锰胁迫下鸡眼草的富集特征及生理响应

为探明植物对锰胁迫的耐受性机制,以采自重金属污染区与非污染区的鸡眼草为试验材料,在不同锰浓度胁迫下［0 （对照）、1000、5000、10000、15000、20000 μmol·L^-1］ 开展盆栽试验,比较研究锰胁迫对两种来源鸡眼草表型、生理生化特性及锰积累特征的影响。结果表明：随着锰浓度的升高,1） 两种来源鸡眼草的根干重、芽干重、根冠比均呈降低的趋势;当锰浓度达5000~20000 μmol·L^-1时,与对照相比,污染区、非污染区鸡眼草的芽干重分别下降4.34%~27.71%与16.33%~49.77%,根干重分别下降19.00%~66.06%与27.90%~77.54%,污染区下降幅度均较非污染区的小;2） 两种来源鸡眼草的叶绿素、可溶性糖、脯氨酸含量及超氧化物歧化酶（SOD）、过氧化物酶（POD）活性均呈先升后降的趋势,可溶性蛋白含量逐渐下降,丙二醛（MDA）含量则逐渐升高;3） 两种来源鸡眼草根、茎、叶的锰含量均增加;锰浓度为20000 μmol·L^-1时,污染区和非污染区鸡眼草的叶锰含量分别为对照的16.53和13.41倍。因此,污染区鸡眼草锰耐受能力及富集能力均较非污染区鸡眼草高,较高的抗氧化酶活性是其耐受高锰胁迫的重要生理机制。     

镉和铅对芦蒿和黄花水龙根系可溶性糖含量和叶片中叶绿素含量的影响

[目的]为环境检测中评价芦蒿和黄花水龙被镉和铅污染的程度提供理论依据。[方法]以芦蒿和黄花水龙的幼茎为材料,预处理后分别置于含镉或铅的1／2Hoagland营养液中培养,Cd^2＋浓度设0、1、5、10、20、50μmol／L;Pb^2＋浓度设0、1、10、20、50、100μmol／L,处理7d后,测定根系中可溶性糖含量和叶片中叶绿素含量。[结果]随着镉浓度的增加,芦蒿根系中可溶性含糖量先下降后上升再下降;同一镉处理下。黄花水龙根系的可溶性糖含量呈下降趋势;用铅处理时,2种植物根系中的可溶性糖含量均随铅浓度的增加而下降;随着镉和铅浓度的增加,2种植物叶片的叶绿素含量均为先上升后下降。[结论]2种植物根系内的可溶性糖含量对重金属的胁迫反应敏感,可将其作为检测重金属毒害的一项生理指标。     

鸡眼草种子形态特征观测及生活力的测定

通过对鸡眼草种子物理性质及生活力的测定,研究鸡眼草种子发芽特性。结果表明,消毒和机械去皮处理对鸡眼草种子发芽的影响不明显;基质和温度处理对鸡眼草种子发芽有较大的影响,其中滤纸最佳;鸡眼草种子发芽适宜温度为25℃。     

野生鸡眼草和长萼鸡眼草的饲用价值及培植效果的初步研究(1987～1990年)

鸡眼草和长萼鸡眼草广泛分布于我国湖北低山丘陵区,6～8月生长迅速,自繁能力强,是夏季高温期绵羊牧食的主要野生豆科牧草之一。3～5月播种,混生草群鲜草量为332.3～411.1公斤/亩;6月份以后播种,当年不能出苗.禾本科人工草地两种自生鸡眼草增多时,表施过磷酸钙有利于提高产量,高量氮肥和硫酸钾复合肥可明显抑制其发生和生长。     

长萼鸡眼草种子硬实破除方法探讨

摘要：长萼鸡眼草为优良园林地被植物,其繁殖方式以播种为主,但种子硬实率极高, 严重影响种子的吸胀及萌发。本实验采用浓硫酸酸蚀、温水处理、机械摩擦等多种方法解除种子硬实,结果表明：以浓硫酸酸蚀6min和60℃温水浸种10min两种处理方式为宜,发芽率可分别达到91.33%和94.67% 。     

