中国水仙资源考察初报

本文报导了在福建、浙江沿海岛屿发现的自然生长的中国水仙资源的实地考察情况,描述了其生态环境和形态特征,可供研究中国水仙原产地、选育种、提高种质和资源开发利用参考。     

几种荷兰水仙的化感作用初探

对＂德拉勃＂、＂荷兰船长＂、＂头巾＂、＂滨莎＂4个荷兰水仙品种进行了化感作用研究。结果表明荷兰水仙具有化感作用,化感作用强度顺序为：德拉勃〉荷兰船长〉头巾〉滨莎,鳞茎片水提液对白菜、萝卜、生菜、高羊茅、黑麦草种子胚根和胚芽生长均有抑制作用,对发芽期的高羊茅和黑麦草的叶绿素合成产生抑制作用。以乙醇、丙酮、甲醇作为提取剂,鳞茎片乙醇提取液的化感抑制作用最强,甲醇次之,丙酮最弱。     

不同栽培基质对崇明水仙品质的影响

[目的]探讨不同栽培基质对崇明水仙营养和生殖生长的影响,为改善崇明水仙栽培技术落后现状提供参考依据.[方法]用9种复合基质(分别设置为C1～C9处理)栽培崇明水仙,在对比分析其营养生长和生殖生长阶段各项指标的基础上,采用层次分析法(AHP)对其品质进行综合评价.[结果]经栽培观察,C1处理(园土∶泥炭∶黄沙=3.0∶5.0∶2.0)和C2处理(园土∶泥炭∶珍珠岩=3.0∶5.0∶2.0)的崇明水仙的分株数、株高、叶片数、叶宽、叶厚、植株粗度、开花效果及子球发育状况均优于其他处理.经层次分析法综合评价,C1处理得分最高,为4.494分,表明C1处理对崇明水仙营养生长和生殖生长有明显优势;C2处理得分为3.178分,仅次于C1处理;其他处理的崇明水仙营养生长和生殖生长较差,得分为2.081～3.028分.[结论]园土∶泥炭∶黄沙(3.0∶5.0∶2.0)和园土∶泥炭∶珍珠岩(3.0∶5.0∶2.0)两种复合基质的配置方式更利于崇明水仙生长;建立的崇明水仙综合评价模型可供崇明水仙栽培和进行综合评价参考.     

荷兰水仙在沈阳地区的引种栽培

以Flower Record、February Gold、Dutch Master、Dick Wilden、Barrett Browning、Cheerfulness 6种荷兰水仙为试验材料,对其在沈阳地区露地栽培的生长特性及物候期进行观测研究。结果表明:其中5个品种在沈阳露地栽培能正常生长并且开花,可以用于生产实践,1个品种能正常出苗,但不能开花。     

The effect of various flooring materials on performance and foot health of early-weaned pigs

The effects of various flooring materials on the performance and foot health of early-weaned piglets were evaluated in seven trials using 728 pigs. Pigs housed on galvanized flattened expanded metal, plastic-coated expanded metal, perforated galvanized panels, galvanized woven wire and plastic-coated woven wire had similar average daily gains, average daily feed intakes and feed/gain ratios. Foot pad scores were lower (less cuts, cracks and abrasions) for plastic-coated expanded metal, plastic-coated woven wire and perforated galvanized panels than for galvanized expanded metal and galvanized woven wire. While foot pad scores varied among flooring materials, none of the flooring materials produced lesions that resulted in any visible discomfort or inhibition of locomotion of the pigs. Correlation coefficients between individual pig body weight and foot pad scores were positively related indicating that body weight may be a factor contributing to lesion severity. Although foot pad lesions were common in the weanling pigs, with some variation due to flooring materials, there were no differential effects among the flooring materials evaluated on performance or visible comfort of the pigs.     

中国水仙品种选育的初步研究

调查研究表明,平潭水仙具有生长健壮、花葶数多等特点.进行了优良多花株系选种,以鳞茎叶片生长量为依据,在试验统计的基础上提出翅仔钻仔的选留种指标。     

水仙上分离出的烟草脆裂病毒的鉴定

从福建省平潭县的矮化畸形水仙病株中获得一个分离物 NFV-4,并从病株根围土壤分离物中得到一种毛刺线虫(Trichodorus sp.)。该线虫传毒接种在苋色藜、昆诺藜、普通烟草和豌豆上产生坏死斑;在蔓陀罗、豇豆、牵牛上表现为系统症状。病叶榨出液采用 ELISA 测定,与荷兰水仙上的烟草脆裂病毒(TRV)标准抗血清呈阳性反应。电镜下病原为78×24nm 和195×24nm 2种竖杆状空心粒体。据此认为该分离物属于 TRV。本文还就 TRV 的株系问题及其所致的水仙病害进行了讨论。     

水仙在湖南引种栽培技术的研究Ⅰ．下种时期和覆盖对水仙生长发育的影响

根据水仙生长发育对环境条件的要求，结合湖南长沙的气候特点，着重探讨了水仙下种时期和覆盖措施对叶片生长、水仙球的产量和质量的影响，结果表明：９月２５日下种，且在低温期间采用薄膜覆盖的效果最佳，其商品率和出口率分别达到了７８．０％和６３．４％．