“藏粮于地”战略下高标准农田建设模式研究*

高标准农田建设是我国“藏粮于地”战略的重要抓手,是确保粮食产能的重要支撑。在梳理大量参考文献、政策文件和标准规范的基础上,针对现阶段高标准农田建设存在管理体制不完善、空间潜力不足、投资标准偏低、建设质量不高等问题,总结归纳高标准农田建设模式总体构架,通过对我国高标准农田建设综合评价结果排名靠前和提升较快的省份开展高标准农田建设模式调查研究,围绕管理体制、规划布局、建设标准、资金保障以及实施管理方面,提出系统构建高标准农田建设模式的对策建议,为提高高标准农田建设质量作有益参考。     

白云国家森林公园适老性评价及优化分析

指出了人口老龄化是社会发展的必然趋势,也是当前中国面临的重要社会问题之一,国家和地方各级政府出台了一系列政策,切实保障老年人的权益。森林公园除保护其范围内自然环境和自然资源外,为人们的游憩、疗养、避暑和文化娱乐等提供了良好的环境,逐渐成为老年人休闲娱乐生活的选择。选取浙江丽水白云国家森林公园为研究对象,通过实地踏查、问卷调查和随机访谈等方法,深入调查了老年人个人基本资料及背景、活动状况和使用情况,对3类典型空间和4类景观元素进行了详细地分析,针对不足之处提出了相应的优化建议,以期为相关公园绿地的适老性规划设计提供建设思路。     

西北工业大学金叶信息技术学院中心绿地景观设计

探讨了西北工业大学金叶信息技术学院中心绿地的景观设计方案,本着生态可持续发展、以人为本和浓郁文化内涵的原则,创造一个以自然景观和人文景观相结合的优美环境,为师生提供具有园林艺术氛围的学习、交流、休闲、娱乐和生活的场所.     

HUDACAPP— 一种工艺规程自动设计系统

本文介绍浦沅工程机械总厂准柔性制造系统(P-FMS)中加工箱体零件所用的一个工艺规程自动设计系统—HUDACAPP,阐述了系统的原理、结构和实现.给出了实例.本系统能按零件输入信息自动生成工艺过程,选择机床、夹具、刀具、量具、切削参数以及计算工时,并能与P-FMS的实时管理调度软件联接,提供所需的资料.     

镜台山公园总体规划构思

通过介绍宁德市镜台山公园总体规划构思 ,论述在城市公园的规划中应遵循以人为本、尊重自然、尊重历史的规划方向 ;结合具有特色的自然山水、人文景观 ,运用各种造园方法 ,形成有序空间 ,实现生态、宗教、文化、娱乐、健身、休闲为一体的综合性功能和环境效益、社会效益、经济效益相统一的目标     

Effects of land ownership and landscape-level factors on rare-species richness in natural areas of southern Ontario,Canada

Surprisingly few studies have considered the extent to which the nature of the ownership of land is associated with differences in biodiversity. We analysed ownership and other landscape-level effects on rare-species richness for both globally- and regionally-rare biota (including birds, herpetofauna, butterflies, mammals, and plants) in 289 designated natural areas (NAs) in southern Ontario, Canada. Information about each NA −including area, number of plant communities, ownership status and details of species diversity were collected from published sources. Length of perimeter of NA, relative isolation, and an estimate of fragmentation were measured using image analysis and GIS techniques. NAs were in general relatively small, with mean area of 158 ha (median 85 ha, range from 0.9 to 1278 ha) for private NAs; public NAs had mean area of 132 ha (median 16 ha, range from 0.1 to 1481 ha). Mean number of plant communities was 4.6 (median 4, range 1- 13) at private NAs and 3.8 (median 3, range 1-16) at public NAs. Our results show that, of several landscape-level factors, area had the greatest effects on rare-species richness and other biotic indices. Effects of area were followed by effects of plant community diversity, however this was itself significantly affected by area and the extent of perimeter of the NA. Both these factors were followed by effects of ownership of the NA and by effects of isolation of the NA (represented by minimum distance to nearest NA and by number of NAs in 10 km radius). Other landscape- level factors did not appear to have overall significant effects. Variation in area accounted for 0.1% to 29% of variation in number of rare species, with lower values for globally-rare, than for regionally-rare taxa. For all biotic groups, public ownership of NAs was associated with significantly greater rare-species richness compared to private ownership, even after other factors such as area were controlled. For all globally-rare biota except butterflies, area of NA had greater effects on rare-species richness than did ownership. Richness of regionally- rare birds was more affected by plant community diversity than by area of NA. Number of recorded plant communities accounted from 2.1% of variation in number of globally-rare plant species to as high as 31% of variation in regionally-rare butterflies. The diversity of plant communities was itself influenced by total site area (accounting for 45% of variation), extent of elongation of the NA, and both external- and interior- edge perimeters. Public NAs had greatest numbers of rare biota and so should be a significant focus for conservation programs. Smaller, privately-owned patches of natural area dominate (by number and area) in this densely populated region and their significance should not be overlooked. This revised version was published online in July 2006 with corrections to the Cover Date.     

Challenges in developing and implementing a decision support systems (ETÇAP) in forest management planning: a case study in Honaz and Ibradı, Turkey

Decision support systems (DSSs) are indispensable tools in preparing a forest management plan for a better combination of multiple forest values. This study attempted to develop and explain a stand-based forest management DSS (Ecosystem-based multiple-use forest planning [ETÇAP]) comprising a traditional simulation, linear programming (LP), metaheuristics and geographic information system. The model consists of five submodels; traditional management approach to handle inventory data, an empirical growth and yield model, a simulation to conceptualize management actions, a LP technique to optimize resource allocation and a simulated annealing approach to directly create a spatially feasible harvest schedule. The ETÇAP model has been implemented in a comparative two case study areas; Denizli–Honaz and Akseki–Ibrad?. Both simulation and optimization models outperformed to the traditional management plan. The periodical change of growing stock, allowable cuts, carbon sequestration and water production are used as performance indicators. The results showed that more amount of wood could be harvested over time compared to traditional level of harvesting. It could be concluded that various management strategies allowed managers to stimulate more decision options for better outputs through intertemporal trade-offs of management interventions as the model provided tools to quantify forest dynamics over time and space. Challenges exist to establish the functional relationships between forest structure and values for better quantification and integration into the management plans.     

莫子山体育公园景观规划设计探究

以体育公园规划设计的基本理论为基础,分别叙述了方案的总体规划设计、功能分区、植物规划设计、道路规划设计和水体规划设计5个方面,将观赏性与实用性相结合,以期使之成为真正意义上的体育公园。     

国土空间详细规划现状底图底数转换方法研究

统一底图底数是编制各类空间规划的重要前提和基础,第三次国土调查数据作为当前权威性最高、现势性最强的国土空间利用现状数据,所采用的工作分类与国土空间规划采用的用地用海分类存在较大差异。本文通过对工作分类和用地用海分类进行衔接分析,提出了基于第三次国土调查数据的国土空间详细规划现状底图底数转换的总体技术思路、关键技术方法。     

NLP教练技术在大学生职业生涯规划教育中的应用

以提升大学生职业生涯规划教育效果为出发点,在客观分析国内高校开展大学生职业生涯规划教育现状和存在问题基础上,结合工作实践,对将NLP教练技术引入到大学生职业生涯规划教育中的相融性、可行性和优越性进行了深入研究,着重在更新高校大学生职业生涯规划教育工作理念、改进大学生职业生涯规划教育方法、提升大学生职业生涯规划教育质量、实现大学生职业生涯规划能力和管理能力提升等方面进行探讨。