青海地区野生狐狸棘球绦虫感染情况调查研究

野生狐狸是棘球绦虫的主要终末宿主,在棘球蚴病的传播中有重要作用.为了解青海省狐狸中棘球绦虫感染状况,我们用棘球绦虫粪抗原检测试剂盒,对收集于青海省称多县、贵南县、祁连县的野生狐狸粪便进行了检测.结果表明,称多县收集的129份狐狸粪便阳性15份,阳性率11.6％;祁连县收集的84份狐狸粪便阳性3份,阳性率3.6％;贵南县...     

貉,蓝狐,银狐的胃及十二指肠内嗜银细胞形态分布的研究

本文应用Ｆｏｒｔａｎａ—Ｍａｓｓｏｎ嗜银颗粒染色法研究了貉、蓝狐、银狐的胃及十二指肠内嗜银细胞的形态分布。结果表明：三种动物胃幽门腺中，嗜根细胞数量最多，呈锥状，嗜银颗粒较粗，密度大、染成深黑色。在胃底及胃贲门腺区、嗜银细胞数量少。在十二指肠部嗜银细胞呈蝌蚪形，嗜银颗粒细，呈黑褐色，密度较小。嗜银细胞的分布密度在三种动物中具有一定的差别。     

应用银黑狐精液改良蓝狐配种技术

试验结果表明 ,利用银狐精液 ,采用人工授精的方法改良蓝狐得到很好的效果 ,受胎率可达 92 %。     

狐源犬Ⅰ型腺病毒分离与鉴定

在研究山东地区狐狸传染性脑炎流行情况的过程中,从潍坊某养狐场送检的9份疑似狐狸传染性脑炎病死狐脏器中分离到一株病毒。对所分离到的病毒进行形态学观察、病毒核酸型鉴定、特异性试验、PCR检测及动物感染试验的系统鉴定,并通过耐热性试验,耐酸性试验,脂溶剂敏感试验,血凝实验对其主要生物学特性进行研究,试验结果显示该病毒能在DK细胞中生长,引起"葡萄串样"细胞病变效应(CPE),抗犬Ⅰ型腺病毒抗体能够特异性地抑制所分离病毒在DK细胞内的增殖。形态为20面体立体对称、直径约80nm的腺病毒样粒子,对5-IUDR敏感,对56℃、pH3.0的酸、氯仿有一定抵抗力,能凝集鸡、豚鼠和人O型红细胞,用E3区特异性引物能扩增出CAV-1特异性核酸片段,能感染狐狸引起狐狸传染性脑炎症状。结果表明所分离到的病毒为犬Ⅰ型腺病毒(Canine adenovirus type 1,CAV-1),将其命名为CAV-1-FOX/WF株。     

狐狸脑炎病毒的分离鉴定

通过ＭＤＣＫ传细胞从黑龙江某狐场疑似狐狸脑炎病狐的肝脏中分离到对本动物具有较强致病能力的强毒株,定名为ＦＥＶ－Ｈ。经系统鉴定,并与已知国内分离毒株狐狸脑炎病毒ＦＥＶ－８８０１,狐喉气管炎病毒ＦＡＶ－２比较,证实为狐狸脑炎病毒,属犬１型腺病毒（ＣＡＶ－１）。     

我国狐貂貉犬瘟热与细小病毒肠炎的免疫预防现状与问题

长期以来,我国狐貂貉饲养经历了多次大起大落,其原因除体制、生产及销售无序混乱外,品种退化、饲养管理粗放、技术低下和主要传染病屡有发生、流行也是重要因素。其中犬瘟热与细小病毒肠炎疫苗质量不稳定、免疫程序不合理是免疫失败而招致疫病发生、流行的关键因素。     

A KCNJ10 mutation previously identified in the Russell group of terriers also occurs in Smooth-Haired Fox Terriers with hereditary ataxia and in related breeds

Background

Hereditary ataxias with similar phenotypes were reported in the Smooth-Haired Fox Terrier, the Jack Russell Terrier and the Parson Russell Terrier. However, segregation analyses showed differing inheritance modes in these breeds. Recently, molecular genetic studies on the Russell group of terriers found independent mutations in KCNJ10 and CAPN1, each associated with a specific clinical subtype of inherited ataxia. The aim of this study was to clarify whether or not Smooth-Haired Fox Terriers with hereditary ataxia and dogs of other related breeds harbor either of the same mutations. A sub goal was to update the results of KCNJ10 genotyping in Russell group terriers.

