坏死梭杆菌FN(A)p2001株小鼠感染模型的建立

将鹿源坏死梭杆菌FN(A)p2001分离株以3×108、3×107、3×106、3×105、3×104、3×103个/只等不同菌量,分别接种于6组小鼠,每组10只,逐日观察小鼠感染情况.结果表明,3×106、3×107、3×108个/只菌量感染组小鼠,在接种后3 d～8 d先后死亡,5 d后死亡小鼠的病理变化明显,并从死亡小鼠内脏及脓汁中均检到长丝状及小杆状等多形态典型的坏死梭杆菌;3×104个/只和3×105个/只菌量感染仅表现体重减轻,3×103个/只菌量感染无明显临床表现.由此表明,坏死梭杆菌FN(A)P2001分离株具有很强的感染毒力;对小鼠的最小致死量为106个/只菌量;腹腔接种是适宜的感染途径.从而建立了坏死梭杆菌分离株小鼠感染模型.     

鹿源坏死梭杆菌毒力菌株FN(AB)94抗原的免疫原性

将坏死梭杆菌分离株 FN(AB) 94厌氧培养后 ,裂解制备抗原 ,在抗原悬液中加入等量福氏完全佐剂 ,配制成乳化抗原 ,以此分别接种 3组 9只家兔 ,并设立对照组。初次免疫后 7d进行第 2次免疫 ,每隔 1周采血 ,检测免疫兔血清中抗体滴度 ,2 8d后免疫兔分别用 2 m L 的 10 8个菌 /m L(2个 ML D)坏死梭杆菌分离株 FN(AB) 94感染 ,3只对照家兔同时感染相同剂量 ;逐日观察攻毒家兔的变化。结果 ,3只对照家兔于感染后的 12～ 2 1d死亡 ;而 9只免疫兔完全能抵抗毒力菌株的感染 ,6个月后仍存活。试验表明 ,坏死梭杆菌分离株 FN(AB) 94裂解抗原加佐剂后 ,具有良好的免疫原性。     

The in vitro cytotoxicity of native and modified trichloroacetic acid-extracted antigens from Fusobacterium necrophorum for mouse peritoneal macrophages

A Boivin lipopolysaccharide-protein complex (LPS-P), Westphal LPS (W-LPS), Boivin LPS (B-LPS), and a lipid A-associated protein (LAP) were extracted from Fusobacterium necrophorum bov 5 strain and chemically analyzed for protein, total nitrogen, hydrolyzed hexosamine, and nucleic acid content. Dose and time effects on the in vitro cytotoxicity of these preparations for mouse peritoneal macrophages were determined. Macrophage monolayers were exposed to 2.0 ml of 10, 100, 250, 500, or 1000 μg/ml solutions of the individual preparations for 1, 2, 4, or 6 hr at 37°C, and relative toxicities were determined; B-LPS> LPS-P> LAP, W-LPS. The effects of heat, NaOH, and trypsin and pronase on the native antigens were determined. Heat treatment had no effect on the cytotoxicity of B-LPS, but increased the toxicity of LPS-P and LAP for macrophages. Alkaline treatment decreased the cytotoxicity of B-LPS and increased the toxicity of LPS-P and LAP for macrophages. Enzyme treatment had no effect on LPS-P toxicity. The relationship of lipid A and protein content to toxicity for macrophages is discussed. Lipid A appears to be important in the cytotoxicity of B-LPS, and the protein components of LPS-P and LAP may contribute to their toxic activity. The ability of these bacterial cellular antigens to destroy phagocytic cells may facilitate the establishment of necrotic abscesses in susceptible hosts.     

具核梭杆菌促进结直肠癌发生机理的研究进展

结直肠癌(CRC)是全球第三大流行癌症,对人类的健康危害很大.大量研究证明,结直肠局部微生态改变与CRC的发生有关.通过宏基因组学及高通量测序技术运用,发现CRC患者的肿瘤微生态环境和粪便样本富集了大量具核梭杆菌.因此,具核梭杆菌被认为是CRC发生、发展的危险因素之一.迄今为止,具核梭杆菌引起CRC的发生机理还不清楚....     

