排序方式: 共有45条查询结果,搜索用时 15 毫秒
1.
2.
福建果树根部的芒果半轮线虫记述 总被引:4,自引:2,他引:4
芒果半轮线虫(Hemicriconemoides mangiferae Siddiqi,1961)在福建省一些果园发生。寄主有龙眼(Euphoria longana)、荔枝(Litchi chinensis)、芒果(Mangifera indica)、橄榄(Canarium album)、枇杷(Eriobotrya japonica)和葡萄(Vitis vinifera)等果树。雌虫唇部正面、环纹和阴门,雄虫侧带以及幼虫角质膜刺突等细微结构用扫描电子显微镜观察。 相似文献
3.
印度果核芒果象、云南果核芒果象均是云南芒果的主要害虫,以幼虫蛀害50余种芒果核仁,对三年芒果危害率为41.3%~67.%,对象牙芒果危害率为42.2%~78.0%。印度果核芒果象占总数的76.3%~88.9%,云南果核芒果象占11.1%~23.7%。其生物学小佳和发生危害规律近似。在云南景谷地区一年发生一代。采取综合防治措施后,对三年芒果危害率降为10.9%,象牙芒果降为11.7%。 相似文献
4.
柑桔黑斑病(Citrus Black Spot,CBS)是一种真菌性病害,主要为害果实,并产生褐色斑点,严重时蔓延至全果,造成果实腐烂,显著影响果实的品质和外观,降低经济价值,被欧美等国列为重要的检疫性病害,近年来该病在我国一些柑桔产区已上升为主要病害。本文主要从柑桔黑斑病的病原菌、发病特点及检测方法等几个方面进行简要的概述。 相似文献
5.
对引起芒果果腐病的病原菌进行鉴定,并对该病原菌的生物学特性进行初步研究。结果表明:引起芒果果腐病的病原菌是芒果拟盘多毛孢[Pestalotiopsis mangiferae(Henn.)Steyaert],该菌菌丝生长最适温度为25~28 ℃,孢子萌发最适温度为32 ℃,致死温度为60 ℃,10 min;菌丝生长最适pH为4~5,而孢子萌发最适pH为4;最适碳源为甘露醇,而麦芽糖不利于菌丝生长;最适氮源为牛肉浸膏、蛋白胨,而尿素不利于该菌菌丝生长;该菌适合在暗光交替和黑暗中生长。 相似文献
6.
为探讨杧果感染畸形病过程中顶芽内酚类代谢的变化规律,以凯特杧为试验材料,测定了接种病菌(Fusarium mangiferae)后顶芽内总酚、类黄酮含量及酚类代谢相关酶(POD、PPO和PAL)活性的变化趋势。结果表明,接种病菌后杧果顶芽内总酚、类黄酮含量出现先上升后下降的变化趋势,其峰值分别出现在接种病菌45 d和30 d,酚类代谢相关酶中PAL活性变化与总酚含量变化趋势相同,POD和PPO活性在接种病菌后直线上升。F.mangiferae侵染对杧果酚类代谢产生显著影响,可干扰杧果顶芽内总酚、类黄酮的含量变化,影响其相关酶活性,降低杧果对病菌的抵抗能力。杧果酚代谢紊乱失衡可能是病菌的重要致病机理之一。 相似文献
7.
分离健康茶树叶片、落叶、种子、实生苗和扦插苗等的内生真菌,研究影响芒果球座菌分布的因素、季节变化规律、传播方式和生活史.结果表明:芒果球座菌的分离率在不同的山茶属植物叶片中存在明显差异,茶树中最高,油茶次之,山茶最低;新抽出的叶芽中没有内生真菌分布,但随着叶片龄期的增长,芒果球座菌的分离率逐步提高,至老叶中高达73.5%.在茶树中,品种是影响芒果球座菌分布的重要因素,不同品种间芒果球座菌的分离率有明显差异;1年之中,芒果球座菌的消长明显受新梢抽出期、叶龄、茶叶采摘、温度和降水等多因素的综合影响;2-4月和6月芒果球座菌的分离率低,而5月、7-8月和12月是芒果球座菌分布的高峰期.种子、新长出的实生苗中没有分离到芒果球座菌;随实生苗的生长,芒果球座菌感染逐步增多.结合枯叶和空气中真菌孢子检测结果可知:茶树中的芒果球座菌通过水平传播方式在茶园扩散.而在扦插苗中芒果球座菌的分离结果说明茶树中的芒果球座菌也可以通过存在于插穗中的菌丝体扩散到下一代,在茶园进行垂直传播.因此,茶树中的芒果球座菌同时存在水平传播和垂直传播2种扩散方式. 相似文献
8.
9.
The control of citrus black spot (CBS) caused by Phyllosticta citricarpa relies mainly on fungicide sprays. Generally, high and non-standardized spray volumes are adopted and the sprays are based on litre per tree or per hectare. However, the tree canopy volume may vary with age, density and variety, and this is expected to impact on the spray volume and fungicide rates needed for disease control. This study evaluated the efficacy of different fungicide spray volumes and rates for CBS control based on the tree-row-volume (TRV) concept. Two field trials were carried out during three seasons in São Paulo state, Brazil. Trials were set up in commercial orchards of late-maturing ‘Valencia’ sweet orange grown for juice production. In field trial 1, the volumes tested were 125 (standard), 100 (internal runoff point), 75 (intermediate) and 50 (half the internal runoff point) mL of spray mixture/m3 of the tree canopy. In field trial 2, 100 and 50 mL/m3 were evaluated. The fungicide rates ranged from 40 to 110 mg of metallic copper/m3 and from 1.9 to 4.7 mg of pyraclostrobin/m3. Untreated control trees (UTC) were kept unsprayed. CBS incidence and severity, premature fruit drop, yield, fungicide deposition and spray coverage were evaluated. All spray volumes tested reduced CBS incidence and severity on fruit at 75–95% and resulted in 1.6–3.0-fold higher yields than the UTC. However, a slight trend of more CBS symptoms and fruit drop, and lower yield was observed for trees treated with 50 mL/m3 compared to those treated with higher volumes. Spray volume change, from 125 to 75 mL/m3, irrespective of fungicide rate correction, led to a 40% reduction of CBS spray costs and water usage and increased the financial return of the control by up to 35%. TRV-based sprays may contribute to sustainable citrus production by reducing costs and environment impacts while maintaining efficient CBS control. 相似文献
10.