EM菌与水生植物黄花水龙(Jussiaea stipulacea Ohwi)联合作用去除富营养化水体中氮磷的效应

采用人工自然模拟试验方法,研究了EM菌与水生植物黄花水龙（Jussiaea stipulacea Ohwi）联合作用对污水水质改善的影响。结果表明,EM菌对水体中氮、磷的去除有一定的效果,尤其是对氨氮的去除效果最好。对于污水中氨氮的去除率,固定EM和水生植物结合非固定EM的处理都达到了92％左右,但单独EM菌处理对水体磷的去除效果较差,只有20％左右。黄花水龙与不固定EM菌的联合处理去除氮和磷的效果最好,在处理12d期间内,对NH4^＋-N、TN和TP的去除率分别达98．1％、53．6％和47．4％。有关植物与EM联合作用降低水体中氮和磷的机制有待进一步研究。     

Molecular Networking Leveraging the Secondary Metabolomes Space of Halophila stipulaceae (Forsk.) Aschers. and Thalassia hemprichii (Ehrenb. ex Solms) Asch. in Tandem with Their Chemosystematics and Antidiabetic Potentials

The Red Sea is one of the most biodiverse aquatic ecosystems. Notably, seagrasses possess a crucial ecological significance. Among them are the two taxa Halophila stipulacea (Forsk.) Aschers., and Thalassia hemprichii (Ehrenb. ex Solms) Asch., which were formally ranked together with the genus Enhalus in three separate families. Nevertheless, they have been recently classified as three subfamilies within Hydrocharitaceae. The interest of this study is to explore their metabolic profiles through ultra-high-performance liquid chromatography-high-resolution mass spectrometry (UPLC-HRMS/MS) analysis in synergism with molecular networking and to assess their chemosystematics relationship. A total of 144 metabolites were annotated, encompassing phenolic acids, flavonoids, terpenoids, and lipids. Furthermore, three new phenolic acids; methoxy benzoic acid-O-sulphate (16), O-caffeoyl-O-hydroxyl dimethoxy benzoyl tartaric acid (26), dimethoxy benzoic acid-O-sulphate (30), a new flavanone glycoside; hexahydroxy-monomethoxy flavanone-O-glucoside (28), and a new steviol glycoside; rebaudioside-O-acetate (96) were tentatively described. Additionally, the evaluation of the antidiabetic potential of both taxa displayed an inherited higher activity of H. stipulaceae in alleviating the oxidative stress and dyslipidemia associated with diabetes. Hence, the current research significantly suggested Halophila, Thalassia, and Enhalus categorization in three different taxonomic ranks based on their intergeneric and interspecific relationship among them and supported the consideration of seagrasses in natural antidiabetic studies.     

Studies on microörganisms and their activities in soil Part. 1. Change of microflora induced by soil treatment,with special reference to the method of study

Introduction

Joffell described in his book “Pedology” that in the process of weathering, autotrophic organisms grow on the bare surface of rocks and their metabolic products contribute much to the weathering. Treub²⁾ observed also that the surface of volcanic ash was covered by the vigorous growth of algae in less than three years after the eruption of Krakatoa. From these statements it appears evident that microorganisms play an important part through the production of organic matter at the early period of soil formation. As soil-forming-process advances, however, microBrganisms are replaced by the higher chlorophyllbearing plants with regards to organic matter production in land, and they become more important in the decomposition of than in the production of organic matter.     

长萼鸡眼草种子硬实破除方法探讨

长萼鸡眼草为优良园林地被植物,其繁殖方式以播种为主,但种子硬实率极高,严重影响种子的吸胀及萌发.实验采用浓硫酸酸蚀、温水处理、机械摩擦等多种方法解除种子硬实,结果表明:以浓硫酸酸蚀6min和60℃温水浸种10min两种处理方式为宜.发芽率可分别达到91.33%和94.67%.     

马尼拉草坪中鸡眼草危害的调查初报

通过对咸宁职业技术学院马尼拉草坪中鸡眼草危害程度的调查供草坪杂草的防治参考。采用普查与样方调查相结合的方法在2012年9月对草坪及鸡眼草进行调查和测量。咸宁职业技术学院马尼拉草坪中鸡眼草的频度为86%、盖度为2.73%、乘积优势度为10.92%。鸡眼草已成为校园马尼拉草坪的杂草优势种。