脑活素治疗新生大鼠缺血缺氧性脑病机理的研究

7日龄Wister大鼠结扎左侧颈总动脉后吸入氧氮混合气体（8％O2和92％N2）2h,制成缺血缺氧性脑病动物模型,测定大鼠脑组织中丙二醛（MDA）的含量和超氧化物歧化酶（SOD）的活性。结果显示,缺血缺氧后6h,缺血缺氧组MDA含量显著升高,24h达到高峰,以后逐渐下降,96h与对照组比较无统计学差异;缺血缺氧脑活素治疗组MDA含量于缺血缺氧后6h已经显著下降,72h与对照组比较无统计学差异。缺血缺氧组SOD活力值在缺血缺氧后6h已经下降,24h降到最低点,以后逐渐回升,96h与对照组比较无统计学差异;缺血缺氧脑活素治疗组SOD活力值在缺血缺氧后6h明显提高,于缺血缺氧后96h与对照组比较无统计学差异。结果提示,缺血缺氧引起新生大鼠脑组织的氧化-抗氧化系统失衡,氧自由基大量产生,参与了新生大鼠缺血缺氧性脑病脑损伤过程;脑活素能够抑制氧自由基的生成,提高SOD的活力值,对缺血缺氧性脑病具有神经保护作用。     

“火罐”柿减压处理、低乙烯MA贮藏技术研究

利用减压贮藏的原理,提出了减压处理低乙烯ＭＡ贮藏技术,并利用该技术对陕西优良柿子品种－－火罐柿进行了室温条件下的保鲜贮藏研究。结果表明,减压处理低乙烯ＭＡ贮藏技术甬地抑制火罐柿硬度的下降,延长果实贮藏期。保硬期为４３ｄ,比对照长２４ｄ;贮藏期达９７ｄ,比对照长６７ｄ。     

减压对冬枣采后生理生化变化的影响

 以冬枣果实为试材 ,研究了减压对枣果贮藏生理生化变化的影响。结果表明 ,减压有效地保持了枣果的硬度和VC 含量 ,降低了果肉中乙醇、乙醛含量和枣果呼吸强度 ,抑制了抗坏血酸氧化酶和乙醇脱氢酶的活性 ,减慢了内源乙烯的释放速率。但是 ,减压对阻止果肉褐变无明显效果。     

脊尾白虾对低氧响应的转录组学分析

本研究通过高通量测序,分析低氧胁迫下脊尾白虾(Palaemon carincauda)某些基因的差异表达,获得10.62 Gb高质量测序数据,组装得到155113条转录本和118953条Unigene.注释Unigene 37580条.其中,33659条Unigene与Nr蛋白数据库基因同源;11275条Unigene...     

植物淹水胁迫响应的研究进展

在概述植物对淹水胁迫各种适应方式的基础上,重点从质外体障碍的形成和根系的向氧性生长,发酵途径、厌氧多肽、植物激素及低氧锻炼等方面,对近年来植物抗淹水胁迫适应性的研究进展作了简要评述.     

Characteristics of the in vitro hypoxic pulmonary vasoconstrictor response in isolated equine and bovine pulmonary arterial rings

OBJECTIVE: Hypoxaemia accompanies dorsal recumbency in the horse and frequently complicates general anaesthesia. The physiology associated with this phenomenon is poorly understood. One possible cause of poor tolerance to dorsal recumbency is an absent or reduced response to hypoxic pulmonary vasoconstriction (HPV). This study compared the HPV response in isolated pulmonary artery vessels from equivalent regions of equine and bovine lung. ANIMALS: Equine and bovine, in vitro study. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Equine and bovine pulmonary arteries were removed from the lungs of euthanased horses and cattle. Measurements of isometric tension were made on isolated rings of pulmonary vessels at 37 degrees C in a Krebs' saline solution. Hypoxia was induced by bubbling with a nominally 0% O(2) gas mixture. RESULTS: A significant HPV response was observed above a baseline tension induced by phenylephrine (PE; 0.3 microm) or 5-hydroxytryptamine (5-HT; 0.1 microm). The HPV response in equine pulmonary vessels was approximately 33% less than the response observed in equivalent bovine vessels (equine 196 +/- 20%versus bovine 290 +/- 32%; p < 0.05). Removal of the endothelium (by rubbing the luminal surface) significantly reduced but did not abolish the HPV response. Incubation with the nitric oxide (NO) synthase inhibitor N-nitro-l-arginine methyl ester (L-NAME; 100 microm), or COX-1/COX-2 inhibitor indomethacin (10 microm) markedly attenuated the HPV response in equine vessels. CONCLUSIONS: These results suggest that a significant HPV response exists in isolated equine pulmonary vessels; a component of this response requires a functional endothelium. Inhibition of cyclooxygenase and NO synthase attenuated the response, suggesting the involvement of a COX product and/or NO in mediating this effect either directly or indirectly. Alternatively, a non-COX related action of the nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drug, indomethacin, may be involved.     

