Correlation between hydrolytic enzyme activities measured in bean seedlings afterTrichoderma koningii treatment combined with pregermination and the protective effect againstPythium splendens

An experimental protocol consisting in the colonisation of pregerminated bean seeds dressed withTrichoderma sp. was used in order to study the mechanisms correlated with the protective effect againstPythium splendens. Seed dressed with TH-11 (T. koningii) for 24 h presented a higher protective effect and a higher level of seed colonisation as compared to those dressed with TH-13 (T. longibranchiatum). The levels of seed coat colonisation by TH-11 and TH-13 was shown to be correlated with the carboxymethylcellulase activity, as measured in the seed coats retreived from germinating dressed bean seeds. The seed coat colonisation was also associated with an increased activities of endo-1,3--glucanase and endochitinase measured in seed extracts, and an inhibitory effect of seed extracts onPythium sporangia germination. Pretreatment of TH-13-dressed seeds with a commercial cellulase improved all parameters mentioned above, thus suggesting a role of cellulase activity in the colonisation process and the linked protective effect. The possible role of hydrolytic enzymes in the protective effects is discussed.     

小黑麦与黑麦花序结构和籽粒特性比较

植物的花序结构及其形态特征是影响种子生产性能的重要因素。对于禾本科植物而言,其花序大小、小穗数、小花数及小花的外稃、内稃和芒的性状特征直接影响种子形成和产量。本研究通过测定小黑麦品系C2、C35和黑麦品系C13、C33的花序结构特征,得到以下结果:小黑麦花序[(14.30±0.52) cm×(1.24±0.09) cm]明显大于黑麦[(13.20±0.35) cm×(0.82±0.02) cm],小黑麦花序长而粗,黑麦花序短而细;小黑麦花序的小穗数[(21.35±1.47)个]少于黑麦[(30.20±0.79)个];小黑麦每个小穗的小花数较多,为3~4朵,黑麦的小花数趋于稳定,每个小穗有2朵小花。从花序中部小穗的小花结构看,小黑麦下位护颖长[(1.27±0.11) cm]和宽[(0.26±0.03) cm]、上位护颖长[(1.30±0.09) cm]和宽[(0.23±0.04) cm]均显著大于黑麦下位护颖长[(1.04±0.05) cm]和宽[(0.08±0.01) cm]、上位护颖长[(0.94±0.10) cm]和宽[(0.06±0.01) cm];小黑麦中部小穗第1小花的外稃宽[(0.32±0.03) cm]、外稃高[(0.24±0.03) cm]和芒长[(8.35±0.51) cm]、第2小花的外稃宽[(0.35±0.04) cm]、外稃高[(0.25±0.05) cm]和芒长[(8.37±1.19) cm]极显著大于黑麦相应值[(0.26±0.01),(0.15±0.01),(5.50±0.19),(0.25±0.01),(0.17±0.01)和(5.18±0.23) cm];第1和第2小花的外稃长[(1.35±0.06),(1.37±0.06) cm]和内稃长[(0.84±0.04),(1.41±0.06) cm]均小于黑麦的外稃长[(1.49±0.05),(1.47±0.05) cm]和内稃长[(1.45±0.05),(1.47±0.04) cm]。小黑麦的穗粒数[(52.50±1.80)粒]显著低于黑麦[(58.50±2.50)粒] (P<0.05),但其穗粒重[(2.08±0.04) g]、粒重[(0.04±0.00) g]和籽粒宽[(3.04±0.32) mm]均极显著高于黑麦 (P<0.01),每个花序的籽粒不仅体积大,而且质量较重,其籽粒的生产性能高于黑麦。小黑麦籽粒呈椭圆形或长卵圆形,浅黄色,表皮皱缩,饱满度差;黑麦籽粒呈窄纺锤形,青灰色,表皮光滑,籽粒饱满。小黑麦和黑麦花序结构与籽粒性状的Pearson相关分析表明,小黑麦花序宽和花序基部小穗数与籽粒长显著正相关(P<0.05),花序长与籽粒宽极显著正相关(P<0.01),花序中部小穗的下、上位护颖宽分别与穗粒重和穗粒数极显著正相关(P<0.01);黑麦花序中部小穗第2小花的内稃长与籽粒长显著正相关(P<0.05),外稃高与穗粒数极显著负相关(P<0.01)。研究小黑麦和黑麦的花序结构和籽粒特征,对正确区分二者和了解其籽粒的生产性能具有重要意义,同时有利于小黑麦的示范推广。     

