Assessing the potential impacts of alternative landscape designs on amphibian population dynamics

An individual-based, spatially explicit population model was used to predict the consequences of future land-use alternatives for populations of four amphibian species in two central Iowa (midwest USA) agricultural watersheds. The model included both breeding and upland habitat and incorporated effects of climatic variation and demographic stochasticity. Data requirements of the model include life history characteristics, dispersal behavior, habitat affinities, as well as land use and landcover in geographic information systems databases. Future scenarios were ranked according to change in breeder abundance, saturation, and distribution, compared to baseline conditions. Sensitivity of simulation results to changes in model parameters was also examined. Simulated results suggest that while all four species modeled are likely to persist under present and future scenario conditions, two may be more at risk from future landscape change. Although the study species are all widespread generalists regarded as having a low conservation priority, they depend on wetlands and ponds, increasingly endangered habitats in agricultural landscapes. Broader conservation strategies in the region would ensure that these currently common organisms do not become the endangered species of the future.This revised version was published online in May 2005 with corrections to the Cover Date.     

小菜蛾对苯甲酰基脲类杀虫剂的抗性现状及治理对策

本文概述了小菜蛾对苯甲酰基脲类杀虫剂的抗性现状,并根据其抗性特点提出５点治理对策。     

农科大学生英语听力教学现状分析及其改革对策探讨

采用问卷调查法,以103名农科大学生和25名大学英语教师为对象,调查了河北农业大学农科大学生大学英语听力教学现状及其影响因素,发现制约其听力水平提高的障碍因素主要为语音、文化背景知识和听力学习策略和技巧等,在此基础上提出了“课中、课外两条线,强化语音训练,补充英语文化背景知识,注重学习策略学习及应用”的农科大学生英语听力教学改革方略及“听前背景知识热身＋听时反复训练至听懂＋听后总结、巩固和提高”的具体改革方法。     

实施区域发展战略 走甘肃特色农业科技进步之路

通过对甘肃区域发展战略的理解,立足甘肃省情,探讨了在实施区域发展战略中,甘肃农业科技需以推进现代农业和新农村建设为目标,以提升农业科技自主创新能力为核心,以加快科技成果转化应用为重点,走甘肃特色农业科技进步之路。     

英语听力预测策略及其培养途径

预测在听力理解中是一项有效的学习策略。培养学生运用预测策略有助于提高他们的听力理解能力。本文分析了预测策略在听力理解中的作用,探讨了听力教学中培养学生预测能力的有效途径,并建议听力教师加强学习策略指导,以增强学生的听力理解能力。     

饲料企业家族化管理弊端分析与应对策略

饲料行业作为国民经济发展中的重要一环,对解决就业、促进区域经济增长、推动产业结构优化调整等起到重要作用.回顾饲料行业的发展历程,由于过去饲料行业门槛较低且呈现明显的地域分布规律,以家族管理模式创立的饲料企业数量较多.家族化管理一定程度上提升了企业的凝聚性,且具有执行效率高、管理成本低等优势.但随着行业竞争的进一步加剧,...     

Recent Advances in the Synthesis of Marine-Derived Alkaloids via Enzymatic Reactions

Alkaloids are a large and structurally diverse group of marine-derived natural products. Most marine-derived alkaloids are biologically active and show promising applications in modern (agro)chemical, pharmaceutical, and fine chemical industries. Different approaches have been established to access these marine-derived alkaloids. Among these employed methods, biotechnological approaches, namely, (chemo)enzymatic synthesis, have significant potential for playing a central role in alkaloid production on an industrial scale. In this review, we discuss research progress on marine-derived alkaloid synthesis via enzymatic reactions and note the advantages and disadvantages of their applications for industrial production, as well as green chemistry for marine natural product research.     

Ecosystem services from turfgrass landscapes

Turf is an important component of the urban and rural landscape. The natural plant formations/biomes that it mimics are the tropical savanna, the temperate grasslands (steppe and the prairies) and the tundra. Turf in a higher or lower degree provides all the ecosystem services of the other types of vegetation. Vegetation ecosystem services that have been previously emphasized include functional, aesthetical, recreational, social, and economic services as well as services related to people psychological or physical health. The purpose of this review is to gather updated information on turf ecosystem services, mainly on how they compare to other types of vegetation, or substitutes, and to suggest some future trends/areas of research.Turf has a unique role in aesthetics and, definitely, provides an irreplaceable surface for recreational sports/activities. From the available information, turf seems to have a higher potential than other types of vegetation for reducing runoff, increasing infiltration, purifying water from sediments and pollutants, controlling erosion, improving soil quality and reducing fire hazards. For the lawn owners the main turf benefits are: first the enhanced property aesthetics, second the increment in property value and third the provision of a recreation area. Turf, as all vegetation, uses water. Without the water its benefits may be reduced or annihilated. Mimicking nature may offer some solutions for saving water: summer brown lawns that green up in the fall, although losing some of the turf benefits, may be an appropriate choice where irrigation is not feasible and are worth some research. Research, should also be done on lawns using a mix of grasses and legumes: the presence of legumes may avoid N fertilization and, possibly allows for clippings removal and usage as biofuel, while keeping the soil accumulation of carbon, preventing N leaching and turning turf’s carbon footprint even more positive.     

固定/稳定化土壤修复技术的应用与优化分析

固定/稳定化技术是污染土壤修复的常用方法之一,具有费用低、无毒、综合效益好等优点,非常适合我国典型土壤污染区的修复。本文介绍了固定/稳定化方法的作用原理与修复材料,分析了此技术的适用范围及优缺点。文章归纳了近年来固定/稳定化技术在污染土壤修复中的应用成功案例,并结合我国土壤污染的实际状况和修复需求,从加强工程技术与装备研发、优化费用结构和发展环境友好型固定/稳定化技术等角度,提出了固定/稳定化技术应用的优化建议。