微囊藻毒素的快速提取方法研究

我国水体蓝藻水华主要产生两种微囊藻毒素microcystin-LR(MCLR)和microcystin-RR(MCRR),针对蓝藻藻细胞内微囊藻毒素的提取和检测问题,提出微波和沸水浴取代传统溶剂萃取前处理的改善方法,采用标准品和实际样品分析了方法的可行性和提取效率.结果表明,沸水浴和微波(800W)处理10 min不会引起标准品的变异;以实验室培养的产毒铜绿微囊藻(Microcystis.aeruginosa)PCC7820为样品的提取实验表明,两种快速提取方法与传统的5%乙酸、70%甲醇萃取法提取效率的相对误差分别为4.6%(MCLR)和1.7%(MCRR).两种方法操作方便,并且可以有效地避免有机溶剂耗费和甲醇等有机溶剂残留对后续检测的干扰.应用该方法分析了天然水样,表明方法具有实用性.     

Microcystin-RR induces apoptosis in fish lymphocytes by generating reactive oxygen species and causing mitochondrial damage

Microcystin-RR (MCRR), a very widespread toxic microcystin in China, has previously been proved to induce sensitive apoptosis in Carassius auratus lymphocytes in vitro. This study focused on the role of intracellular Ca²⁺, mitochondrial membrane potential, reactive oxygen species, and intracellular ATP in the mechanism of MCRR-induced apoptotic toxicity to fish lymphocytes. Compared with controls, administration of MCRR (10 nmol L⁻¹) caused a massive calcium influx resulting in elevation of reactive oxygen species (ROS), rapid disruption of mitochondrial membrane potential (ΔΨm), and depletion of ATP. This study provided a possible mechanism for the cytotoxicity of microcystins to fish lymphocytes.