Heart rate variability parameters as markers of the adaptation to a sealed environment (a hypoxic normobaric chamber) in the horse

Simulated hypoxic normobaric devices have been used in human beings in order to enhance endurance capacity. These devices are sealed chambers where the athletes are supposed to stay for at least 6–8 hr daily. The current research assesses the changes in time‐domain, spectral and non‐geometrical heart rate variability (HRV) parameters in 6 horses subjected to progressive duration periods inside of a hermetically sealed chamber. It was pursued, firstly to evaluate the intensity of the stress experienced by the animals and secondly to elucidate whether the horses might require an acclimation period before implementation of hypoxic conditions. HRV parameters were monitored for 6 days: day 0 (6‐hr duration; in paddocks; basal conditions), and days 1, 2, 3, 4 and 5 (1, 2, 3, 4 and 6 hr inside the chamber every day respectively). During day 1 and during the first hours of days 2 and 3, compared to day 0, horses presented increased HR and SDHR values and decreased RR interval duration. SD1 values decreased on some hours of days 2 and 3, but differences with day 0 were not found on day 1. Increased SDNN, RMSSD, SD1 and SD2 values were observed on days 4 and 5. These results showed an activation of the sympathetic activity together with an attenuation of the parasympathetic activity during the days 1 to 3. Increased parasympathetic activity was found only during the first hours of days 4 and 5. Spectral parameters experienced minor variations, with increased LF_peak and LF% during some hours of days 4 and 5. In conclusion, at least 3 days are needed to adapt the horse to a sealed environment before starting to subject the animals to hypoxic conditions. When the horses were acclimatized, however, a minor stress was detected with they spent more than 4 hr inside of the chamber.     

Effects of chronic hypobaric hypoxia exposure on dendritic spine morphological changes and filamin-A expression in neurons of mouse hippocampal CA1 region

AIM:To investigate the effects of hypobaric hypoxic exposure on the morphological changes of dendritic spines and the expression of filamin-A in the neurons of mouse hippocampal CA1 region. METHODS:C57BL/6 male mice (6~8-week-old) were divided into normoxia 7 d group, normoxia 14 d group, hypobaric hypoxia 7 d group and hypobaric hypoxia 14 d group. The mice in hypobaric hypoxia exposure groups were placed in a hypobaric chamber with hypobaric hypoxia exposure to simulate the plateau at an altitude of 6 000 m. Golgi staining assay was used to observe the branch number of dendrites, and the length and density of basal and apical dendritic spines in the hippocampal CA1 region. The protein expression of filamin-A in the hippocampus of the mice was determined by Western blot. The protein expression and distribution of filamin-A in the hippocampal CA1 region were detected by immunofluorescence staining. RESULTS:Compared with normoxia exposure group, no significant difference of the number of dendritic branches in the hippocampal CA1 region after hypobaric hypoxia exposure was observed. However, the length of basal spines and apical spines was increased significantly (P<0.05), and the density of basal spines and apical spines was significantly reduced after hypobaric hypoxia exposure (P<0.01). The results of Western blot showed that the protein expression of filamin-A in the hippocampus of the mice after hypobaric hypoxia exposure was lower than that in normoxia exposure group (P<0.01 or P<0.05). Immunofluorescence staining showed that the filamin-A protein was expressed in the mouse hippocampal CA1 region, and the expression level after hypobaric hypoxia exposure was lower than that in normoxia group. CONCLUSION:Chronic hypobaric hypoxia exposure affects the protein expression level of filamin-A in the mouse hippocampal CA1 region, thus leading to the morphological changes of dendritic spines in the hippocampal CA1 region.     

An outbreak of Shewanella putrefaciens group in wild eels Anguilla anguilla L. favoured by hypoxic aquatic environments

Microbiological analyses were conducted on wild eels from the L′Albufera Lake (Spain). A total of 174 individuals were collected in two surveys (i.e. year 2008 and autumn–winter 2014) among those caught by local fishermen into the lagoon. The prevalence of Shewanella putrefaciens group was 1.7% in 2008 and rose above 32% in 2014. It was due to an outbreak of shewanellosis that presented a morbidity rate of 64%. S. putrefaciens group strains were isolated as pure cultures from the sick eels that showed white ulcers surrounded by a reddish inflammation, damage of the mouth, extensive skin discoloration, exophthalmia, ascites and bad odour. The S. putrefaciens group was recovered from freshwater samples taken at the L′Albufera system, along autumn–winter 2015. Its counts significantly increased in freshwater parallel to hypoxia and temperature rising. Shewanellae strains were identified as S. putrefaciens and S. xiamenensis by 16S rRNA gene sequencing. These isolates recovered from sick eels or freshwater were virulent for European eel by IP challenge (LD₅₀ 10⁶ CFU g^?1 body weight). They also caused 30–38% cumulative mortality, in European eels challenged by a 2‐h bath (10⁷ CFU mL^?1). These results suggest that shewanellosis could be transmitted through water highlighting the fact that hypoxic conditions increase this bacterium levels in water.     

减压条件对梨枣生理生化变化的影响

[目的]分析减压条件对梨枣生理生化变化的影响。[方法]设置20.3、50.7、101.3 kPa 3个压力水平贮藏梨枣,研究减压条件对采后梨枣呼吸强度、Vc含量、超氧阴离子产生速率、转红指数的影响。[结果]减压贮藏在一定程度上降低了梨枣的呼吸强度,减缓了梨枣果实Vc含量的损失,降低了梨枣超氧阴离子的产生速率,明显延缓了梨枣的转红速度,提高了梨枣的好果率,延长了果实的贮藏寿命。贮藏压力越低,梨枣的呼吸强度值越低,果实Vc含量损失越少,越有利于抑制活性氧的积累,果实的转红速度越慢。50.7、20.3 kPa2个处理之间的梨枣各项生理生化指标差异不显著(P>0.05)。[结论]生产中可以选择50.7 kPa的压力水平贮藏梨枣以降低成本。