坏死杆菌白细胞毒素作为腐蹄病亚单位疫苗候选抗原的研究前景

腐蹄病（foot rot）是侵害反刍动物趾间皮肤及深层软组织为主的,严重影响奶牛生产性能和产奶质量的一种常见疾病。由于传统的灭活菌苗具有免疫效果差、副反应严重及大量生产困难等缺点,使腐蹄病基因工程疫苗的研究成为热点。笔者对坏死杆菌白细胞毒素作为腐蹄病亚单位疫苗候选抗原研究的最新进展进行综述,希望为腐蹄病亚单位疫苗的研究提供参考。     

Detection of Fusobacterium necrophorum and Dichelobacter nodosus in lame cattle on dairy farms in New Zealand

Lameness in the dairy industry in New Zealand causes a problem in lost production, animal welfare and associated costs. To understand what bacteria may be present on the hooves of lame dairy cattle in this grass-fed system, samples were scraped from lame dairy cows and examined for the presence of Fusobacterium necrophorum (F. necrophorum) and Dichelobacter nodosus (D. nodosus) using the polymerase chain reaction (PCR). The PCR primers were designed to detect the presence of the lktA gene, which encodes a leukotoxin unique to F. necrophorum, and the fimA gene of D. nodosus. A total of 148 hoof scrapings were collected by farm staff over the period September 2005 to May 2006. F. necrophorum was detected in 79/148 of the samples, while D. nodosus was detected in 7/148 of the samples. The frequent finding of F. necrophorum within dairy herds in New Zealand is noteworthy and the occasional finding of D. nodosus on some dairy cattle suggests a possible role in both ovine and bovine hoof pathology.     

坏死梭杆菌外膜蛋白基因的克隆与表达

依据GenBank中登录的坏死梭杆菌外膜蛋白(outer membrane protein,OMP)基因序列,设计1对引物进行PCR扩增OMP片段并克隆至pET-28a中,构建原核表达重组质粒pET-28a-OMP。将pET-28a-OMP转化到大肠杆菌BL21(DE3)感受态中,表达含2个His的重组蛋白。SDS-PAGE和Western blotting分析结果表明,该重组蛋白分子质量为93 ku,为包涵体表达,具有反应原性。本试验结果为坏死梭杆菌OMP免疫机制的研究提供了基础数据。     

致病性鹿源坏死梭杆菌分离鉴定

应用厌氧培养技术,从患坏死杆菌病鹿的病变坏死组织和脓汁中仞出一种主要的病原菌,通过细菌形态学、染色反应、培养特性、生化试验、血清学反应等鉴定方法,确定该病原分离株为严格厌氧性坏死棱杆菌,分型鉴定为Ａ、ＡＢ和Ｂ型;实验动物感染证明Ａ和ＡＢ型坏死梭杆菌为致病性菌株。     

坏死梭杆菌病免疫学研究进展

长期以来,国内外研究人员一直致力于坏死梭杆菌的免疫性及免疫作用研究,但进展缓慢,主要原因是坏死梭杆菌免疫作用弱,无法产生保护性免疫。直到20世纪80年代末,对坏死梭杆菌免疫研究才有了新的突破,初步研制出坏死梭杆菌疫苗,并经小群动物试验获得成功。文章就坏死梭杆菌免疫性及免疫作用的初始研究、坏死梭杆菌免疫原筛选研究、抗原间的相互作用、疫苗研究进展进行了综述,并展望了坏死梭杆菌疫苗研究的发展趋势。     

坏死梭杆菌白细胞毒素研究进展

坏死梭杆菌白细胞毒素(Lkt)是一组对反刍动物白细胞特别是多形性白细胞(PMNs)有特异性毒性作用的细胞外毒素,被认为是坏死梭杆菌感染动物的主要毒力因子。白细胞毒素的物理稳定性较低,高温或极端pH环境中都能使白细胞毒素活性丧失。研究发现,白细胞毒素开放阅读框(ORF)全长9 726bp,由3个基因(lktB、A和C)组成,结构基因是第2个基因(lktA)。白细胞毒素对白细胞的毒性作用有剂量依赖性,并且溶血活性较低,不能在豚鼠猪皮肤上形成皮肤坏死症状。