等规聚丙烯氯化工艺研究

以等规聚丙烯、氯气为原料，通过催化氯化的方法制备了氯化等规聚丙烯树脂。进行了合成的各条伯试验，获得了适宜的操作参数，控制有关条件，可获得不同氯含量的系列氯化聚丙烯。测定了该产品的物化性能，显示了良好的适用性。     

Studies of clomazone mode of action

Intact spinach chloroplasts were used to determine if clomazone, 5-OH clomazone, and/or 5-keto clomazone inhibited the chloroplastic isoprenoid pathway. When isopentenyl pyrophosphate was used as a precursor, neither clomazone nor the clomazone metabolites (5-OH clomazone and 5-keto clomazone) inhibited the formation of products separated by HPLC in the organic phase. However, when pyruvate, a substrate for the first committed step of the pathway, was used as a precursor, both 5-keto clomazone and fosmidomycin reduced the formation of a non-polar product and increased the formation of a polar product in the organic phase. Only 5-keto clomazone, not 5-OH clomazone or clomazone, inhibited the formation of an additional product other than fosmidomycin in the aqueous phase from pyruvate incorporation. In an in vitro assay, 5-keto clomazone inhibited DXP synthase, the enzyme catalyzing the first committed step of the chloroplastic isoprenoid pathway. Therefore, our studies show that neither clomazone nor 5-OH clomazone inhibits the chloroplastic isoprenoid pathway, only 5-keto clomazone does.     

随机鲁棒区间-生物质电厂选址风险分析模型

优化生物质发电厂厂址对于中国生物质发电行业意义重大。然而,生物质发电厂选址系统中包含多重不确定性和复杂性。忽略这些,将给生物质发电厂带来风险。因此,充分考虑生物质发电厂系统中的多重不确定性,将鲁棒随机规划（robust optimization,RO）与区间规划（interval parameter programming,IPP）融于两阶段规划（two-stage programming,TSP）框架中,建立基于随机鲁棒区间风险分析模型（stochastic robust interval model, SRIM）的生物质发电厂选址模型。该模型可以处理表现为离散区间和随机性的不确定变量。并且对于随机过程产生的风险进行追索,增强生物质发电系统的安全性。通过调节不同风险等级,可以对系统进行风险分析,利于决策者对系统安全性和经济性做出衡量。该文以装机容量为15 MW的生物质发电厂为案例。模型结果显示：该规划区域拟建设生物质发电厂数量为1,优化厂址介于（245,242）km至（250,247）km;各个燃料收储站优化配送方案;以及不同鲁棒等级下的系统风险和系统成本。通过模型得出的结果合理可行,可以为生物质电长选址提供科学的依据及决策支持。     

The enzymatic incorporation of isopentenyl pyrophosphate into polyisoprene in rubber particles from Parthenium argentatum Gray

Studies have indicated the presence of both a de novo biosynthesis of new polyisoprene chains and the elongation of pre-existing rubber-PP chains in rubber particles from Ficus elastica Roxb. and small rubber particles from Hevea brasiliensis (Willd. ex A. Juss.) Müll. Arg. In this paper, we have isolated rubber particles from the cortical parenchyma of Parthenium argentatum Gray with an adsorbed isopentenyl pyrophosphate isomerase that was competent to form polyisoprene to determine the presence of de novo biosynthesis of polyisoprene and the elongation of pre-existing rubber-PP. The gel filtrated rubber particles were supplied saturating concentrations of [¹⁴C]-isopentenyl pyrophosphate for 1 h and the resulting concentrations of [¹⁴C]-polyisoprene were isolated and analyzed with a Waters 150C Gel Permeation Chromatograph. The mol wt distribution of the [¹⁴C]-polyisoprene ranged from 10³ to 10⁶ Da with no formation of high mol wt chains equal to the polyisoprene in the mol wt distribution of natural rubber from P. argentatum. The mol wt distribution of [¹⁴C]-polyisoprene following 1 h of incubation of the reaction mixture was similar to the mol wt distribution formed by the bound rubber transferase in washed rubber particles of H. brasiliensis and the time-dependent formation of polyisoprene by washed rubber particles from P. argentatum. The data support the conclusion that the washed rubber particles from P. argentatum contain a bound rubber transferase that initiates the formation of new chains of polyisoprene from the dimethylallyl pyrophosphate initiator generated from the added isopentenyl pyrophosphate isomerase followed by the extensive polymerization of isopentenyl pyrophosphate to form a monomodal rubber polymer. There was no evidence in these washed rubber particles of a chain elongation of pre-existing rubber-PP.     

