苯甲醛苯甲酰腙的合成及生物活性研究

以苯甲醛、苯甲酸甲酯、水合肼为原料,合成了苯甲醛苯甲酰腙。经元素分析、红外光谱对目标化合物进行了结构表征,并研究了苯甲醛苯甲酰腙对蓼蓝齿胫叶甲的生物活性。结果表明,苯甲醛苯甲酰腙对蓼蓝齿胫叶甲幼虫具有较强的触杀活性和胃毒活性,而拒食作用较弱。     

Gastrophysa atrocyanae (Col: Chrysomelidae), an agent for biological control of the dock,Rumex japonicus (Polygonaceae) in China

Abstract

The biology and host specificity of the beetle, Gastrophysa atrocyanea Motch were studied in the laboratory in Nanchang, China. This univoltine insect completed its immature stage in 32–39 days with adult overwintering in soil. A total of 35 plant species from 21 families were tested. Both larvae and adults attacked Rumex japonicus and Rumex acetosa with R. japonicus the main host. Larvae also attacked two Polygonum species, P. hydropiper and P. perfoliatum. But the adults are not concurrent with the two Polygonum species. Though oviposition occurred on five other plant species, none of them supported larval development. Field observations showed that G. atrocyanae caused a progressive decline in natural R. japonicus populations. Thus it is recommended as a valuable biological agent for this weed.     

蓼蓝齿胫叶甲寄主专食性的研究

对11科36种植物测试的结果表明，蓼蓝齿胫叶甲嗜食蓼科植物，尤其喜食酸模属和蓼属的植物，专食性强。蓼蓝齿胫叶甲在酸模、巴天酸模和皱叶酸模上产卵量多，发育进度快，幼虫死亡率低，羽化率高；经田间多点、多次调查，由于蓼蓝齿胫叶甲的取食，使酸模、巴天酸模和皱叶酸模自然死亡率达90％以上。强迫取食试验未发现危害任何经济作物。该虫蓼科杂草上繁殖力强，对自然控制蓼科杂草起重要作用，有一定的应用价值。     

食草昆虫蓼蓝齿胫叶甲初步研究

蓼蓝齿胫叶甲在政治一年发生一代，以成虫在土壤中越冬。成虫、幼虫均以蓼科杂草为食，是麦田中扁蓄，水蓼等有害杂草的重要天敌。本文对蓼蓝齿胫叶甲各虫态形态特征，年生活史与生活习性，发育起点温度与有效积温，田间发生动态，发生与环境的关系，寄主范围、成虫与幼虫食量及在田间对蓼科杂草的封闭和了报道。     

农药对烟田蓼科杂草专食性天敌-蓼蓝齿胫叶甲的影响

选用烟田常用的杀虫剂和除草剂对烟田蓼科杂草的专食性天敌－蓼蓝齿胫叶甲的存活率，发育历期，产卵量和取食量的影响作了研究。结果表明，农药对烟田蓼蓝齿胫叶甲的存活率，发育历期，产卵量和取食量的影响显著，降低了存活率，产卵量和取食量，而延长了发育历期，其中杀虫剂对蓼蓝齿胫叶甲的影响强于除草剂。杀虫剂中，功夫对蓼蓝齿胫叶甲的影响强于敌百虫；除草剂中，F6285和广灭灵对蓼蓝齿胫叶甲的影响强于其它除草剂。