五味子主要活性成分提取方法的研究进展

五味子含有多种生物活性成分,具有较高的药用和保健价值.文章对近年来五味子木脂素、多糖、挥发油等主要活性成分的提取方法做一综述和展望,以利于进一步的研究与开发利用     

Knotwood and bark extracts: strong antioxidants from waste materials

The antioxidant properties of hydrophilic extracts of knotwood of several industrially important tree species were evaluated by lipid-peroxidation inhibition and peroxyl-trapping capacity tests. The results were compared with the antioxidant properties of hydrophilic extracts of bark, and pure lignans and flavonoids isolated from knotwood extracts. The knot extracts from several tree species were stronger antioxidants than the bark extracts, which can, however, also be classified as strong antioxidants. In addition, the antioxidant properties of most of the knotwood extracts are stronger than the pure compounds. It is concluded that knotwood is a rich source of natural antioxidants.     

Cytotoxic sesquiterpenes and lignans from Saussurea deltoidea

Two new sesquiterpenes deltoiden A (1) and deltoiden B (2), and two new lignans deltoignan A (9) and deltoignan B (10), together with 14 known compounds, including six sesquiterpenes 3-8 and three lignans 11-13, were isolated from the whole plant of Saussurea deltoidea. Compounds 3-8 and 11-17 were isolated for the first time from this plant. Their structures were established by spectroscopic analysis, including 2D-NMR spectroscopic techniques. Cytotoxicities of compounds 1-13 were tested against three cancer cell lines A549, Hela and SMMC-7721. Results showed that 5, 6 and 7 exhibited cytotoxicity against SMMC-7721 with the IC(50) values of 6.49, 9.53, 1.23 μg/ml, 5 and 7 against A549 with the IC(50) values of 4.99 and 5.35 μg/ml, 5, 6, 7, 13 against Hela with the IC(50) values of 1.40, 4.75, 0.93 and 5.42 μg/ml, respectively. The structure-activity relationships of sesquiterpenes 1-8 were discussed on the base of cytotoxic results.     

松针功能性成分及应用研究进展

介绍了松针中黄酮类化合物、莽草酸、木脂素等化学成分功能特性的研究成果,介绍了不同功能性成分的提取分离方法,并介绍了松针综合应用的研究进展,为进一步研究松针中的功能性成分提供依据。     

Effects of the lignan, pinoresinol on the moulting cycle of the bloodsucking bug Rhodnius prolixus and of the milkweed bug Oncopeltus fasciatus

The furano-lignan pinoresinol was toxic to fourth-instar larvae of the milkweed bug Oncopeltus fasciatus and of the haematophagous insect Rhodnius prolixus, a vector of Chagas disease. At lower doses, it also exerted antifeedant activity and dose-dependent antimoulting activity on both insects.     

Constituents and cytotoxicity of Zanthoxylum rhesta stem bark

3,5-Dimethoxy-4-geranyloxycinnamyl alcohol (1), 8-methoxy-N-methylflindersine (2), xanthyletin and sesamin have been isolated from petroleum ether extract of the stem bark of Zanthoxylum rhesta. The petroleum ether extract and 8-methoxy-N-methylflindersine showed cytotoxicity on brine shrimp nauplii.     

Biological activity of neolignans on the post-embryonic development of Chrysomya megacephala

Phytochemicals endowed with hormonal, antihormonal, or toxic activity are potential agents for insect control. The effect of some neolignans on one of the most prevalent flies in urban areas, which constitutes a menace to public health, was investigated.     

五味子木脂素类成分中护肝主活性成分的体外筛选

目的:比较五味子木脂素成分对CCl4致L02肝细胞损伤的保护作用,筛选出护肝作用最大的主活性成分。方法:体外培养L02细胞,分别以不同浓度五味子甲素、乙素、丙素、醇甲、醇乙、酯甲对细胞加以保护,CCl4体外诱导细胞损伤;MTT法测定细胞存活率;通过试剂盒的方法分别检测各组细胞上清液中谷丙转氨酶(ALT)和谷草转氨酶(AST)活力。结果:CCl4最佳造模浓度为80mmoL·L-(1P0.01);5～20μmoL·L-1的五味子木脂素单体均能增加L02肝细胞存活率(P0.01);考察浓度为20μmol·L-1时,均可抑制CCl4引起ALT、AST活性的升高(P0.05或P0.01);结论:通过比较得出五味子乙素护肝作用最强。     

石榴籽中2个木脂素的分离与鉴定

[目的]为了开发石榴籽的药用价值,分析研究其药用物质的化学成分。[方法]采用硅胶柱层析法从石榴籽中分离得到2个木脂素类化合物,通过结构解析和波谱数据确定其组成。[结果]化合物1为白色无定形粉末,易溶于氯仿,有20个碳,包括12个C,4个CH,2个CH2,2个CH3O,推出化合物分子式为C20H22O6,化合物骨架为二倍体双四氢呋喃类木质素。化合物2为白色无定形粉末,易溶于氯仿,有20个碳,包括7个C,8个CH,3个CH2,2个CH3O,可推出化合物分子式为C20H22O6,其确定为二芳基丁内脂型木脂素。[结论]确定2个化合物分别为连翘脂素和罗汉松脂素,均为首次从该种植物中分离得到。     

不同产地北五味子的质量评价

[目的]对不同产地北五味[Schisandrachinensis（Turcz．）Baill]的药材质量进行分析与综合评价。[方法]应用紫外分光光度计法测定并比较了不同产地北五味子中总木脂素含量;应用HPLC方法测定并比较了不同产地北五味子中甲素和乙素含量;应用高效液相指纹图谱技术对不同产地北五味子进行了指纹图谱比较与分析。[结果]4个产地北五味子在化合物组成方面具有明显相似性;苇河产北五味子与桃山产北五味子相似度较高;苇河产地北五味子的品质较好。[结论]该研究可为评价北五味子产地质量提供科学依据及方法学的保障。