卵母细胞去核及卵丘细胞移核方法对猪体细胞核移植的影响

以猪体外成熟卵母细胞周围分离得到的卵丘细胞作为猪体细胞核移植的供核细胞,研究了卵母细胞不同去核方法(盲吸法、活性荧光染色去核法、盲吸法和活性荧光染色法联合去核法)的去核率差异,并比较了卵丘细胞透明带下注核和胞质内注核两种重建胚构建方法的胚胎裂解率、4 8细胞发育率和桑椹胚率的差异。结果表明:(1)以荧光染料染色法的去核率(87.18%)最高,与其他试验组相比差异显著(P<0.05);盲吸法去核所用时间最少(1.2 min/个),与其他试验组相比差异显著(P<0.05)。(2)透明带下注核比卵母细胞质内直接注核的卵裂率(40.11%/29.75%)和4 8细胞率(11.86%/6.81%)高,差异显著(P<0.05);桑椹胚率(1.75%/1.79%)无明显差异(P>0.05)。     

小鼠卵母细胞去核时间对卵丘细胞核移植的影响

对超数排卵的小鼠分别在注射HCG后14~16, 16~18, 18~20和20~22 h采小鼠卵母细胞用于 核移植, 观察小鼠卵母细胞的去核时间在体细胞核移植中的作用。结果显示, 在注射hCG后14~16, 16~18, 18~20和20~22 h, 小鼠卵母细胞去核效率分别为80.09 %(338/422), 73.12 %(283/387), 55.02 %(230/418)和48.74 %(193/396); 重构胚激活率分别为 66.20 %(190/287), 75.43 %(175/232), 84.78 %(156/184)和85.14 %(126/ 148); 重构胚的囊胚发育率分别为13.94 %(40/287), 7.33 %(17/232), 3.80 %(7/184)和1.35 %(2/148)。试验证实小鼠卵母细胞在注射hCG后14~16 h进行去核较为适宜。     

小鼠胚胎干细胞密度梯度离心去核法

在细胞松弛素B的参与下，通过Ficoll密度梯度离心法可有效制备小鼠无核ES细胞，在适宜条件下，悬液培养中40％的小鼠ES细胞可发生去核作用，经Hoechst染色和形态观察确定：80％的去核ES细胞在30min内可恢复其原有形态，但其生活力不会超过48h，这为研究ES细胞的胞质功能及核质互作效应提供了一种可行的细胞去核方法。     

卵母细胞体外成熟时间对绵羊核移植效率的影响(英文)

[Objective] The study aimed to provide references for the time of oocyte maturation in vitro and enucleation in the course of sheep nuclear transfer(NT).[Method] Compared the effects of different maturation time of oocytes on enucleation efficiency and reconstructed embryo development by means of blind enucleation and fluorescence microscopy.[Result] Treatment of IVM(in vitro maturation)19-21 h was significantly higher than IVM 16-18 h treatment in oocyte maturation rate(P<0.05)and was significantly higher than IVM 22-24 h treatment in enucleation rate(P<0.05).Three treatments had no significant difference in cleavage rate and blastocyst rate(P>0.05),but IVM 19-21 h treatment was significantly higher than the other 2 treatments in average cell number of blastocysts(P<0.05).[Conclusion] The appropriate in vitro maturation time of oocytes was 19-21 h for sheep nuclear transfer,which could significantly improve the quality of blastocysts according to the cell number per blastocyst(P<0.05).     

Radical Eye Exenteration and Second Intention Healing in Horses: A Case Series

Exenteration of an eye may be necessary in clinical practice for a variety of disease processes. Specifically, neoplastic processes may require wide excision margins that may not allow primary closure of the surgical site. This report describes a series of horses undergoing unilateral radical eye exenteration for which primary closure was not possible because of the extent of tissue excised. For each case, the underlying pathology, surgical technique, perioperative treatments, and outcome are described. Six cases were treated of which three survive at this time, two were euthanized because of recurrence, and one was euthanized for unrelated problem. Radical exenteration of the eye with wide margins and second intention healing is easy to perform and well tolerated in horses. It should be considered when extensive resection is required for instance in neoplastic processes. Aftercare is required as for all wounds that heal by second intention; time from surgery to epithelialization is approximately 4 months.     

