜的植株生长、矿质元素积累及氨基酸、香气物质等品质因子进行了测试分析。试验结果表明:营养液中240 mg/L的钾素水平可增强网纹甜瓜植株的生长势,促进茎杆粗壮,有利于矿质元素吸收,但对叶面积无显著影响。钾素施用水平对网纹甜瓜的单瓜重无显著影响,对营养风味品质的影响主要表现在显著提高果肉内可溶性固形物、谷氨酸、天门冬氨酸、丙氨酸及香气物质的含量。但钾素过量(360 mg/L)则会导致网纹甜瓜果实品质降低。生产实践中,温室基质栽培网纹甜瓜营养液中的最适钾素水平应为240 mg/L,此时植株对N,P,K,Ca,Mg的吸收比例为28∶5∶40∶21∶6。