橡胶树树皮中ACC氧化酶基因(HbACO7)的表达特性及功能探究

天然橡胶是重要的工业原材料,主要来自橡胶树树皮中的乳管。乙烯能促进橡胶树乳管产胶和排胶,在树皮上施用乙烯利（一种乙烯释放剂）或乙烯可显著提高胶乳产量。基于本课题组前期获得的橡胶树基因组和转录组数据,克隆橡胶树中乙烯合成通路关键酶——1-氨基环丙烷基-1-羧酸（ACC）氧化酶基因家族（HbACOs）的全部8个家族基因,研究其组织表达模式。结果表明：在分析的7种组织中,尽管HbACO基因存在不同程度的冗余表达,但每种基因的组织表达模式具有明显的特异性,其中HbACO7是树皮中表达量最高的家族基因。HbACO7基因的表达在割胶季节的不同月份发生明显变化,其中在8月的表达量最高。成功构建了HbACO7基因的原核表达载体,实现其在大肠杆菌BL21中的诱导表达。纯化后的HbACO7重组蛋白具有明显的ACO酶催化活性,成功地催化了乙烯的体外合成。该结果将为后续橡胶树树皮中的乙烯生物合成调控机制研究提供参考。     

洱源丛枝瑚杀虫活性成分研究

洱源丛枝瑚(Ramaria eryuanensis)石油醚萃取物经过柱层析得到单体化合物B8,该化合物对小菜蛾3龄幼虫72 h的LC50为3.375 7 mg/mL。经FAB-MS、1HNMR、13CNMR及DEPT等波谱鉴定,并与文献值对照,确定其为麦角甾-7,22-二烯-3β,5α,6β-三醇。     

SIRT1 promotes autophagy of pancreatic cancer cells induced by hypoxia via regulating FOXO1/RAB7 signaling pathway

AIM: To investigate the effect of SIRT1 on the autophagy of pancreatic cancer cells under hypoxia condition, and to analyze the underlying mechanism of regulating FOXO1/RAB7 signaling pathway. METHODS: Western blot and immunofluorescence methods were used to determine the expression of SIRT1 in the pancreatic cancer cells. The small interfering RNA targeting SIRT1 and SIRT1 over-expression plasmid were transfected into the pancreatic cancer Panc-1 cells. Confocal microscopy was used to detect the LC3 expression. Western blot was used to analyze the protein levels of LC3, p62 and FOXO1/RAB7 signaling pathway-related molecules. Co-immunoprecipitation was used to detected the protein interaction between SIRT1 and FOXO1. RESULTS: The expression level of SIRT1 in the nucleus of Panc-1 cells was increased under hypoxia condition. Compared with negative control under hypoxia condition, knock-down of SIRT1 expression attenuated the autophagy flux in the pancreatic cancer Panc-1 cells (P<0.05). Over-expression of SIRT1 increased the protein levels of FOXO1 and RAB7. On the contrary, knock-down of SIRT1 expression inhibited the protein levels of FOXO1 and RAB7. The protein interaction between SIRT1 and FOXO1 in the pancreatic cancer cells was observed. CONCLUSION: SIRT1 in pancreatic cancer Panc-1 cells under hypoxia condition is over-expressed in the nucleus. Down-regulation of SIRT1 inhibits autophagy and its mechanism may be related to FOXO1/RAB7 signaling pathway.     

河北猪繁殖与呼吸综合征病毒HB-3(cz)株N基因变异分析及原核表达

为了给河北地区预防和控制猪繁殖与呼吸综合征提供理论数据。应用RT-PCR方法特异性扩增HB-3(cz)株的ORF7(N)基因片段,将扩增片段克隆入pMD-T载体后测序,应用DNAstar分析软件对序列进行分析,并与GenBank中发表的PRRSV毒株序列进行比较。结果显示:HB-3(cz)株与高热病毒株JXA1、HUB2等及传统河北分离株HB-1(sh)氨基酸同源性高达97.6%,属美洲型毒株。将目的片段克隆入原核表达载体pGEX-6P-1,重组质粒pGEX-N转化大肠杆菌BL21(DE3),在IPTG诱导下成功获得表达,经Western-blot-ting分析表明:表达的融合蛋白分子量约为39.5 kDa,能与PRRSV的阳性血清发生特异性反应,为PRRSV血清学诊断方法的建立奠定了基础。     

PLC在节能型日光温室温度监控系统中的应用

利用收集验证完善得到的PPI协议实现了上位机对PLC的监控,将西门子S7-200 PLC与各个控制节点相连,上位机通过控制PLC来实现自动和手动控制各个节点,以实现节能型日光温室温度监控系统的自动化.     

