三价砷氧化细菌Acidovorax sp.GW2中As(Ⅲ)氧化酶基因和调控序列的克隆鉴定

通过反向PCR和细菌Fosmid文库筛选,克隆得到1株二三价砷[As(Ⅲ)]氧化细菌Acidovorax sp.GW2的As(Ⅲ)氧化酶Aox基因簇,包括aoxRSXABCD 7个基因,分别预测编码双组分信号传导系统转录调控子AoxR(同源性68%),周质感应组氨酸激酶AoxS(同源性55%),周质结合蛋白AoxX(同...     

PPARδ agonist GW501516 inhibits ox-LDL-or high glucose-induced apoptosis in human umbilical vein endothelial cells

AIM: To investigate the inhibitory effect of peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor δ (PPARδ) agonist GW501516 on the apoptosis induced by oxidized low-density lipoprotein(ox-LDL) or high concentration of glucose in human umbilical vein endothelial cells (HUVECs). METHODS: Cell apoptosis was induced by ox-LDL or high concentration of glucose in HUVECs and was examined by flow cytometry.The HUVECs were treated with GW501516 at different concentrations. The viability of HUVECs was analyzed by MTT assay. RESULTS: The apoptosis rate of HUVECs treated with ox-LDL was 21.3%, while those of HUVECs treated with ox-LDL combined with low, medium and high concentrations of GW501516 were 17.47%, 9.72% and 3.94%, respectively. The apoptosis rate of HUVECs treated with glucose was 22.60%, while those of HUVECs treated with glucose combined with different concentrations of GW501516 were 20.23%, 17.01% and 9.38%, respectively.The results indicated that ox-LDL or glucose induced apoptosis of HUVECs and GW501516 decreased the apoptotic rates induced by ox-LDL or glucose in a dose-dependent manner. The results of MTT assay showed that glucose or ox-LDL decreased the viability of HUVECs and GW501516 attenuated the effect of glucose or ox-LDL on HUVECs. CONCLUSION: GW501516 inhibits the apoptotic effects of ox-LDL and glucose on HUVECs and increases the viability of the cells.     

Berberine hydrochloride attenuates cyclooxygenase-2 expression in rat small intestinal mucosa during acute endotoxemia

The effect of berberine hydrochloride (BBR) on inducible cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2) in small intestinal mucosa and related mechanisms was investigated in a rat model of acute endotoxemia. The results showed that lipopolysaccharide (LPS) increased COX-2 expression, whereas SB202190 and BBR curtailed it. LPS increased phosphorylation of mucosal p38 MAPK and ATF2 as well as production of ATF2, whereas BBR attenuated these effects. LPS upregulated mucosal peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor gamma (PPARγ), but BBR reduced this receptor. GW9662 aggravated LPS-induced and reversed BBR-attenuated COX-2 expression. The findings showed that BBR ameliorated COX-2 overexpression partially via modulation of p38 and PPARγ pathways during acute endotoxemia.     

春秋兼用耐氟蚕品种华峰_(GW)×雪·A的选配

采用系统分离法建立了华峰灰、白蛾系 ;以华峰、雪松为基础 ,选择耐氟性强、茧丝质优良的现行品种组配若干多元杂交组合 ,通过实验室常规鉴定和耐氟性能测试 ,筛选出耐氟性能好、茧丝质优的家蚕三元杂交组合华峰GW×雪·A。 4省区联合鉴定和种场试繁表明 ,该组合各项经济性状都达到了菁松×皓月的水平 ,繁育性能比华峰×雪松有较大的改善 ,在氟化物污染较严重的蚕区饲养能正常生长发育 ,获得高产     

Molecular Improvement of Grain Weight and Yield in Rice by Using GW6 Gene

Molecular design breeding is one of straightforward approaches to break yield barriers in rice. In this study, GW6 gene for grain length and width from Baodali was transferred into an indica recurrent parent 9311 and a japonica variety Zhonghua 11 （ZH11） using marker-assisted backcross （MAB）. One and three introgression lines were selected for phenotypic analysis from 9311 and ZH11 genetic backgrounds, respectively. SSL-1, an improved 9311 near isogenic line with GW6 performed 11%, 19% and 6.7%higher of grain length, 1000-grain weight and single plant yield, respectively, as compared with 9311. All the three improved ZH11-GW6 lines, R1, R2 and R3, had more than 30% increase in grain weight and about 7%higher in grain yield. Seed plumpness of R1, R2 and R3 was improved synchronously because the three ZH11-GW6 lines contained GIF1 （Grain Incomplete Filling 1）, a dominant grain filling gene. Thus, GW6 has high potential in increasing the yield of inbred lines through MAB, making it an important genetic resource in super hybrid rice breeding. This study provides insights in the utilization of GW6 for large grain and high yield rice breeding via molecular design breeding.     

