基于18S rRNA的鸡组织滴虫病PCR诊断方法的建立

河南某鸡场约4周龄鸡疑似发生鸡组织滴虫病.根据鸡组织滴虫18 S rRNA序列设计引物,提取肝脏、盲肠内客物寄生虫DNA,采用PCR方法检测.结果表明,PCR扩增到与预期大小一致的产物,经测序比对,证实为鸡组织滴虫感染.所建立的PCR方法具有灵敏、特异、快速等优点,不仅能用于鸡组织滴虫病临床诊断,还能用于开展流行病学研...     

黄羽肉鸡实验性感染火鸡组织滴虫后体内虫体的动态分布

为研究火鸡组织滴虫感染黄羽肉鸡后在其体内的动态分布,本研究将JSYZ-A株虫体通过泄殖腔感染15日龄苏禽黄羽肉鸡,在感染后1d^34d内,每3d迫杀5只感染鸡,采集其不同组织脏器样品,并对样品进行PCR检测。结果显示,火鸡组织滴虫主要靶器官为肝脏和盲肠。感染后4d,感染鸡肝脏和盲肠中检测到虫体特异性基因,感染后13d和16d虫体检出率即达到100%,之后检出率逐渐降低,一直持续到感染后34d还能检测到虫体特异性基因。感染后10d^22d从鸡十二指肠、直肠和脾脏能够检测到虫体特异性基因。感染后13d^19d从鸡腺胃和空肠、心脏均检测到虫体特异性基因。感染后19d从鸡肺脏检测到虫体特异性基因,并且呈现一过性感染。感染鸡的胰腺、脑、肾脏和睾丸组织在整个实验过程中并未检测到虫体DNA。上述结果为临床火鸡组织滴虫致病机理的研究、诊断奠定了基础。     

火鸡组织滴虫病及其研究进展

火病组织滴虫病是近年国内养禽业中出现的一个新问题。作者根据大量的国内外资料,对本病的病源体生物学特征,危害,流行病学、体外培养,免疫学、病理学、症状学,无菌生物学研究,诊断等相关的近数十个方面的历史及现行研究状况均进行了较为详细的总结和评述,並提出了科学的饲养管理措施和防治方法。     

临床疑似病例中火鸡组织滴虫的检测及其在脏器分布规律

为了探明临床病鸡中火鸡组织滴虫的脏器分布规律,本研究收集21例临床疑似病鸡的321个组织器官,采用PCR技术对样品中的虫体DNA进行了检测。结果:组织脏器中肝脏和盲肠的阳性检出率最高,分别为57.1%和52.4%;其次为回肠、脾脏、肾脏、肌胃、胰腺和脑,阳性率分别为43.8%、40.0%、40.0%、37.5%、35.7%和33.3%;心、肺、法氏囊和其他肠道组织等检出率较低;胆囊未检测到。结论:火鸡组织滴虫主要感染肝脏和盲肠,其次为回肠、脾脏、肾脏、肌胃、胰腺和脑,其他脏器虫体分布较少。     

Non-curative, but prophylactic effects of paromomycin in Histomonas meleagridis-infected turkeys and its effect on performance in non-infected turkeys

Histomonosis (blackhead or infectious enterohepatitis) is a disease of gallinaceous birds, especially of turkeys, and is caused by the protozoan Histomonas meleagridis. Since the ban of all chemoprophylactic and chemotherapeutic products against this disease in the European Union, this parasite causes a considerable amount of economical problems in the poultry industry. Research which could ultimately lead to the discovery of new drugs against this disease is thus highly necessary. Hence, in this study, the efficacy of paromomycin against histomonosis in turkeys was investigated.First, the prophylactic and therapeutic efficacy of this drug against H. meleagridis and its effect on the weight gain of turkeys was determined. Adding paromomycin to the feed (400 ppm as well as 200 ppm paromomycin) or to the drinking water (420 mg paromomycin per liter water, added prior to or on the day of challenge) significantly lowered the mortality rate and the caecal and liver lesion scores after an intracloacal infection compared to infected untreated birds. However, when paromomycin was administered to turkeys in the drinking water after the challenge, no significant differences in mortality or in lesion scores could be observed compared to the infected untreated control group. This demonstrates that paromomycin exerts a purely preventive action against histomonosis in turkeys. Additionally, the weight gain of the treated birds was positively influenced by the use of the drug, as the average weight gain of all treated groups (except for the group treated at the day of first mortality) was significantly higher than that of the untreated control group. Finally, the target site of paromomycin was detected in the SS rRNA gene of H. meleagridis. Consequently, the susceptibility to paromomycin can be correlated to the presence of the binding site of the drug at the 3′ end of the small subunit rRNA gene of the parasite. In conclusion, paromomycin can be used as a new prophylactic measure in the control of histomonosis in turkeys.     

10株火鸡组织滴虫18S rRNA基因的克隆及进化分析

应用聚合酶链反应(PCR)鉴定湖南娄底(简称HMLD1-3)、湘潭(HMXT1-2)、永州(HMYZ1-3)和宁乡(HMNX1-2)共10株火鸡组织滴虫,并用18S rRNA部分序列重构火鸡组织滴虫与其它相近原虫的种群遗传关系.作者通过PCR扩增火鸡组织滴虫虫株的18S rRNA部分序列,将PCR扩增出的片段纯化后克隆...     

幼龄蓝孔雀组织滴虫与球虫混合感染的诊断报告

本文对哈尔滨北方森林动物园内陆续出现机体消瘦、精神萎靡、排黄绿色、棕红色稀粪的5只幼龄蓝孔雀在死亡后进行病理剖检,发现病变主要集中在肝脏、盲肠、十二指肠。结合临床症状、病理变化、实验室检查、流行病学等综合分析确诊为孔雀组织滴虫与球虫混合感染。     

鸡沙门氏菌和组织滴虫混合感染的分离鉴定

大庆市林甸县某蛋鸡场成鸡发生疫情,养殖业户将发病鸡送检,综合流行病学、临床症状、剖检变化、病原分离鉴定及动物试验等诊断为以前未见报道的鸡白痢沙门氏菌和组织滴虫混合感染。药敏实验结果显示阿米卡星具有较好的敏感性。