Equine pituitary pars intermedia dysfunction: current understanding and recommendations from the Australian and New Zealand Equine Endocrine Group

The purpose of this article is to provide a review of the current knowledge and opinions about the epidemiology, clinical findings (including sequelae), diagnosis, treatment and monitoring of equine pituitary pars intermedia dysfunction, particularly in the Australian context. This information and the recommendations provided will assist practitioners in making informed decisions regarding the diagnosis and management of this disorder.     

低能离子注入麻黄种子生物效应初步研究

本文初步研究了离子束注入麻黄种子后的当代生物效应 ,研究表明 :离子注入对麻黄种子的生长起良好的生物效应。注入剂量为 4× 1 0 1 6 N+ / cm2 时 ,伊吾蓝麻黄种子发芽率最高为 76 % ,相对空白增长 4 3.4 % ;在注入剂量为 4× 1 0 1 6 N+ / cm2 ,伊吾蓝麻黄种子的发芽 3天时呼吸速率达 1 .1 4 0 mg/ g· h。这也表明发芽率高的剂量下 ,种子的呼吸速率增加 ,注入剂量为 1 2× 1 0 1 6 N+ / cm2 ,伊吾蓝麻黄种子的盆栽出土率最大为 2 2 .7%。 4× 1 0 1 6 N+ / cm2 剂量离子注入和硕蓝麻黄种子时 ,其盆栽出土率最大为 4 2 .3% ,比对照增加了 6 4 %。     

我国麻黄属的分类问题

本文对我国麻黄属植物进行了分类整理,计有2组15种2变种1变型。其中增补了国内原有12种4变种的记载,同时对易于混淆的种进行了讨论。     

基于中麻黄萌发种子转录组的黄酮类化合物合成途径基因的挖掘

应用新一代高通量测序技术(Illumina Solexa),对中麻黄(Ephedra intermedin)同萌期的种子进行转录组测序,数据重头(denovo)组装后,共获得52 007条Unigene序列,总长为25 043 596 bp。COG功能注释、GO分类及KEGG代谢通路分析后,获得了64 751个GO功能注释,17 701个COG功能注释以及16 942个KEGG注释,并从KEGG通路中找到参与黄酮类化合物合成途径的关键基因片段283个,其中包含了查尔酮合酶基因、细胞色素相关基因和花青素还原酶等基因。中麻黄转录组测序工作的完成,极大地扩充了麻黄的基因资源,为麻黄属植物分子系统进化分析、抗性和药用功能基因的发掘与利用、遗传改良等研究奠定基础。     

The Effect of Season on the Histologic and Histomorphometric Appearance of the Equine Pituitary Gland

The objective of this study was to determine the effect of season on the histologic and histomorphometric appearance of the normal equine pituitary gland. Pituitary glands were collected at necropsy from 121 horses throughout the year. Plasma was also collected from 59 of these horses before euthanasia. Hematoxylin and eosin stained median sagittal sections of each pituitary were evaluated and histologically graded by three pathologists. Histomorphometric analysis was performed on the same slides. Plasma α-melanocyte stimulating hormone was measured by radioimmunoassay in a subset of horses (n = 59). A total of 118 pituitary glands were included in the study after exclusions were made on the basis of the presence of pars intermedia (PI) adenomas (>5 mm). There was a positive correlation between PI hormone concentration (α-melanocyte stimulating hormone) and PI area. Pituitary gland measurements and grades from samples collected in the fall were compared with those collected in the nonfall months using t-test. The PI area, total pituitary area, and PI/total pituitary ratio were significantly greater in the fall compared with nonfall months (P < .0001, P < .01, P < .0001, respectively). Pituitary grades were also higher in the fall compared with nonfall months (P < .001). There was no seasonal difference in pars distalis or pars nervosa area. The results of this study show that the normal equine pituitary shows seasonal changes in appearance and size. These changes must be considered when using postmortem histologic evaluations in the diagnosis of pituitary pars intermedia dysfunction or for validation of antemortem diagnostic tests.     

水冬瓜叶的生药学及其近红外快速鉴别技术研究

采用近红外光谱技术对落叶小乔木水冬瓜叶进行生药学鉴别研究,并建立快速真伪定性鉴别模型。采集42批次水冬瓜叶药材近红外原始光谱并对原始光谱进行预处理,运用主成分分析法(PCA)建立水冬瓜叶药材定性鉴别模型。同时分别采用6批次水冬瓜叶药材、水冬瓜根皮药材与水冬瓜树皮药材验证模型。结果表明:水冬瓜叶互生,呈阔心形,先端渐尖;叶表皮细胞体积膨大,附有非腺毛、表面有气孔;粉末中富含方晶,导管为螺纹导管,气孔为平轴式。建立的近红外快速定性鉴别模型可以快速、准确地鉴别出水冬瓜叶药材正品,预测准确率为100%,为水冬瓜叶药材质量评价提供了一种新技术与方法,可为今后水冬瓜叶的鉴定及深入研究提供鉴定依据。