水稻粒形基因GW8 的功能标记开发和单体型鉴定

水稻粒形性状包含粒长、粒宽、粒厚和长宽比, 是一类影响水稻产量和品质的重要性状。基于基因GW8序列分析, 在该基因启动子区10 bp的Indel和第3外显子A/C和T/G的2个变异位点分别开发了功能标记, 并将其用于294份水稻微核心种质和2007-2013年江苏省审定的65份粳稻品种的基因型鉴定。研究结果表明这3个变异位点的等位变异对主要的粒形性状有着显著或极显著的影响; 其在水稻微核心种质存在的8种单体型对水稻粒形性状有着极显著的影响, 其中分别有126、85和58个代表品种的Hap3、Hap6和Hap1是最主要的单体型, 单体型Hap7对应水稻籽粒的粒长最长、长宽比最大、千粒重最大; 而江苏省审定的粳稻品种中仅发现分别有63个和2个代表品种的单体型是Hap6和Hap2。这些研究结果为水稻产量和品质育种中充分利用基因GW8的优异等位基因或单体型奠定了基础。     

Functional Marker Development and Effect Analysis of Grain Size Gene GW2 in Extreme Grain Size Germplasm in Rice

GW2 is an important gene that regulates grain width and weight. We used c DNA clone to obtain the sequences of GW2 from large- and small-grained rice varieties,TD70 and Kasalath,respectively. Then,we developed a d CAPS(derived cleaved amplified polymorphic sequence) marker on the basis of the sequence difference between functional and nonfunctional GW2 genes to analyze the genotypes and phenotypes of recombinant inbred lines. Results showed that the sequence of GW2TD70 had a single nucleotide deletion at site 316 that generates a termination codon. This codon terminated the GW2 protein in advance. By contrast,the sequence of GW2 Kasalath encoded an intact protein. A novel d CAPS marker was designed in accordance with a base A deletion at site 316 of the sequence. After the PCR product was digested by Apo I,TD70 showed 21 and 30 bp fragments,and Kasalath showed a 51 bp fragment. Up to 82 lines contained GW2TD70,and 158 lines contained GW2 Kasalath. The lines that contained TD70 alleles displayed substantial increases in width and 1000-grain weight. This result suggested that GW2 played a critical role in rice breeding.     

植物激素对紫花苜蓿生长速度和鲜干比的影响

以多年生紫花苜蓿阿尔冈金（MedicagosativaL．Algonquin）为试验对象,以赤霉素（GA）、矮壮素（CCC）、多效唑（PP。）为试材,探讨了赤霉素、矮壮素和多效唑对紫花苜蓿生长的影响。试验结果表明：施用赤霉素提高了紫花苜蓿的生长速度,尤其是200mg,L浓度下喷施赤霉素能有效促进紫花苜蓿株高的生长。矮壮素则延缓生长速度,但提高了干物质积累量。     

Variability of duration of pre-anthesis phases as a strategy for increasing wheat grain yield

In wheat, stem elongation phase (SEP) duration is critical for grain number (GN) per unit of area determination, as it is the phase in which the spikes grow. Lengthening SEP, for instance by photoperiodic sensitivity, without altering the cycle to anthesis (AT) has been proposed as an alternative way to increase spike dry weight, and in turn GN. As most works supporting this idea have modified only SEP by artificial manipulation (e.g. photoperiod extensions), it is relevant to evaluate this hypothesis in populations segregating for this attribute in natural conditions. The aim of this work was to analyse the variability in SEP duration relative to AT in two F4 populations; in order to select contrasting phenotypes to evaluate the impact of this attribute on grain yield components and to analyse the selection response of this attribute. These segregating populations (Las Rosas INTA × Triguero 230 (A) and Klein Estrella × ProINTA B. Alazán (B)) were derived from parental lines with similar flowering time but different relative duration of their pre-anthesis phases. Two field experiments with previous vernalization treatment in cool chamber were carried out. In 2006, F4 populations were characterized and from one of them (population B, which presented higher variability) four groups were selected, which presented contrasting phenotypes in the attribute under study. Progenies of these groups (F5), together with remnant F4 full-sib of each one, were studied during 2007. Grain yield per plant was higher, due to GN increases, when duration of the SEP was lengthened. However, selection response to longer SEP with similar cycle to AT could not be found, possibly as the result of a high environmental influence on this attribute. The phenotypic variability evidenced in this attribute was not clearly associated with major adaptation genes evaluated (i.e. Ppd and/or Vrn), suggesting that other minor genes could be associated.