Analysis of QTL for Seed Dormancy and Their Response to Dry Heat Treatment in Rice(Oryza sativa L.)

Quantitative trait loci(QTL)controlling seed dormancy in rice were identified using recombinant inbred lines(RILs)population derived from the cross between a japonica variety Kinmaze and an indica variety DV85. Seeds of two parental cultivars and each RIL were harvested in 35d after heading.. The germination percentage of these seeds at 30℃for 7 days were measured as the degree of seed dormancy.. QTL analysis was performed with Windows QTL Cartographer 1.13a program by composite interval mapping.. A total of four QTL for seed dormancy were detected on chromosome 2(two regions),5 and 11,respectively.Phenotypic variation explained by each QTL ranged from 8.37 to 17.40%.. Responses of such loci to a dormancy-breaking treatment with dry heat were further detected. The results showed that two alleles of qDOR-2-1 and qDOR-5 from DV85 as well as the allele of qDOR11 from Kinmaze increased the seed dormancy,which seemed to be easily broken by dry heat treatment. Such loci of seed dormancy may be applied to rice genetic improvement.The allele of qDOR-2-2 from DV85 increased the seed dormancy,which could not be broken by dry heat treatment.     

芸苔属种子生活力监测方法的研究

本文研究了芸苔属(BrassicaL,)种子的休眠特性。破眠技术及其生活力监测方法。结果表明:(1)芸苔属6个物种都存在有一定程度的休眠现象。其中以B.nigra程度最深;B.juncea、B.carinata次之;B.oleracea、B.napus、B.campestris较浅。(2)气干、200PPmGA_3、变温(4—31℃、12小时交替)相结合的破眠技术能够有效地解除休眠。对中深休眠的物种可以全部促进其发芽;而对浅休眠的物种,发芽率稳定在97.20%以上。(3)破眠四唑法与常规发芽法和四唑染色法相比,可以准确、快速、简便地提供种子生活力的无偏估计,置信水平达99%。     

国内外椴树属种子休眠与破眠机理研究进展

概述了椴树属种子休眠的原因及破眠机理.种壳障碍、存在抑制物质、胚发育不完整以及生理后熟都可能导致椴树属种子休眠.针对其休眠原因不同,指出破眠的方法有物理处理法、化学处理法以及综合处理法,并揭示出相关破眠机理,以期为下一步开展椴树属植物种质资源的保存和育苗方面的研究,及其在园林绿化及造林方面的开发利用提供参考.     

打破长白楤木种子休眠方法的研究

长白楤木（Aralia continentalis Kitagwa）种子具有休眠特性,自然条件下萌发困难,试验采用温度和药剂处理的方法研究打破长白楤木种子休眠促进萌发的方法.试验结果表明：变温处理比恒温处理更有利于长白楤木种子的萌发.在变温处理的条件下,GA3可以有效的提高长白楤木种子的发芽率和发芽势,在试验范围内其发芽率与发芽势随着处理浓度的增大而升高.     

The effect of hydrogen cyanamide (Dormex) on flowering and cropping of different apple cultivars under tropical conditions of sub-optimal winter chilling

The effects of pre-bud-break application of 1.5% hydrogen cyanamide (3% Dormex) on the flowering and cropping of 12 apple cultivars were determined over the years 1988/89 to 1991/92 in tropical Zimbabwe, at a site with less than 300 h of winter chilling below 7.2 °C per year. Control trees, other than those of ‘Mutsu’ and ‘Goldjon’ which were indistinguishable from the treated trees, showed varying degrees of delayed flowering and low yield in comparison with the cyanamide-treated trees. The latter, irrespective of cultivar, attained full bloom within 4–5 weeks of the common date of treatment, so that blossoming of the different cultivars, as well as that of the different trees of each cultivar, was synchronized, and all cropped heavily in relation to tree size. Very satisfactory yields of ‘Mollies Delicious’, ‘Canvada’, ‘Drakenstein’, ‘Golden Delicious’, ‘NJ46’, ‘Marjorie Pye’, ‘Spartan’, ‘Starking’, ‘Granny Smith’ and ‘Ohinemuri’ were thus obtained by the use of cyanamide in an environment otherwise unsuitable for them, especially for the later cultivars on this list.     

解除水稻种子休眠方法探讨

采用12种处理方法对有休眠现象的水稻品种进行处理,探寻解除水稻休眠的适宜方法。试验结果表明:与对照相比,12种处理方法对品种R106和R527的发芽势和发芽率提高均表现出正效应,且处理11(0.1%GA3浸种24h,放入30℃光照智能恒温箱中培养)、处理9(种子放入40℃烘箱中,每天8h,烘干5d后,放入30℃光照智能恒温箱中培养)对供试品种发芽势和发芽率的提高均达到5%的显著水平,这2个试验处理是破除水稻种子休眠的较适宜的方法。     

激素对蒺藜状苜蓿种子休眠的破除

[目的]研究蒺藜状苜蓿种子发芽对外源激素的响应。[方法]用0．1、1．0、1．5、2．0μmoL／L6-苄氨基嘌吟（6-BA）、赤霉素（GA3）、脱落酸（ABA）、萘乙酸（NAA）、乙烯利、吲哚乙酸（IAA）和吲哚丁酸（IBA）分别浸湿滤纸发芽床,每组50粒蒺藜状苜蓿种子进行发芽试验,以蒸馏水处理为对照,统计发芽率、发芽势、发芽指数和发芽天数。[结果]一定浓度的外源激素6-BA、GA3、IBA和乙烯利均能促进蒺藜状苜蓿种子的发芽,促进能力为6-BA、GA3和乙烯利强于IBA;NAA和IAA在低浓度时可抑制蒺藜状苜蓿种子发芽,但抑制作用随处理浓度升高而解除,ABA抑制蒺藜状苜蓿种子发芽,抑制能力为ABA〉IAA〉NAA。[结论]为阐明蒺藜状苜蓿种子休眠发芽机理与激素调控的关系提供了参考数据．