2000～2009年重庆市城乡居民收入与消费差异

选取重庆市2000-2009年城市居民与农村居民收入与消费的有关数据指标,采用实证分析法与比较分析法,从总体水平、消费结构、地域差异等方面进行了对比分析。结果表明,收入水平是影响城乡居民消费需求最直接、最根本的因素,并最终决定着城乡居民的消费层次和消费结构;重庆市城乡居民的消费结构呈现出明显的二元状态,城乡差距明显;重庆市城乡居民收入与消费低于全国平均水平,尤其是农村居民;重庆市＂一圈两翼＂之间农村居民的人均收入和人均消费差距都很明显。提出了完善财政转移支付制度、加快城镇化进程、统筹城乡产业发展、引导农民树立正确的消费观念等政策建议。     

烤烟品种比较试验的小区边际效应研究

[目的]保证烤烟小区试验的代表性和科学性。[方法]通过小区试验对烤烟品种比较试验的小区边际效应进行研究。[结果]各品种除产量不存在边行优势外,上等烟比例、上中等烟比例、烟叶外观质量、烟叶评吸质量等4个指标均存在不同程度的优势;边行优势最大值分别为9.4%、3.9%、11.6%和10.4%。边行优势存在一定的品种间差异性,综合分析,中烟103受优势影响最大,边际效应为10.9%,云烟87受优势影响最小,边际效应为9.1%。[结论]边际效应直接影响各个材料产量的高低及品质的排名,在烤烟品种比较试验中要通过适当扩大小区面积和选取内行植株调查来避免小区边际效应对结果的影响。     

毛环竹高产林分密度效应研究

本文运用Conb—Douglas生产函数理论，调查毛环竹丰产林36块标准地，配制竹林密度效应模型W=220．41256N0.5218831D0.2631992。对该模型进行生产弹性分析、边际产量分析，结果可为现有毛环竹林管理密度的调整提供科学理论依据。     

我国农村居民收入结构变化与消费关系研究

在对我国农村居民收入结构变化与消费进行现状分析的基础上，通过理论和实证分析，探讨了我国农村居民收入结构变化与消费的关系。     

Environmental performances of giant reed (Arundo donax L.) cultivated in fertile and marginal lands: A case study in the Mediterranean

Perennial rhizomatous grasses (PRGs) tend to have a high yield combined with a low environmental impact. Cultivation in marginal or poorly cultivated land is recommended in order not to compromise food security and to overcome land use controversies. However, the environmental impacts of using different types of soil are still unclear. We thus assessed the environmental impact of two giant reed (GR) systems cultivated in a fertile soil (FS) and in a marginal soil (MS) through a cradle-to-plant gate LCA. We analyzed energy balance, GHG emissions (including LUC, not including iLUC), and the main impacts on air, water and soil quality. In both systems the annualized soil carbon sequestration was more than twofold the total GHG emitted, equal to −6464 kg CO₂eq ha⁻¹ in FS and −5757 kg CO₂eq ha⁻¹ in MS. Overall, soil characteristics affected not only GR yield level, but also its environmental impact, which seems to be higher in the MS system both on a hectare and tonne basis. The production of GR biomass in marginal soil could thus lead to higher environmental impacts and a more extensive land requirement.     

玉米氮磷最佳施肥比例与报酬递减律研究

采用氮磷施肥比例试验与最佳氮磷比例条件下施肥量试验相结合的设计方法,对平衡土壤养分类型和不平衡土壤养分类型玉米的边际产量变化规律进行了研究。结果表明,2种养分类型的土壤种植玉米,在最佳氮磷施肥比例与最大施肥量条件下,玉米边际产量基本为一常数;超过最大施肥量后,玉米的边际产量显著降低,不同年份和不同区域平衡与不平衡土壤养分类型种植玉米均具有同样的规律,并非经典理论所表述的随着施肥剂量的增加呈递减规律。     

京郊边际土地纤维素类能源草规模化种植与管理技术

为探索能源植物在北京及周边地区的发展潜力,在京郊挖沙废弃地、荒滩地、撂荒地、污染农田4种边际土地上开展了柳枝稷、荻、芦竹和杂交狼尾草4种纤维素类能源草的规模化种植。在此基础上,总结提出了京郊边际土地纤维素类能源草规模化种植与管理技术,为基于边际土地发展京郊生物质原料生产与生物质能源产业奠定了良好的技术基础。     

Research on the Effectiveness of the Direct Regulation Pricing Methods of Public Utility

This paper analyzes the industrial organization of public utility and its cause and synthetically researches government direct regulating pricing methods of public utility, mostly the static or dynamic cost mark-up pricing methods. It is indicated by the means of game theory and imperfect contract theory, under the conditions of imperfect information and the government's inferior position, It's impossible to develop the incentive mechanism to utility enterprise, makes low productivity in public utility. The inefficiency of the cost monitor and control is inevitable when the direct regulation pricing system be used. The thought of direct pricing methods is a mechanical obstruction to improve the effectiveness of public utility. It's the radical approach for the government to reform the regulation modes in order to improve the effectiveness and social surplus of public utility.     

边缘效应应用与高产优质高效农业的发展

本文在总结边缘效应在农业生产中应用的情况及其产生效果的基础上,诊断继续拓广边缘效应的应用范围，将对高产优质高效农业的发展起着重要的作用，并指出了应用边缘效应时应注意的问题。     

农村劳动力转移的经济学分析

利用我国农村劳动力流动曲线对农村劳动力的转移进行了经济学分析,得出了相关结论,并提出了相应的政策建议。