Findings

Three Smooth-Haired Fox Terriers with hereditary ataxia and two Toy Fox Terriers with a similar phenotype were all homozygous for the KCNJ10 mutation. The same mutation was also found in a heterozygous state in clinically unaffected Tenterfield Terriers (n = 5) and, in agreement with previous studies, in Jack Russell Terriers, Parson Russell Terriers, and Russell Terriers.

Conclusions

A KCNJ10 mutation, previously associated with an autosomal recessive spinocerebellar ataxia in Jack Russell Terriers, Parson Russell Terriers, and Russell Terriers segregates in at least three more breeds descended from British hunting terriers. Ataxic members of two of these breeds, the Smooth-Haired Fox Terrier and the Toy Fox Terrier, were homozygous for the mutation, strengthening the likelihood that this genetic defect is indeed the causative mutation for the disease known as “hereditary ataxia” in Fox Terriers and “spinocerebellar ataxia with myokymia, seizures or both” in the Russell group of terriers.     

狐阴道加德纳氏菌病防治技术的研究

狐阴道加德纳氏菌病是一种新的人兽共患传染病 ,也是导致狐空怀与流产的重要病原之一。本文就其病原分离鉴定、流行病学、病原菌的血清型、血清学的特异诊断、病原菌对化学药物的敏感谱及疫苗的免疫预防研究进行了系统概述     

The efficacy of feral cat, fox and rabbit exclusion fence designs for threatened species protection

Pen and field trials were used to test the effectiveness and cost-efficiency of wire netting and electric fence designs as barriers to feral cats, foxes and rabbits in northern South Australia. A 180 cm high wire netting fence with foot apron and a curved ‘floppy’ overhang effectively contained most rabbits, feral cats and foxes during pen trials and proved effective with intensively monitored paddock-scale exclosures. A reduced height fence of 115 cm did not reduce effectiveness of the fence during fence trials but paddock-scale trials are yet to be completed. Conventional 40 mm diameter hexagonal “rabbit netting” was not an effective barrier against young independent rabbits and it is recommended that 30 mm hexagonal netting should be used. A 60 cm wide external netting overhang, curved in an arc and supported by lengths of heavy gauge wire, effectively precluded more feral cats and foxes than a 30 cm wide overhang angled upwards. The 30 cm foot apron was augmented in erosion-prone dunes and watercourses by the addition of wider netting or rubber matting to prevent incursions. Posts, and particularly corners, were targeted by feral cats and foxes and the efficacy of the fence was improved by using steel, rather than timber posts. Electric wires offset from the netting at heights of 120 and 150 cm provided a shock to animals exploring the base of the overhang and further improved the fence efficacy. PVC conduit rollers on the top wire were not effective.Material costs ranged from AUD $8814 per km for the 115 cm high fence to AUD $12,432 per km for the 180 cm high fence with two electric wires. The non-standard 30 mm hexagonal netting accounted for 57% of the material costs of the low netting fence. Increased demand for this netting may reduce the expense of rabbit exclusion. Expenses could also be reduced where existing stock fences are modified by the addition of netting.     

狐狸脑炎病毒细胞培养灭活疫苗的研究

采用分离到的狐狸脑炎病毒ＦＥＶ－Ｈ作种毒，经ＭＤＣＫ细胞培养，经最终含量为０．２％的甲醛灭活，制备狐狸脑炎病毒细胞培养灭活疫苗。皮下接种疫苗１０ｍｌ，试验狐，貉，犬均无临床特异反应，局部吸收良好。最小免疫剂量为１６倍稀释的疫苗原液１ｍｌ，使用剂量定为４倍稀释的疫苗原液１ｍｌ，试验狐狸免疫后３０天，血清中和抗体效价达到高峰值１：１４５，能耐受张毒攻击。免疫后６个月，抗体水平降至１：３２，但此时仍能耐