外来入侵生物-B型烟粉虱的发生规律和防治技术

通过形态学、生物测定、mtDNA COI基因分子标记和分子生态学研究,证实了近年在我国广大地区发生的B型烟粉虱为外来入侵生物,探讨了爆发成灾机理,明确了基础生物学特性和发生规律,提出了以隔离、净苗、诱捕、寄生和调控为核心的IPP控制技术体系,应用结果综合效益显著。     

一种嵌入式Linux手持视频信息终端的设计

提出了一种无线环境下的视频监控点播终端的框架结构,并详细介绍了在该框架下实现视频监控点播功能的具体过程和方法。结合当前流行的无线和嵌入式技术设计开发的多功能的无线手持视频信息终端硬件设备简单,成本低;打破了空间和距离的限制,在有网络的地方就能实现视频监控和点播。     

Pre-maturity α-amylase in wheat: The role of abscisic acid and gibberellins

The occurrence of pre-maturity α-amylase (PMA) is a major cause of poor bread-making quality (low Hagberg Falling Number) in wheat grain. In susceptible genotypes, it involves the excessive accumulation of high isoelectric point (pI) α-amylase in mature grain prior to germination and in the absence of pre-harvest sprouting. Several factors regulate PMA formation in developing grain, including genotype, agronomy, and environmental conditions. In particular, a cold period during mid-grain development has been found to be a major stimulus for PMA induction. Although the factors affecting the PMA occurrence are well known, little is known about the molecular mechanism governing its induction. The plant hormones abscisic acid (ABA) and gibberellins (GAs) influence various aspects of grain development, and it has been suggested that PMA involves changes in the amount of these hormones or the sensitivity of the grain to these hormones. This review summarizes recent studies investigating the role of ABA and GAs in PMA induction and PMA occurrence.     

外来人侵生物-B型烟粉虱的发生规律和防治技术

通过形态学、生物测定、mtDNA COI基因分子标记和分子生态学研究，证实了近年在我国广大地区发生的B型烟粉虱为外来入侵生物，探讨了爆发成灾机理，明确了基础生物学特性和发生规律，提出了以隔离、净苗、诱捕、寄生和调控为核心的IPP控制技术体系，应用结果综合效益显著。     

Systemic action of novel neonicotinoid insecticide IPP‐10 and its effect on the feeding behaviour of Rhopalosiphum padi on wheat

BACKGROUND: IPP‐10 is a novel neonicotinoid insecticide recently developed in China and has good activity against sucking insects. Studies were carried out to investigate the activity of IPP‐10 against Rhopalosiphum padi L. RESULTS: The results demonstrated that IPP‐10 had both contact and systemic activity, including acropetal and basipetal translocation in wheat vascular bundles. Starved R. padi were allowed to stay on wheat treated with a sublethal dose of IPP‐10. The results of studying their feeding behaviour from an electrical penetration graph (EPG) revealed a decrease in total time and bout duration of xylem and phloem ingestion, but the total time and bout duration of phloem salivation were significantly prolonged. The frequency (7.03 ± 0.49 Hz) of the xylem ingestion waveform produced by aphids on wheat treated with IPP‐10 was significantly lower than that of blank control aphids (8.20 ± 0.30 Hz). Consequently, aphids born on wheat treated with IPP‐10 were obviously lighter and less fecund than the control aphids. CONCLUSION: These tests indicated that IPP‐10 had both contact and systemic activity, with sublethal effects resulting in reduction in R. padi feeding behaviour, growth rate and fecundity. Copyright © 2010 Society of Chemical Industry