7S球蛋白的风味蛋白酶改性和功能性质评价

以大豆分离蛋白为原料提取7S球蛋白,研究了风味复合蛋白酶对大豆7S球蛋白的改性作用,并且评价了7S球蛋白改性前后的功能性质。结果表明,试验得到的7S球蛋白的持水性、乳化能力和吸油性优于大豆分离蛋白。风味复合蛋白酶酶解最佳的条件为pH值8.5,温度55℃。7S球蛋白改性后功能性质优于改性前。改性后7S球蛋白持水性有明显改善,在水解度为18.43%效果最好。吸油性、乳化性及乳化稳定性也有明显改善,在16.07%的水解度时效果最好。     

Effects of dietary lipids on body composition and liver function in juvenile red drum, Sciaenops ocellatus

This study was conducted to evaluate the effects of different concentrations of dietary lipids on body composition and liver function in juvenile red drum, Sciaenops ocellatus. Diets were formulated to contain 40% crude protein from solvent-extracted menhaden fish meal and 0, 7, 14 or 21% lipid from menhaden fish oil. The basal diet, without supplemental fish oil, contained lipid at 0.4% of dry weight. The diets were fed to groups of 25 juvenile red drum initially averaging 7.3 ± 0.18 g fish^–1 in a recirculating culture system for 8 weeks and weight gain was recorded. After an additional 8 weeks, 16 fish from each treatment were sacrificed and the following measurements were recorded: hepatosomatic index (HSI), intraperitoneal fat (IPF) ratio, and liver -tocopherol, malondialdehyde (MDA) formation, and cytochrome P-4501A activity (measured as 7-ethoxyresorufin O-deethylase (EROD) activity). The activity of alanine and aspartate aminotransferases and concentrations of -tocopherol also were measured in plasma.Weight gain was significantly (p<0.05) affected by dietary lipid concentration, with values ranging from 361% of initial weight for fish fed the basal diet to 527% of initial weight for fish fed the diet containing 7% lipid. The HSI and IPF ratio values also were significantly affected by lipid with the lowest values recorded for fish fed the basal diet and the highest values observed in fish fed the diet containing 21% lipid. Increasing dietary lipid significantly increased oxidative stress as reflected in reduced -tocopherol in liver and plasma and increased MDA formation in the liver, although no overt pathological signs were observed. These findings suggest that lipid concentrations between 7 and 14%, when the diet contains 60 IU vitamin E kg^–1, are likely to limit oxidative stress and result in normal physiological responses of red drum.     

静原鸡let-7a-5p的靶基因预测及组织表达分析

【目的】了解let-7a-5p的生物学信息,初步探索其在静原鸡肌肉组织中的功能作用。【方法】利用生物信息学方法对转录组测序获得的静原鸡let-7a-5p的成熟序列进行保守性分析,使用miRDB、TargetScan和miRanda在线软件预测let-7a-5p的靶基因,取其交集进行GO功能和KEGG通路富集分析,并利用实时荧光定量PCR检测let-7a-5p在静原鸡公鸡和母鸡各组织中的表达水平。【结果】let-7a-5p的成熟序列在各物种间高度保守,共预测得到38个基因集合。在生物过程、细胞组分和分子功能中靶基因富集较多的GO条目有细胞过程、生物调节、细胞、结合和催化活性;靶基因显著富集于聚酮糖单元生物合成、AGE-RAGE信号通路在糖尿病并发症中的作用、泛素介导的蛋白水解、TGF-β信号通路和加压素调节的水重吸收信号通路,且富集最多的是代谢途径、AGE-RAGE信号通路在糖尿病并发症中的作用、泛素介导的蛋白水解和MAPK信号通路。let-7a-5p-靶基因互作主要通过作用于靶mRNA的3′-UTR抑制表达或使其降解。组织表达发现,let-7a-5p在静原鸡公、母鸡的心脏、肝脏、脾脏、...