卵母细胞体外成熟时间对绵羊核移植效率的影响(英文)

[Objective] The study aimed to provide references for the time of oocyte maturation in vitro and enucleation in the course of sheep nuclear transfer(NT).[Method] Compared the effects of different maturation time of oocytes on enucleation efficiency and reconstructed embryo development by means of blind enucleation and fluorescence microscopy.[Result] Treatment of IVM(in vitro maturation)19-21 h was significantly higher than IVM 16-18 h treatment in oocyte maturation rate(P<0.05)and was significantly higher than IVM 22-24 h treatment in enucleation rate(P<0.05).Three treatments had no significant difference in cleavage rate and blastocyst rate(P>0.05),but IVM 19-21 h treatment was significantly higher than the other 2 treatments in average cell number of blastocysts(P<0.05).[Conclusion] The appropriate in vitro maturation time of oocytes was 19-21 h for sheep nuclear transfer,which could significantly improve the quality of blastocysts according to the cell number per blastocyst(P<0.05).     

卵母细胞体外成熟时间对绵羊核移植效率的影响

[目的]为绵羊克隆试验中卵母细胞的体外成熟及去核时间提供参考。[方法]利用盲吸法结合荧光显微镜检查,对绵羊不同成熟时间卵母细胞去核的效率及其后续重构胚的发育进行对比。[结果]体外成熟培养19~21 h的绵羊卵母细胞在成熟率上显著高于体外成熟培养16~18 h(P(0.05),在去核成功率上显著高于体外成熟培养22~24 h(P(0.05);3个试验组在卵裂率、囊胚率上差异不显著(P(0.05),但是体外成熟培养19~21 h的试验组囊胚平均细胞数要显著高于其他2组(P(0.05)。[结论]体外成熟培养19~21 h的卵母细胞较适于作为受体细胞进行绵羊核移植,可以显著提高囊胚的质量。     

小鼠卵母细胞去核方法的改进

为摸索一种简单有效的小鼠(Mus musculus)卵母细胞去核方法,本研究对压电脉冲装置(Piezo)辅助显微操作条件下的小鼠中期Ⅱ(metaphaseⅡ,MⅡ)卵母细胞去核方法进行了改进,比较了改进的去核方法和常规去核方法,在无蔗糖或含蔗糖去核操作液中的去核效果及核移植重构胚的后续发育能力;用改进的去核法在无蔗糖的去核操作液中对卵母细胞进行去核,比较卵母细胞去核操作液及核移植操作液中添加不同浓度胎牛血清(FBS)时核移植重构胚的后续发育能力。结果显示,MⅡ期卵母细胞在无蔗糖和含3%蔗糖的去核操作液中通过调整显微镜物镜距离显示MⅡ期纺锤体区域的方法进行显核,显核率分别为98.4%(184/187)和98.7%(153/155)(P0.05)。在无蔗糖或含蔗糖的去核操作液中,用改进的去核法,即去核针穿过透明带后,紧贴MⅡ期纺锤体区域的质膜,施加负压将MⅡ期纺锤体区域吸住并将其直接拉出卵母细胞,去核率分别为84.6%和88.2%;用常规去核法在这2种去核操作液中去核,去核率分别为83.1%和88.6%,各组之间差异均不显著(P0.05);用改进的去核法比常规去核法吸出的胞质少。用改进的去核方法在无蔗糖的去核操作液中去核后,构建的核移植重构胚发育到8-细胞、桑椹胚和囊胚的比率最高,桑椹胚发育率(16.3%)和囊胚发育率(5.8%)显著高于用该法在含蔗糖的去核操作液中去核组(5.1%和0)。用常规去核法在无蔗糖操作液及含蔗糖操作液中去核后,核移植重构胚的桑椹胚发育率分别为3.3%和1.2%(P0.05),且均未获得囊胚发育。去核操作液和核移植操作液中添加20%FBS时,重构胚囊胚发育率显著高于添加10%FBS组(10.9%对4.9%)(P0.05),表明用改进的去核方法在添加20%胎牛血清(FBS)的操作液中进行去核及核移植操作是可行的,而且对重构胚后续发育的支持能力较好。本研究为进一步提高小鼠体细胞核移植效率做出了有益的探索。     

小鼠不同卵龄卵母胞细纺锤体位置及对去核效率的影响

探讨小鼠不同卵龄卵母细胞纺锤体位置与去核效率之间的关系。用Spindle-View观察小鼠不同卵龄卵母细胞纺锤体位置,然后对其进行去核操作。观察发现卵龄10,12h的纺锤体处于I,II,III区的比率分别为95%,3%,2%;33%,33%,23%。两组进行盲吸去核,去核率分别为90%和22%。在Spindle-View下去核卵龄10h的卵母细胞去核率为95%,其中有56%(n=59)的卵母细胞去不到1/6的卵胞质就可去核,而卵龄12h的卵母细胞去核率为87%,其中有76%(n=85)的卵母细胞吸去1/3的卵胞质才可去核。小鼠卵母细胞不同卵龄对纺锤体位置和核移植程序中去核效率有显著影响。