Studies on mutlispecific resistance of gastrointestinal nematodes to benzimidazoles on dairy-goat farms

Multispecific resistance to benzimidazoles was studied in three selected farms. These farms had bred dairy goats for more than 15 years. The helminths were introduced with the goats at the establishment of the farms which afterwards remained isolated. Nematode resistance could then be related to their own management practices. Faecal egg count tests and egg hatch assays were performed to assess intensity of resistance. The generic (infective larvae in faecal cultures) and specific richness (adult worms) were assessed. The resistant species were Trichostrongylus colubriformis, Teladorsagia circumcincta, Haemonchus contortus and Oesophagostomum venulosum. Faecal egg count reduction tests and egg-hatch assays did not match exactly. Faecal larval counts after treatments gave a distorted picture of multispecific resistance: Haemonchus and Oesophagostomum were very largely over represented. The number of species found in the three farms was relatively low compared with other reports in goat farms of the area. This reduction of diversity might also be due in part to characteristics of breeding management and history (use of permanent pasture and introduction of goats at the establishment of farm).     

牛皮肤成纤维细胞的体外培养与冻存

利用牛皮肤组织块直接培养法，得到牛皮肤细胞的原代培养物，再用酶消化法和反复贴壁法处理，能够纯化成纤维细胞。成纤维细胞的冻存是通过选用6种分别含有二甲基亚砜（DMSO）、甘油（GL）及乙二醇（EG）的保护液，以相同的冻前处理方法，对牛皮肤成纤维细胞进行缓慢冷冻，冰箱预冷平衡1－2h，逐步投入液氮（－196℃）中保存，再经37℃水浴解冻，Hanks液脱保护剂，以贴壁率评价冻存效果。结果表明，20％DMSO保护液对牛皮肤成纤维细胞表现出较好且稳定的冷冻保护效果，其平均贴壁率达87．9％。     

内蒙古山羊流产病毒的特性研究

1990－1992年从野外山羊流产的胎儿中分离到2株病毒。1994年又从野外自然流产的山羊胎盘中分离到1株病毒。用琼脂扩散试验做交叉反应，证明3株分离病毒属于同一种病毒。用FUDR抑制试验鉴定其核酸型为RNA，在电镜下为圆形颗粒，直径约60－70mm，其能在BHK21，Vero细胞上和鸡胚中增殖，产生明显的CPE。将其回归孕山羊，引起51．2％（21／41）流产。研制的福氏完全佐剂灭活苗初试与对照比较，可使流产降低46％，血清学反应证实其与BTV，IBARKIV，EHDV，AKBV无相关性。     

Suppurative Inflammation of Apocrine Sweat Glands (Suppurative Hidradenitis) in the Dog: A Retrospective Clinicopathological Analysis of 100 Cases

Résumé— Une analyse rétrospective clinicopathologique a été menée chez 100 chiens présentant une hydradénite suppurative diagnostiquée par biopsie cutanée. Aucune prédisposition d'âge, de race ou de sexe n'a été mise en évidence. Tous les chiens présentaient cliniquement une folliculite bactérienne, ou une furonculose, ou les deux, qu'elle soit primaire ou secondaire à d'autres dermatoses. Aucene lésion clinique n'était pathognomonique d'hidradénite suppurative. Chez 73 chiens, l'hidradénite suppurative était associée microscopiquement à des degrés variables d'inflammation du follicule pileux. Chez 27 chiens, l'hidradénite suppurative était la seule évidence histologique d'inflammation annexielle. L'observation histopathologique d'hidradénite suppurative suggère l'existence sur le plan clinique d'une folliculite bactérienne, d'une furonculose, ou des 2. [Scott, D.W. Suppurative inflammation of apocrine sweat glands (suppurative hidradentis) in the dog: a retrospective clinicopathological analysis of 100 cases (inflammation suppurative des glandes sudorales apocrines (hidradénite suppurative) chez le chien: une analyse rétrospective clinicopathologique de 100 cas). Resumen— Se llevó a cabo un estudio clinicopatológico retrospectivo en 100 perros con hidradenitis supurativa diagnosticada mediante biopsia cutánea. No se detectó predominancia alguna de raza, sexo o edad. A todes los perros se les habia diagnosticado clinicamente foliculitis o furunculosis bacteriana, o ambas, ya sea de forma primaria o secundaria a otras dermatosis. No se encontraron lesiones clinicas especificas indicativas de hidradenitis supurativa. En 73 animales, la hidradenitis supurativa estaba asociada con varios grados de inflamación folicular a nivel microscópico. En los 27 casos restantes, los anejos presentaban unicamente hidradenitis supurativa. La presencia de hidradenitis supurativa a nivel microscópico sugiere la existencia de foliculitis o furunculosis bacteriana clinicas, o de ambas. [Scott, D.W. Suppurative inflammation of apocrine sweat glands (suppurative hidradenitis) in the dog: a retrospective clinicopathological analysis of 100 cases (inflamación supurativa de las glándulas sudoriparas apocrinas (hidradenitis supurativa) en el perro: estudio clinicopatológico retrospectivo de 100 casos). Abstract— A retrospective clinicopathological study was conducted on 100 dogs with suppurative hidradenitis as determined by skin biopsy. No apparent age, breed, or sex predilections were recognized. All dogs had been given a clinical diagnosis of bacterial folliculitis, furunculosis, or both of these, whether primary or secondary to other dermatoses. There were no clinical lesions that uniquely suggested the presence of suppurative hidradenitis. In 73 dogs, suppurative hidradenitis occurred in conjunction with varying degrees of hair follicle inflammation microscopically. In 27 dogs, suppurative hidradenitis was the only histological evidence of adnexal inflammation. The histopathologic finding of suppurative hidradenitis suggests the existence of clinical bacterial folliculitis, furunculosis, or both of these.     

山羊高床舍饲配套饲养技术探讨

山羊高床舍饲技术通过修建标准化山羊圈舍，实现山羊饲养过程中对山羊个体的有效控制和辅助，降低饲养劳动量和劳动强度；通过带动种草养羊、养羊与沼气结合，在实现山羊饲养的同时，促进了退耕还草、封山育林等生态建设项目的实施。     

山羊生精上皮细胞分离研究

采用四种酶法分离二月龄关中奶山羊生精上皮细胞,A组:胶原酶Ⅳ;B组:胶原酶Ⅳ +透明质酸酶;C组:胶原酶Ⅳ+透明质酸酶+胰蛋白酶与EDTA;D组:胶原酶Ⅳ+透明质酸酶+胰蛋白酶与EDTA+DnaseI。结果二月龄羔羊曲细精管主要包含Sertoli细胞、精原细胞和管周排列的肌样细胞。每 200mg睾丸实质收获生精上皮细胞总数 (×105 )A,B,C,D组分别为 6. 91±0. 68, 6. 67±0. 80, 5. 94±0. 81, 5. 74±0. 82;细胞存活率 (% )分别为 76. 82±3. 80, 75. 96±1. 61, 94. 19±2. 89, 92. 32±1. 97;圆形细胞比率 (% )分别为 17. 54±1. 68, 16. 70±1. 46, 23. 64±1. 72, 22. 90±2. 38;细胞贴壁率(% )分别为 5. 93±0. 36, 5. 81±0. 54, 26. 94±1. 54, 25. 00±1. 74。C,D组不但组织块解离效果及细胞离散程度均较A,B好,且原代培养细胞团块数少。多重比较C,D组显著优于A,B组 (P<0.05);C组与D组差异不显著(P>0.05),但与A,B组比较细胞存活率、圆形细胞比率及贴壁率差异极显著(P<0.01)。结论认为C组是较简单有效的山羊生精上皮细胞分离酶组合。     

云岭黑山羊受体在夏季同期发情处理效果分析

对 2 2 4只云岭黑山羊及其杂交羊在夏季用CIDR孕酮栓 PMSG法进行同期发情处理 ,结果表明 :①总体发情率为64 73 % ,移植率为 47 3 2 % ,其中发情羊在撤栓后 48小时内 10 0 %发情 ,同期化程度高 ;②楚雄羊 (n =44只 )、师宗羊 (n =96只 )、文山羊 (n =71只 )和杂交羊 (n =9只 ) ,发情率分别为 :5 2 2 7%、65 63 %、66 2 0 %和 10 0 0 0 % ,以杂交羊的同期发情率和移植率高于楚雄山羊 (P <0 0 1)、师宗山羊和文山山羊 (P <0 0 5 ) ,但三个地方的云岭黑山羊的发情率和移植率均无显著差异 (P >0 0 5 ) ;③ 1～ 2 5岁受体羊的发情率比 3～ 5岁羊高 17 74个百分点 (P <0 0 5 ) ,移植率高 11 0 6个百分点(P >0 0 5 ) ;④ 2 0～ 2 9kg羊的发情率分别比 3 0～ 3 9kg和 40～ 5 1kg的羊群高 19 2 3个百分点 (P <0 0 5 )和 2 6 0 1个百分点(P <0 0 1) ;移植率分别高 13 0 7和 14 83个百分点 (P >0 0 5 ) ;⑤青年羊的掉栓率显著低于经产羊 (P <0 0 5 ) ,而掉栓羊群和持栓羊群的发情率和移植率分别比较 ,差异不显著 (P >0 0 5 ) ;⑥处理羊在第 16天撤栓和第 17天撤栓的同期发情率差异不显著 (P >0 0 5 )。     

羊痘的研究进展

羊痘病毒能引起山羊痘、绵羊痘和牛的结节性疹块病。羊痘是以发热、全身性的皮肤损伤、痘疹和淋巴结病变为特征。羊痘病毒是所有动物痘病毒中最为重要的一种，严重影响养羊业和国际贸易的发展。本文从病原学、流行病学、诊断和预防控制等方面对羊痘做一综述。虽然此病从临床症状和宿主特异性上很容易做出诊断，但进一步的实验室确诊还是必要的，现已有多种检测方法和诊断试剂。控制该病最有效的方法还是使用疫苗对易感动物进行免疫接种。